diff --git a/lib/jasmine-core/jasmine-html.js b/lib/jasmine-core/jasmine-html.js
index c1878cb5..2e776517 100644
--- a/lib/jasmine-core/jasmine-html.js
+++ b/lib/jasmine-core/jasmine-html.js
@@ -970,38 +970,32 @@ jasmineRequire.ResultsNode = function() {
 };
 
 jasmineRequire.QueryString = function() {
-  function QueryString(options) {
-    this.navigateWithNewParam = function(key, value) {
-      options.getWindowLocation().search = this.fullStringWithNewParam(
+  class QueryString {
+    #getWindowLocation;
+
+    constructor(options) {
+      this.#getWindowLocation = options.getWindowLocation;
+    }
+
+    navigateWithNewParam(key, value) {
+      this.#getWindowLocation().search = this.fullStringWithNewParam(
         key,
         value
       );
-    };
-
-    this.fullStringWithNewParam = function(key, value) {
-      const paramMap = queryStringToParamMap();
-      paramMap[key] = value;
-      return toQueryString(paramMap);
-    };
-
-    this.getParam = function(key) {
-      return queryStringToParamMap()[key];
-    };
-
-    return this;
-
-    function toQueryString(paramMap) {
-      const qStrPairs = [];
-      for (const prop in paramMap) {
-        qStrPairs.push(
-          encodeURIComponent(prop) + '=' + encodeURIComponent(paramMap[prop])
-        );
-      }
-      return '?' + qStrPairs.join('&');
     }
 
-    function queryStringToParamMap() {
-      const paramStr = options.getWindowLocation().search.substring(1);
+    fullStringWithNewParam(key, value) {
+      const paramMap = this.#queryStringToParamMap();
+      paramMap[key] = value;
+      return toQueryString(paramMap);
+    }
+
+    getParam(key) {
+      return this.#queryStringToParamMap()[key];
+    }
+
+    #queryStringToParamMap() {
+      const paramStr = this.#getWindowLocation().search.substring(1);
       let params = [];
       const paramMap = {};
 
@@ -1021,6 +1015,16 @@ jasmineRequire.QueryString = function() {
     }
   }
 
+  function toQueryString(paramMap) {
+    const qStrPairs = [];
+    for (const prop in paramMap) {
+      qStrPairs.push(
+        encodeURIComponent(prop) + '=' + encodeURIComponent(paramMap[prop])
+      );
+    }
+    return '?' + qStrPairs.join('&');
+  }
+
   return QueryString;
 };
 
diff --git a/src/html/QueryString.js b/src/html/QueryString.js
index 8a1857a3..8ed5bc62 100644
--- a/src/html/QueryString.js
+++ b/src/html/QueryString.js
@@ -1,36 +1,30 @@
 jasmineRequire.QueryString = function() {
-  function QueryString(options) {
-    this.navigateWithNewParam = function(key, value) {
-      options.getWindowLocation().search = this.fullStringWithNewParam(
+  class QueryString {
+    #getWindowLocation;
+
+    constructor(options) {
+      this.#getWindowLocation = options.getWindowLocation;
+    }
+
+    navigateWithNewParam(key, value) {
+      this.#getWindowLocation().search = this.fullStringWithNewParam(
         key,
         value
       );
-    };
-
-    this.fullStringWithNewParam = function(key, value) {
-      const paramMap = queryStringToParamMap();
-      paramMap[key] = value;
-      return toQueryString(paramMap);
-    };
-
-    this.getParam = function(key) {
-      return queryStringToParamMap()[key];
-    };
-
-    return this;
-
-    function toQueryString(paramMap) {
-      const qStrPairs = [];
-      for (const prop in paramMap) {
-        qStrPairs.push(
-          encodeURIComponent(prop) + '=' + encodeURIComponent(paramMap[prop])
-        );
-      }
-      return '?' + qStrPairs.join('&');
     }
 
-    function queryStringToParamMap() {
-      const paramStr = options.getWindowLocation().search.substring(1);
+    fullStringWithNewParam(key, value) {
+      const paramMap = this.#queryStringToParamMap();
+      paramMap[key] = value;
+      return toQueryString(paramMap);
+    }
+
+    getParam(key) {
+      return this.#queryStringToParamMap()[key];
+    }
+
+    #queryStringToParamMap() {
+      const paramStr = this.#getWindowLocation().search.substring(1);
       let params = [];
       const paramMap = {};
 
@@ -50,5 +44,15 @@ jasmineRequire.QueryString = function() {
     }
   }
 
+  function toQueryString(paramMap) {
+    const qStrPairs = [];
+    for (const prop in paramMap) {
+      qStrPairs.push(
+        encodeURIComponent(prop) + '=' + encodeURIComponent(paramMap[prop])
+      );
+    }
+    return '?' + qStrPairs.join('&');
+  }
+
   return QueryString;
 };