diff --git a/lib/jasmine-core/jasmine.js b/lib/jasmine-core/jasmine.js
index 23230e4c..f69e68f9 100644
--- a/lib/jasmine-core/jasmine.js
+++ b/lib/jasmine-core/jasmine.js
@@ -9407,6 +9407,7 @@ getJasmineRequireObj().Runner = function(j$) {
     #runableResources;
     #runQueue;
     #TreeProcessor;
+    #treeProcessor;
     #globalErrors;
     #reportDispatcher;
     #getConfig;
@@ -9469,12 +9470,9 @@ getJasmineRequireObj().Runner = function(j$) {
         seed: j$.isNumber_(config.seed) ? config.seed + '' : config.seed
       });
 
-      const processor = new this.#TreeProcessor({
+      this.#treeProcessor = new this.#TreeProcessor({
         tree: this.#topSuite,
         runnableIds: runablesToRun,
-        executeTopSuite: this.#executeTopSuite.bind(this),
-        executeSpec: this.#executeSpec.bind(this),
-        executeSuiteSegment: this.#executeSuiteSegment.bind(this),
         orderChildren: function(node) {
           return order.sort(node.children);
         },
@@ -9482,12 +9480,12 @@ getJasmineRequireObj().Runner = function(j$) {
           return !config.specFilter(spec);
         }
       });
-      processor.processTree();
+      this.#treeProcessor.processTree();
 
-      return this.#execute2(runablesToRun, order, processor);
+      return this.#execute2(runablesToRun, order);
     }
 
-    async #execute2(runablesToRun, order, processor) {
+    async #execute2(runablesToRun, order) {
       const totalSpecsDefined = this.#getTotalSpecsDefined();
 
       this.#runableResources.initForRunable(this.#topSuite.id);
@@ -9511,7 +9509,7 @@ getJasmineRequireObj().Runner = function(j$) {
       });
 
       this.#currentlyExecutingSuites.push(this.#topSuite);
-      await processor.execute();
+      await this.#executeTopSuite();
 
       if (this.#topSuite.hadBeforeAllFailure) {
         await this.#reportChildrenOfBeforeAllFailure(this.#topSuite);
@@ -9565,28 +9563,34 @@ getJasmineRequireObj().Runner = function(j$) {
       return jasmineDoneInfo;
     }
 
-    // TreeProcessor callback.
-    #executeTopSuite(topSuite, wrappedChildren, done) {
+    async #executeTopSuite() {
+      const wrappedChildren = this.#wrapNodes(
+        this.#treeProcessor.childrenOfTopSuite()
+      );
       const queueableFns = this.#addBeforeAndAfterAlls(
-        topSuite,
-        true,
+        this.#topSuite,
         wrappedChildren
       );
-      this.#runQueueWithSkipPolicy({
-        queueableFns,
-        userContext: topSuite.sharedUserContext(),
-        onException: function() {
-          topSuite.handleException.apply(topSuite, arguments);
-        }.bind(this),
-        onComplete: done,
-        onMultipleDone: topSuite.onMultipleDone
-          ? topSuite.onMultipleDone.bind(topSuite)
-          : null
+
+      await new Promise(resolve => {
+        this.#runQueueWithSkipPolicy({
+          queueableFns,
+          userContext: this.#topSuite.sharedUserContext(),
+          onException: function() {
+            this.#topSuite.handleException.apply(this.#topSuite, arguments);
+          }.bind(this),
+          onComplete: resolve,
+          onMultipleDone: this.#topSuite.onMultipleDone
+            ? this.#topSuite.onMultipleDone.bind(this.#topSuite)
+            : null
+        });
       });
     }
 
-    // TreeProcessor callback. Mutually recursive with TreeProcessor##executeNode.
-    #executeSuiteSegment(suite, excluded, wrappedChildren, done) {
+    #executeSuiteSegment(suite, segmentNumber, done) {
+      const wrappedChildren = this.#wrapNodes(
+        this.#treeProcessor.childrenOfSuiteSegment(suite, segmentNumber)
+      );
       const onStart = {
         fn: next => {
           this.#suiteSegmentStart(suite, next);
@@ -9594,7 +9598,7 @@ getJasmineRequireObj().Runner = function(j$) {
       };
       const queueableFns = [
         onStart,
-        ...this.#addBeforeAndAfterAlls(suite, excluded, wrappedChildren)
+        ...this.#addBeforeAndAfterAlls(suite, wrappedChildren)
       ];
 
       this.#runQueueWithSkipPolicy({
@@ -9617,27 +9621,40 @@ getJasmineRequireObj().Runner = function(j$) {
       });
     }
 
-    // TreeProcessor callback.
-    #executeSpec(spec, excluded, done) {
+    #executeSpec(spec, done) {
       const config = this.#getConfig();
       spec.execute(
         this.#runQueueWithSkipPolicy.bind(this),
         this.#globalErrors,
         done,
-        excluded,
+        this.#treeProcessor.isExcluded(spec),
         config.failSpecWithNoExpectations,
         config.detectLateRejectionHandling
       );
     }
 
-    #addBeforeAndAfterAlls(suite, willExecute, wrappedChildren) {
-      if (willExecute) {
-        return suite.beforeAllFns
-          .concat(wrappedChildren)
-          .concat(suite.afterAllFns);
-      } else {
+    #wrapNodes(nodes) {
+      return nodes.map(node => {
+        return {
+          fn: done => {
+            if (node.suite) {
+              this.#executeSuiteSegment(node.suite, node.segmentNumber, done);
+            } else {
+              this.#executeSpec(node.spec, done);
+            }
+          }
+        };
+      });
+    }
+
+    #addBeforeAndAfterAlls(suite, wrappedChildren) {
+      if (this.#treeProcessor.isExcluded(suite)) {
         return wrappedChildren;
       }
+
+      return suite.beforeAllFns
+        .concat(wrappedChildren)
+        .concat(suite.afterAllFns);
     }
 
     #suiteSegmentStart(suite, next) {
@@ -11386,9 +11403,6 @@ getJasmineRequireObj().TreeProcessor = function(j$) {
 
   class TreeProcessor {
     #tree;
-    #executeTopSuite;
-    #executeSpec;
-    #executeSuiteSegment;
     #runnableIds;
     #orderChildren;
     #excludeNode;
@@ -11398,9 +11412,6 @@ getJasmineRequireObj().TreeProcessor = function(j$) {
     constructor(attrs) {
       this.#tree = attrs.tree;
       this.#runnableIds = attrs.runnableIds;
-      this.#executeTopSuite = attrs.executeTopSuite;
-      this.#executeSpec = attrs.executeSpec;
-      this.#executeSuiteSegment = attrs.executeSuiteSegment;
 
       this.#orderChildren =
         attrs.orderChildren ||
@@ -11412,7 +11423,7 @@ getJasmineRequireObj().TreeProcessor = function(j$) {
         function(node) {
           return false;
         };
-      this.#stats = { valid: true };
+      this.#stats = {};
       this.#processed = false;
     }
 
@@ -11422,22 +11433,27 @@ getJasmineRequireObj().TreeProcessor = function(j$) {
       return this.#stats;
     }
 
-    async execute() {
-      if (!this.#processed) {
-        this.processTree();
-      }
+    childrenOfTopSuite() {
+      return this.childrenOfSuiteSegment(this.#tree, 0);
+    }
 
-      if (!this.#stats.valid) {
-        throw new Error('invalid order');
-      }
-
-      const wrappedChildren = this.#wrapChildren(this.#tree, 0);
-
-      await new Promise(resolve => {
-        this.#executeTopSuite(this.#tree, wrappedChildren, resolve);
+    childrenOfSuiteSegment(suite, segmentNumber) {
+      const segmentChildren = this.#stats[suite.id].segments[segmentNumber]
+        .nodes;
+      return segmentChildren.map(function(child) {
+        if (child.owner.children) {
+          return { suite: child.owner, segmentNumber: child.index };
+        } else {
+          return { spec: child.owner };
+        }
       });
     }
 
+    isExcluded(node) {
+      const nodeStats = this.#stats[node.id];
+      return node.children ? !nodeStats.willExecute : nodeStats.excluded;
+    }
+
     #runnableIndex(id) {
       for (let i = 0; i < this.#runnableIds.length; i++) {
         if (this.#runnableIds[i] === id) {
@@ -11475,15 +11491,8 @@ getJasmineRequireObj().TreeProcessor = function(j$) {
 
         for (let i = 0; i < orderedChildren.length; i++) {
           const child = orderedChildren[i];
-
           this.#processNode(child, parentExcluded);
-
-          if (!this.#stats.valid) {
-            return;
-          }
-
           const childStats = this.#stats[child.id];
-
           hasExecutableChild = hasExecutableChild || childStats.willExecute;
         }
 
@@ -11500,7 +11509,6 @@ getJasmineRequireObj().TreeProcessor = function(j$) {
               'The specified spec/suite order splits up a suite, running unrelated specs in the middle of it. This will become an error in a future release.'
             );
           } else {
-            this.#stats = { valid: false };
             throw new Error(
               'Invalid order: would cause a beforeAll or afterAll to be run multiple times'
             );
@@ -11508,37 +11516,6 @@ getJasmineRequireObj().TreeProcessor = function(j$) {
         }
       }
     }
-
-    #wrapChildren(node, segmentNumber) {
-      const result = [],
-        segmentChildren = this.#stats[node.id].segments[segmentNumber].nodes;
-
-      for (let i = 0; i < segmentChildren.length; i++) {
-        result.push(
-          this.#executeNode(segmentChildren[i].owner, segmentChildren[i].index)
-        );
-      }
-
-      return result;
-    }
-
-    #executeNode(node, segmentNumber) {
-      if (node.children) {
-        return {
-          fn: done => {
-            const wrappedChildren = this.#wrapChildren(node, segmentNumber);
-            const willExecute = this.#stats[node.id].willExecute;
-            this.#executeSuiteSegment(node, willExecute, wrappedChildren, done);
-          }
-        };
-      } else {
-        return {
-          fn: done => {
-            this.#executeSpec(node, this.#stats[node.id].excluded, done);
-          }
-        };
-      }
-    }
   }
 
   function segmentChildren(node, orderedChildren, stats, executableIndex) {
diff --git a/spec/core/TreeProcessorSpec.js b/spec/core/TreeProcessorSpec.js
index 89d9c76b..e3d5f9e8 100644
--- a/spec/core/TreeProcessorSpec.js
+++ b/spec/core/TreeProcessorSpec.js
@@ -34,8 +34,6 @@ describe('TreeProcessor', function() {
       }),
       result = processor.processTree();
 
-    expect(result.valid).toBe(true);
-
     expect(result[leaf.id]).toEqual({
       excluded: false,
       willExecute: true,
@@ -51,8 +49,6 @@ describe('TreeProcessor', function() {
       }),
       result = processor.processTree();
 
-    expect(result.valid).toBe(true);
-
     expect(result[leaf.id]).toEqual({
       excluded: false,
       willExecute: false,
@@ -68,8 +64,6 @@ describe('TreeProcessor', function() {
       }),
       result = processor.processTree();
 
-    expect(result.valid).toBe(true);
-
     expect(result[leaf.id]).toEqual({
       excluded: true,
       willExecute: false,
@@ -88,8 +82,6 @@ describe('TreeProcessor', function() {
       }),
       result = processor.processTree();
 
-    expect(result.valid).toBe(true);
-
     expect(result[leaf.id]).toEqual({
       excluded: true,
       willExecute: false,
@@ -106,8 +98,6 @@ describe('TreeProcessor', function() {
       }),
       result = processor.processTree();
 
-    expect(result.valid).toBe(true);
-
     expect(result[parent.id]).toEqual({
       excluded: false,
       willExecute: true,
@@ -130,8 +120,6 @@ describe('TreeProcessor', function() {
       }),
       result = processor.processTree();
 
-    expect(result.valid).toBe(true);
-
     expect(result[parent.id]).toEqual({
       excluded: false,
       willExecute: false,
@@ -166,8 +154,6 @@ describe('TreeProcessor', function() {
       }),
       result = processor.processTree();
 
-    expect(result.valid).toBe(true);
-
     expect(result[root.id]).toEqual({
       excluded: false,
       willExecute: true,
@@ -217,7 +203,7 @@ describe('TreeProcessor', function() {
     });
   });
 
-  it('marks the run order invalid if it would re-enter a node that does not allow re-entry', async function() {
+  it('throws if the specified order would re-enter a node that does not allow re-entry', function() {
     const leaf1 = new Leaf(),
       leaf2 = new Leaf(),
       leaf3 = new Leaf(),
@@ -233,14 +219,9 @@ describe('TreeProcessor', function() {
     }).toThrowError(
       'Invalid order: would cause a beforeAll or afterAll to be run multiple times'
     );
-
-    // Subsequent attempts to execute should fail
-    await expectAsync(processor.execute()).toBeRejectedWithError(
-      'invalid order'
-    );
   });
 
-  it('marks the run order valid if a node being re-entered allows re-entry', function() {
+  it('does not throw if a node being re-entered allows re-entry', function() {
     const leaf1 = new Leaf();
     const leaf2 = new Leaf();
     const leaf3 = new Leaf();
@@ -253,15 +234,14 @@ describe('TreeProcessor', function() {
     const env = jasmineUnderTest.getEnv();
     spyOn(env, 'deprecated');
 
-    const result = processor.processTree();
+    processor.processTree();
 
-    expect(result.valid).toBe(true);
     expect(env.deprecated).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
       'The specified spec/suite order splits up a suite, running unrelated specs in the middle of it. This will become an error in a future release.'
     );
   });
 
-  it("marks the run order valid if a node which can't be re-entered is only entered once", function() {
+  it("does not throw if a node which can't be re-entered is only entered once", function() {
     const leaf1 = new Leaf(),
       leaf2 = new Leaf(),
       leaf3 = new Leaf(),
@@ -270,22 +250,20 @@ describe('TreeProcessor', function() {
       processor = new jasmineUnderTest.TreeProcessor({
         tree: root,
         runnableIds: [leaf2.id, leaf1.id, leaf3.id]
-      }),
-      result = processor.processTree();
+      });
 
-    expect(result.valid).toBe(true);
+    processor.processTree();
   });
 
-  it("marks the run order valid if a node which can't be re-entered is run directly", function() {
+  it("does not throw if a node which can't be re-entered is run directly", function() {
     const noReentry = new Node({ noReenter: true }),
       root = new Node({ children: [noReentry] }),
       processor = new jasmineUnderTest.TreeProcessor({
         tree: root,
         runnableIds: [root.id]
-      }),
-      result = processor.processTree();
+      });
 
-    expect(result.valid).toBe(true);
+    processor.processTree();
   });
 
   // TODO: Replace these with corresponding unit tests elsewhere, once things stabilize
diff --git a/src/core/Runner.js b/src/core/Runner.js
index 250e167a..0abfc143 100644
--- a/src/core/Runner.js
+++ b/src/core/Runner.js
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ getJasmineRequireObj().Runner = function(j$) {
     #runableResources;
     #runQueue;
     #TreeProcessor;
+    #treeProcessor;
     #globalErrors;
     #reportDispatcher;
     #getConfig;
@@ -68,12 +69,9 @@ getJasmineRequireObj().Runner = function(j$) {
         seed: j$.isNumber_(config.seed) ? config.seed + '' : config.seed
       });
 
-      const processor = new this.#TreeProcessor({
+      this.#treeProcessor = new this.#TreeProcessor({
         tree: this.#topSuite,
         runnableIds: runablesToRun,
-        executeTopSuite: this.#executeTopSuite.bind(this),
-        executeSpec: this.#executeSpec.bind(this),
-        executeSuiteSegment: this.#executeSuiteSegment.bind(this),
         orderChildren: function(node) {
           return order.sort(node.children);
         },
@@ -81,12 +79,12 @@ getJasmineRequireObj().Runner = function(j$) {
           return !config.specFilter(spec);
         }
       });
-      processor.processTree();
+      this.#treeProcessor.processTree();
 
-      return this.#execute2(runablesToRun, order, processor);
+      return this.#execute2(runablesToRun, order);
     }
 
-    async #execute2(runablesToRun, order, processor) {
+    async #execute2(runablesToRun, order) {
       const totalSpecsDefined = this.#getTotalSpecsDefined();
 
       this.#runableResources.initForRunable(this.#topSuite.id);
@@ -110,7 +108,7 @@ getJasmineRequireObj().Runner = function(j$) {
       });
 
       this.#currentlyExecutingSuites.push(this.#topSuite);
-      await processor.execute();
+      await this.#executeTopSuite();
 
       if (this.#topSuite.hadBeforeAllFailure) {
         await this.#reportChildrenOfBeforeAllFailure(this.#topSuite);
@@ -164,28 +162,34 @@ getJasmineRequireObj().Runner = function(j$) {
       return jasmineDoneInfo;
     }
 
-    // TreeProcessor callback.
-    #executeTopSuite(topSuite, wrappedChildren, done) {
+    async #executeTopSuite() {
+      const wrappedChildren = this.#wrapNodes(
+        this.#treeProcessor.childrenOfTopSuite()
+      );
       const queueableFns = this.#addBeforeAndAfterAlls(
-        topSuite,
-        true,
+        this.#topSuite,
         wrappedChildren
       );
-      this.#runQueueWithSkipPolicy({
-        queueableFns,
-        userContext: topSuite.sharedUserContext(),
-        onException: function() {
-          topSuite.handleException.apply(topSuite, arguments);
-        }.bind(this),
-        onComplete: done,
-        onMultipleDone: topSuite.onMultipleDone
-          ? topSuite.onMultipleDone.bind(topSuite)
-          : null
+
+      await new Promise(resolve => {
+        this.#runQueueWithSkipPolicy({
+          queueableFns,
+          userContext: this.#topSuite.sharedUserContext(),
+          onException: function() {
+            this.#topSuite.handleException.apply(this.#topSuite, arguments);
+          }.bind(this),
+          onComplete: resolve,
+          onMultipleDone: this.#topSuite.onMultipleDone
+            ? this.#topSuite.onMultipleDone.bind(this.#topSuite)
+            : null
+        });
       });
     }
 
-    // TreeProcessor callback. Mutually recursive with TreeProcessor##executeNode.
-    #executeSuiteSegment(suite, excluded, wrappedChildren, done) {
+    #executeSuiteSegment(suite, segmentNumber, done) {
+      const wrappedChildren = this.#wrapNodes(
+        this.#treeProcessor.childrenOfSuiteSegment(suite, segmentNumber)
+      );
       const onStart = {
         fn: next => {
           this.#suiteSegmentStart(suite, next);
@@ -193,7 +197,7 @@ getJasmineRequireObj().Runner = function(j$) {
       };
       const queueableFns = [
         onStart,
-        ...this.#addBeforeAndAfterAlls(suite, excluded, wrappedChildren)
+        ...this.#addBeforeAndAfterAlls(suite, wrappedChildren)
       ];
 
       this.#runQueueWithSkipPolicy({
@@ -216,27 +220,40 @@ getJasmineRequireObj().Runner = function(j$) {
       });
     }
 
-    // TreeProcessor callback.
-    #executeSpec(spec, excluded, done) {
+    #executeSpec(spec, done) {
       const config = this.#getConfig();
       spec.execute(
         this.#runQueueWithSkipPolicy.bind(this),
         this.#globalErrors,
         done,
-        excluded,
+        this.#treeProcessor.isExcluded(spec),
         config.failSpecWithNoExpectations,
         config.detectLateRejectionHandling
       );
     }
 
-    #addBeforeAndAfterAlls(suite, willExecute, wrappedChildren) {
-      if (willExecute) {
-        return suite.beforeAllFns
-          .concat(wrappedChildren)
-          .concat(suite.afterAllFns);
-      } else {
+    #wrapNodes(nodes) {
+      return nodes.map(node => {
+        return {
+          fn: done => {
+            if (node.suite) {
+              this.#executeSuiteSegment(node.suite, node.segmentNumber, done);
+            } else {
+              this.#executeSpec(node.spec, done);
+            }
+          }
+        };
+      });
+    }
+
+    #addBeforeAndAfterAlls(suite, wrappedChildren) {
+      if (this.#treeProcessor.isExcluded(suite)) {
         return wrappedChildren;
       }
+
+      return suite.beforeAllFns
+        .concat(wrappedChildren)
+        .concat(suite.afterAllFns);
     }
 
     #suiteSegmentStart(suite, next) {
diff --git a/src/core/TreeProcessor.js b/src/core/TreeProcessor.js
index 328c50e3..da46eadd 100644
--- a/src/core/TreeProcessor.js
+++ b/src/core/TreeProcessor.js
@@ -4,9 +4,6 @@ getJasmineRequireObj().TreeProcessor = function(j$) {
 
   class TreeProcessor {
     #tree;
-    #executeTopSuite;
-    #executeSpec;
-    #executeSuiteSegment;
     #runnableIds;
     #orderChildren;
     #excludeNode;
@@ -16,9 +13,6 @@ getJasmineRequireObj().TreeProcessor = function(j$) {
     constructor(attrs) {
       this.#tree = attrs.tree;
       this.#runnableIds = attrs.runnableIds;
-      this.#executeTopSuite = attrs.executeTopSuite;
-      this.#executeSpec = attrs.executeSpec;
-      this.#executeSuiteSegment = attrs.executeSuiteSegment;
 
       this.#orderChildren =
         attrs.orderChildren ||
@@ -30,7 +24,7 @@ getJasmineRequireObj().TreeProcessor = function(j$) {
         function(node) {
           return false;
         };
-      this.#stats = { valid: true };
+      this.#stats = {};
       this.#processed = false;
     }
 
@@ -40,22 +34,27 @@ getJasmineRequireObj().TreeProcessor = function(j$) {
       return this.#stats;
     }
 
-    async execute() {
-      if (!this.#processed) {
-        this.processTree();
-      }
+    childrenOfTopSuite() {
+      return this.childrenOfSuiteSegment(this.#tree, 0);
+    }
 
-      if (!this.#stats.valid) {
-        throw new Error('invalid order');
-      }
-
-      const wrappedChildren = this.#wrapChildren(this.#tree, 0);
-
-      await new Promise(resolve => {
-        this.#executeTopSuite(this.#tree, wrappedChildren, resolve);
+    childrenOfSuiteSegment(suite, segmentNumber) {
+      const segmentChildren = this.#stats[suite.id].segments[segmentNumber]
+        .nodes;
+      return segmentChildren.map(function(child) {
+        if (child.owner.children) {
+          return { suite: child.owner, segmentNumber: child.index };
+        } else {
+          return { spec: child.owner };
+        }
       });
     }
 
+    isExcluded(node) {
+      const nodeStats = this.#stats[node.id];
+      return node.children ? !nodeStats.willExecute : nodeStats.excluded;
+    }
+
     #runnableIndex(id) {
       for (let i = 0; i < this.#runnableIds.length; i++) {
         if (this.#runnableIds[i] === id) {
@@ -93,15 +92,8 @@ getJasmineRequireObj().TreeProcessor = function(j$) {
 
         for (let i = 0; i < orderedChildren.length; i++) {
           const child = orderedChildren[i];
-
           this.#processNode(child, parentExcluded);
-
-          if (!this.#stats.valid) {
-            return;
-          }
-
           const childStats = this.#stats[child.id];
-
           hasExecutableChild = hasExecutableChild || childStats.willExecute;
         }
 
@@ -118,7 +110,6 @@ getJasmineRequireObj().TreeProcessor = function(j$) {
               'The specified spec/suite order splits up a suite, running unrelated specs in the middle of it. This will become an error in a future release.'
             );
           } else {
-            this.#stats = { valid: false };
             throw new Error(
               'Invalid order: would cause a beforeAll or afterAll to be run multiple times'
             );
@@ -126,37 +117,6 @@ getJasmineRequireObj().TreeProcessor = function(j$) {
         }
       }
     }
-
-    #wrapChildren(node, segmentNumber) {
-      const result = [],
-        segmentChildren = this.#stats[node.id].segments[segmentNumber].nodes;
-
-      for (let i = 0; i < segmentChildren.length; i++) {
-        result.push(
-          this.#executeNode(segmentChildren[i].owner, segmentChildren[i].index)
-        );
-      }
-
-      return result;
-    }
-
-    #executeNode(node, segmentNumber) {
-      if (node.children) {
-        return {
-          fn: done => {
-            const wrappedChildren = this.#wrapChildren(node, segmentNumber);
-            const willExecute = this.#stats[node.id].willExecute;
-            this.#executeSuiteSegment(node, willExecute, wrappedChildren, done);
-          }
-        };
-      } else {
-        return {
-          fn: done => {
-            this.#executeSpec(node, this.#stats[node.id].excluded, done);
-          }
-        };
-      }
-    }
   }
 
   function segmentChildren(node, orderedChildren, stats, executableIndex) {