ollama source for Momentry Core verification

2026-05-22 17:19:10 +08:00
commit 0b31ff9135
2020 changed files with 1413145 additions and 0 deletions
--- a/.dockerignore
+++ b/.dockerignore
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+.vscode
+ollama
+app
+macapp
+dist
+build
+.env
+.cache
+test_data
+.git
+
--- a/.gitattributes
+++ b/.gitattributes
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+llama/**/*.cpp linguist-vendored
+llama/**/*.hpp linguist-vendored
+llama/**/*.h linguist-vendored
+llama/**/*.c linguist-vendored
+llama/**/*.cu linguist-vendored
+llama/**/*.cuh linguist-vendored
+llama/**/*.m linguist-vendored
+llama/**/*.metal linguist-vendored
+
+ml/backend/**/*.c linguist-vendored
+ml/backend/**/*.h linguist-vendored
+ml/backend/**/*.cpp linguist-vendored
+ml/backend/**/*.hpp linguist-vendored
+ml/backend/**/*.cu linguist-vendored
+ml/backend/**/*.cuh linguist-vendored
+ml/backend/**/*.m linguist-vendored
+ml/backend/**/*.metal linguist-vendored
+ml/backend/**/*.comp linguist-vendored
+ml/backend/**/*.glsl linguist-vendored
+ml/backend/**/CMakeLists.txt linguist-vendored
+
+app/webview linguist-vendored
+
+llama/build-info.cpp linguist-generated
+ml/backend/ggml/ggml/src/ggml-metal/ggml-metal-embed.s linguist-generated
+
+* text=auto
+*.go text eol=lf
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/10_bug_report.yml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/10_bug_report.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+name: Bug report
+labels: [bug]
+description: Something isn't working right.
+body:
+  - type: textarea
+    id: description
+    attributes:
+      label: What is the issue?
+      description: What happened? What did you expect to happen?
+    validations:
+      required: true
+  - type: textarea
+    id: logs
+    attributes:
+      label: Relevant log output
+      description: Please copy and paste any relevant log output. See [Troubleshooting Guide](https://github.com/ollama/ollama/blob/main/docs/troubleshooting.mdx#how-to-troubleshoot-issues) for details.
+      render: shell
+    validations:
+      required: false
+  - type: dropdown
+    id: os
+    attributes:
+      label: OS
+      description: Which operating system are you using?
+      multiple: true
+      options:
+        - Linux
+        - macOS
+        - Windows
+        - Docker
+        - WSL2
+    validations:
+      required: false
+  - type: dropdown
+    id: gpu
+    attributes:
+      label: GPU
+      description: Which GPU are you using?
+      multiple: true
+      options:
+        - Nvidia
+        - AMD
+        - Intel
+        - Apple
+        - Other
+    validations:
+      required: false
+  - type: dropdown
+    id: cpu
+    attributes:
+      label: CPU
+      description: Which CPU are you using?
+      multiple: true
+      options:
+        - Intel
+        - AMD
+        - Apple
+        - Other
+    validations:
+      required: false
+  - type: input
+    id: version
+    attributes:
+      label: Ollama version
+      description: What version of Ollama are you using? (`ollama --version`)
+      placeholder: e.g., 0.1.32
+    validations:
+      required: false
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/20_feature_request.md
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/20_feature_request.md
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+---
+name: Feature request
+about: Request a new feature
+labels: feature request
+---
+
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/30_model_request.md
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/30_model_request.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+name: Model request
+about: Request support for a new model to be added to Ollama
+labels: model request
+---
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/config.yml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/config.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+blank_issues_enabled: true
+contact_links:
+  - name: Help
+    url: https://discord.com/invite/ollama
+    about: Please join our Discord server for help using Ollama
+  - name: Troubleshooting
+    url: https://github.com/ollama/ollama/blob/main/docs/faq.md#faq
+    about: See the FAQ for common issues and solutions
--- a/.github/workflows/latest.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/latest.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+name: latest
+
+on:
+  release:
+    types: [released]
+
+jobs:
+  update-latest:
+    environment: release
+    runs-on: linux
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Login to Docker Hub
+        uses: docker/login-action@v3
+        with:
+          username: ${{ vars.DOCKER_USER }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_ACCESS_TOKEN }}
+      - name: Tag images as latest
+        env:
+          PUSH: "1"
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          export "VERSION=${GITHUB_REF_NAME#v}"
+          ./scripts/tag_latest.sh
--- a/.github/workflows/release.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,708 @@
+name: release
+
+on:
+  push:
+    tags:
+      - 'v*'
+
+env:
+  CGO_CFLAGS: '-O3'
+  CGO_CXXFLAGS: '-O3'
+
+jobs:
+  setup-environment:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    environment: release
+    outputs:
+      GOFLAGS: ${{ steps.goflags.outputs.GOFLAGS }}
+      VERSION: ${{ steps.goflags.outputs.VERSION }}
+      vendorsha: ${{ steps.changes.outputs.vendorsha }}
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Set environment
+        id: goflags
+        run: |
+          echo GOFLAGS="'-ldflags=-w -s \"-X=github.com/ollama/ollama/version.Version=${GITHUB_REF_NAME#v}\" \"-X=github.com/ollama/ollama/server.mode=release\"'" | tee -a $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo VERSION="${GITHUB_REF_NAME#v}" | tee -a $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo vendorsha=$(make -f Makefile.sync print-base) | tee -a $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+
+  darwin-build:
+    runs-on: macos-26-xlarge
+    environment: release
+    needs: setup-environment
+    env:
+      GOFLAGS: ${{ needs.setup-environment.outputs.GOFLAGS }}
+      VERSION: ${{ needs.setup-environment.outputs.VERSION }}
+      APPLE_IDENTITY: ${{ secrets.APPLE_IDENTITY }}
+      APPLE_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.APPLE_PASSWORD }}
+      APPLE_TEAM_ID: ${{ vars.APPLE_TEAM_ID }}
+      APPLE_ID: ${{ vars.APPLE_ID }}
+      MACOS_SIGNING_KEY: ${{ secrets.MACOS_SIGNING_KEY }}
+      MACOS_SIGNING_KEY_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.MACOS_SIGNING_KEY_PASSWORD }}
+      CGO_CFLAGS: '-mmacosx-version-min=14.0 -O3'
+      CGO_CXXFLAGS: '-mmacosx-version-min=14.0 -O3'
+      CGO_LDFLAGS: '-mmacosx-version-min=14.0 -O3'
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - run: |
+          echo $MACOS_SIGNING_KEY | base64 --decode > certificate.p12
+          security create-keychain -p password build.keychain
+          security default-keychain -s build.keychain
+          security unlock-keychain -p password build.keychain
+          security import certificate.p12 -k build.keychain -P $MACOS_SIGNING_KEY_PASSWORD -T /usr/bin/codesign
+          security set-key-partition-list -S apple-tool:,apple:,codesign: -s -k password build.keychain
+          security set-keychain-settings -lut 3600 build.keychain
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        with:
+          go-version-file: go.mod
+          cache-dependency-path: |
+            go.sum
+            Makefile.sync
+      - run: |
+          ./scripts/build_darwin.sh
+      - name: Log build results
+        run: |
+          ls -l dist/
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: bundles-darwin
+          path: |
+            dist/*.tgz
+            dist/*.tar.zst
+            dist/*.zip
+            dist/*.dmg
+
+  windows-depends:
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        os: [windows]
+        arch: [amd64]
+        preset: ['CPU']
+        include:
+          - os: windows
+            arch: amd64
+            preset: 'CUDA 12'
+            install: https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/12.8.0/local_installers/cuda_12.8.0_571.96_windows.exe
+            cuda-components:
+              - '"cudart"'
+              - '"nvcc"'
+              - '"cublas"'
+              - '"cublas_dev"'
+            cuda-version: '12.8'
+            flags: ''
+          - os: windows
+            arch: amd64
+            preset: 'CUDA 13'
+            install: https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/13.0.0/local_installers/cuda_13.0.0_windows.exe
+            cuda-components:
+              - '"cudart"'
+              - '"nvcc"'
+              - '"cublas"'
+              - '"cublas_dev"'
+              - '"crt"'
+              - '"nvvm"'
+              - '"nvptxcompiler"'
+            cuda-version: '13.0'
+            flags: ''
+          - os: windows
+            arch: amd64
+            preset: 'ROCm 6'
+            install: https://download.amd.com/developer/eula/rocm-hub/AMD-Software-PRO-Edition-24.Q4-WinSvr2022-For-HIP.exe
+            rocm-version: '6.2'
+            flags: '-DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=clang -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=clang++ -DCMAKE_C_FLAGS="-parallel-jobs=4 -Wno-ignored-attributes -Wno-deprecated-pragma" -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="-parallel-jobs=4 -Wno-ignored-attributes -Wno-deprecated-pragma"'
+            runner_dir: 'rocm'
+          - os: windows
+            arch: amd64
+            preset: Vulkan
+            install: https://sdk.lunarg.com/sdk/download/1.4.321.1/windows/vulkansdk-windows-X64-1.4.321.1.exe
+            flags: ''
+            runner_dir: 'vulkan'
+          - os: windows
+            arch: amd64
+            preset: 'MLX CUDA 13'
+            install: https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/13.0.0/local_installers/cuda_13.0.0_windows.exe
+            cudnn-install: https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cudnn/redist/cudnn/windows-x86_64/cudnn-windows-x86_64-9.18.1.3_cuda13-archive.zip
+            cuda-components:
+              - '"cudart"'
+              - '"nvcc"'
+              - '"cublas"'
+              - '"cublas_dev"'
+              - '"cufft"'
+              - '"cufft_dev"'
+              - '"nvrtc"'
+              - '"nvrtc_dev"'
+              - '"crt"'
+              - '"nvvm"'
+              - '"nvptxcompiler"'
+            cuda-version: '13.0'
+            flags: ''
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.arch == 'arm64' && format('{0}-{1}', matrix.os, matrix.arch) || matrix.os }}
+    environment: release
+    env:
+      GOFLAGS: ${{ needs.setup-environment.outputs.GOFLAGS }}
+    steps:
+      # Increase pagefile to handle momentary spikes in RAM from NVCC compiles
+      - if: startsWith(matrix.preset, 'MLX ')
+        name: Increase pagefile to 200 GB
+        uses: al-cheb/configure-pagefile-action@v1.5
+        with:
+          minimum-size: 16GB
+          maximum-size: 200GB
+          disk-root: "D:"
+      - name: Install system dependencies
+        run: |
+          choco install -y --no-progress ccache ninja
+          if (Get-Command ccache -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) {
+            ccache -o cache_dir=${{ github.workspace }}\.ccache
+          }
+      - if: startsWith(matrix.preset, 'CUDA ') || startsWith(matrix.preset, 'ROCm ') || startsWith(matrix.preset, 'Vulkan') || startsWith(matrix.preset, 'MLX ')
+        id: cache-install
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        with:
+          path: |
+            C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA
+            C:\Program Files\AMD\ROCm
+            C:\VulkanSDK
+            C:\Program Files\NVIDIA\CUDNN
+          key: ${{ matrix.install }}-${{ matrix.cudnn-install }}
+      - if: startsWith(matrix.preset, 'CUDA ') || startsWith(matrix.preset, 'MLX ')
+        name: Install CUDA ${{ matrix.cuda-version }}
+        run: |
+          $ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
+          if ("${{ steps.cache-install.outputs.cache-hit }}" -ne 'true') {
+            Invoke-WebRequest -Uri "${{ matrix.install }}" -OutFile "install.exe"
+            $subpackages = @(${{ join(matrix.cuda-components, ', ') }}) | Foreach-Object {"${_}_${{ matrix.cuda-version }}"}
+            Start-Process -FilePath .\install.exe -ArgumentList (@("-s") + $subpackages) -NoNewWindow -Wait
+          }
+
+          $cudaPath = (Resolve-Path "C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\*").path
+          echo "$cudaPath\bin" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_PATH -Encoding utf8 -Append
+      - if: startsWith(matrix.preset, 'ROCm')
+        name: Install ROCm ${{ matrix.rocm-version }}
+        run: |
+          $ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
+          if ("${{ steps.cache-install.outputs.cache-hit }}" -ne 'true') {
+            Invoke-WebRequest -Uri "${{ matrix.install }}" -OutFile "install.exe"
+            Start-Process -FilePath .\install.exe -ArgumentList '-install' -NoNewWindow -Wait
+          }
+
+          $hipPath = (Resolve-Path "C:\Program Files\AMD\ROCm\*").path
+          echo "$hipPath\bin" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_PATH -Encoding utf8 -Append
+          echo "CC=$hipPath\bin\clang.exe" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_ENV -Append
+          echo "CXX=$hipPath\bin\clang++.exe" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_ENV -Append
+          echo "HIPCXX=$hipPath\bin\clang++.exe" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_ENV -Append
+          echo "HIP_PLATFORM=amd" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_ENV -Append
+          echo "CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=$hipPath" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_ENV -Append
+      - if: matrix.preset == 'Vulkan'
+        name: Install Vulkan ${{ matrix.rocm-version }}
+        run: |
+          $ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
+          if ("${{ steps.cache-install.outputs.cache-hit }}" -ne 'true') {
+            Invoke-WebRequest -Uri "${{ matrix.install }}" -OutFile "install.exe"
+            Start-Process -FilePath .\install.exe -ArgumentList "-c","--am","--al","in" -NoNewWindow -Wait
+          }
+          
+          $vulkanPath = (Resolve-Path "C:\VulkanSDK\*").path
+          echo "$vulkanPath\bin" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_PATH -Encoding utf8 -Append
+          echo "VULKAN_SDK=$vulkanPath" >> $env:GITHUB_ENV
+      - if: matrix.preset == 'CPU'
+        run: |
+          echo "CC=clang.exe" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_ENV -Append
+          echo "CXX=clang++.exe" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_ENV -Append
+      - if: startsWith(matrix.preset, 'MLX ')
+        name: Install cuDNN for MLX
+        run: |
+          $ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
+          $cudnnRoot = "C:\Program Files\NVIDIA\CUDNN"
+          if ("${{ steps.cache-install.outputs.cache-hit }}" -ne 'true') {
+            Invoke-WebRequest -Uri "${{ matrix.cudnn-install }}" -OutFile "cudnn.zip"
+            Expand-Archive -Path cudnn.zip -DestinationPath cudnn-extracted
+            $cudnnDir = (Get-ChildItem -Path cudnn-extracted -Directory)[0].FullName
+            New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path $cudnnRoot
+            Copy-Item -Path "$cudnnDir\*" -Destination "$cudnnRoot\" -Recurse
+          }
+
+          echo "CUDNN_ROOT_DIR=$cudnnRoot" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_ENV -Append
+          echo "CUDNN_INCLUDE_PATH=$cudnnRoot\include" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_ENV -Append
+          echo "CUDNN_LIBRARY_PATH=$cudnnRoot\lib\x64" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_ENV -Append
+          echo "$cudnnRoot\bin\x64" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_PATH -Encoding utf8 -Append
+      - if: ${{ !cancelled() && steps.cache-install.outputs.cache-hit != 'true' }}
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v4
+        with:
+          path: |
+            C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA
+            C:\Program Files\AMD\ROCm
+            C:\VulkanSDK
+            C:\Program Files\NVIDIA\CUDNN
+          key: ${{ matrix.install }}-${{ matrix.cudnn-install }}
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/cache@v4
+        with:
+          path: ${{ github.workspace }}\.ccache
+          key: ccache-${{ matrix.os }}-${{ matrix.arch }}-${{ matrix.preset }}-${{ needs.setup-environment.outputs.vendorsha }}
+      - name: Build target "${{ matrix.preset }}"
+        run: |
+          Import-Module 'C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Enterprise\Common7\Tools\Microsoft.VisualStudio.DevShell.dll'
+          Enter-VsDevShell -VsInstallPath 'C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Enterprise' -SkipAutomaticLocation  -DevCmdArguments '-arch=x64 -no_logo'
+          cmake --preset "${{ matrix.preset }}" ${{ matrix.flags }} --install-prefix "$((pwd).Path)\dist\${{ matrix.os }}-${{ matrix.arch }}"
+          cmake --build --preset "${{ matrix.preset }}" -- -l $([Environment]::ProcessorCount)
+          cmake --install build --component "${{ startsWith(matrix.preset, 'MLX ') && 'MLX' || startsWith(matrix.preset, 'CUDA ') && 'CUDA' || startsWith(matrix.preset, 'ROCm ') && 'HIP' || startsWith(matrix.preset, 'Vulkan') && 'Vulkan' || 'CPU' }}" --strip
+          if ('${{ matrix.preset }}'.StartsWith('MLX ')) { cmake --install build --component MLX_VENDOR }
+          Remove-Item -Path dist\lib\ollama\rocm\rocblas\library\*gfx906* -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
+        env:
+          CMAKE_GENERATOR: Ninja
+      - name: Log build results
+        run: |
+          gci -path .\dist -Recurse -File | ForEach-Object { get-filehash -path $_.FullName -Algorithm SHA256 } | format-list
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: depends-${{ matrix.os }}-${{ matrix.arch }}-${{ matrix.preset }}
+          path: dist\*
+
+  windows-build:
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        os: [windows]
+        arch: [amd64, arm64]
+        include:
+        - os: windows
+          arch: amd64
+          llvmarch: x86_64
+        - os: windows
+          arch: arm64
+          llvmarch: aarch64
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.arch == 'arm64' && format('{0}-{1}', matrix.os, matrix.arch) || matrix.os }}
+    environment: release
+    needs: [setup-environment]
+    env:
+      GOFLAGS: ${{ needs.setup-environment.outputs.GOFLAGS }}
+      VERSION: ${{ needs.setup-environment.outputs.VERSION }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Install ARM64 system dependencies
+        if: matrix.arch == 'arm64'
+        run: |
+          $ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
+          Set-ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Scope Process -Force
+          [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol -bor 3072
+          iex ((New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadString('https://community.chocolatey.org/install.ps1'))
+          echo "C:\ProgramData\chocolatey\bin" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_PATH -Encoding utf8 -Append
+
+          Invoke-WebRequest -Uri https://aka.ms/vs/17/release/vc_redist.arm64.exe -OutFile "${{ runner.temp }}\vc_redist.arm64.exe"
+          Start-Process -FilePath "${{ runner.temp }}\vc_redist.arm64.exe" -ArgumentList @("/install", "/quiet", "/norestart") -NoNewWindow -Wait
+
+          choco install -y --no-progress git gzip
+          echo "C:\Program Files\Git\cmd" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_PATH -Encoding utf8 -Append
+      - name: Install clang and gcc-compat
+        run: |
+          $ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
+          Set-ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Scope Process -Force
+          Invoke-WebRequest -Uri "https://github.com/mstorsjo/llvm-mingw/releases/download/20240619/llvm-mingw-20240619-ucrt-${{ matrix.llvmarch }}.zip" -OutFile "${{ runner.temp }}\llvm-mingw-ucrt.zip"
+          Expand-Archive -Path ${{ runner.temp }}\llvm-mingw-ucrt.zip -DestinationPath "C:\Program Files\"
+          $installPath=(Resolve-Path -Path "C:\Program Files\llvm-mingw-*-ucrt*").path
+          echo "$installPath\bin" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_PATH -Encoding utf8 -Append
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        with:
+          go-version-file: go.mod
+          cache-dependency-path: |
+            go.sum
+            Makefile.sync
+      - name: Verify gcc is actually clang
+        run: |
+          $ErrorActionPreference='Continue'
+          $version=& gcc -v 2>&1
+          $version=$version -join "`n"
+          echo "gcc is $version"
+          if ($version -notmatch 'clang') {
+            echo "ERROR: GCC must be clang for proper utf16 handling"
+            exit 1
+          }
+          $ErrorActionPreference='Stop'
+      - name: Setup Node.js
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+        with:
+          node-version: "20"
+      - run: |
+          ./scripts/build_windows ollama app
+      - name: Log build results
+        run: |
+          gci -path .\dist -Recurse -File | ForEach-Object { get-filehash -path $_.FullName -Algorithm SHA256 } | format-list
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: build-${{ matrix.os }}-${{ matrix.arch }}
+          path: |
+            dist\*
+
+  windows-app:
+    runs-on: windows
+    environment: release
+    needs: [windows-build, windows-depends]
+    env:
+      GOFLAGS: ${{ needs.setup-environment.outputs.GOFLAGS }}
+      VERSION: ${{ needs.setup-environment.outputs.VERSION }}
+      KEY_CONTAINER: ${{ vars.KEY_CONTAINER }}
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: google-github-actions/auth@v2
+        with:
+          project_id: ollama
+          credentials_json: ${{ secrets.GOOGLE_SIGNING_CREDENTIALS }}
+      - run: |
+          $ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
+          Invoke-WebRequest -Uri "https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/p/?LinkId=323507" -OutFile "${{ runner.temp }}\sdksetup.exe"
+          Start-Process "${{ runner.temp }}\sdksetup.exe" -ArgumentList @("/q") -NoNewWindow -Wait
+
+          Invoke-WebRequest -Uri "https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kms-integrations/releases/download/cng-v1.0/kmscng-1.0-windows-amd64.zip" -OutFile "${{ runner.temp }}\plugin.zip"
+          Expand-Archive -Path "${{ runner.temp }}\plugin.zip" -DestinationPath "${{ runner.temp }}\plugin\"
+          & "${{ runner.temp }}\plugin\*\kmscng.msi" /quiet
+
+          echo "${{ vars.OLLAMA_CERT }}" >ollama_inc.crt
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        with:
+          go-version-file: go.mod
+          cache-dependency-path: |
+            go.sum
+            Makefile.sync
+      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          pattern: depends-windows*
+          path: dist
+          merge-multiple: true
+      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          pattern: build-windows*
+          path: dist
+          merge-multiple: true
+      - name: Log dist contents after download
+        run: |
+          gci -path .\dist -recurse
+      - run: |
+          ./scripts/build_windows.ps1 deps sign installer zip
+      - name: Log contents after build
+        run: |
+          gci -path .\dist -Recurse -File | ForEach-Object { get-filehash -path $_.FullName -Algorithm SHA256 } | format-list
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: bundles-windows
+          path: |
+            dist/*.zip
+            dist/*.ps1
+            dist/OllamaSetup.exe
+
+  # Pre-build each Dockerfile stage on its own runner in parallel and push the
+  # resulting layers to a per-stage registry cache.  The downstream
+  # docker-build-push job then assembles cache-hit-only.
+  linux-depends:
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          - arch: amd64
+            target: cpu
+          - arch: amd64
+            target: cuda-12
+          - arch: amd64
+            target: cuda-13
+          - arch: amd64
+            target: mlx
+          - arch: amd64
+            target: rocm-7
+          - arch: amd64
+            target: vulkan
+          - arch: arm64
+            target: cpu
+          - arch: arm64
+            target: cuda-12
+          - arch: arm64
+            target: cuda-13
+          - arch: arm64
+            target: jetpack-5
+          - arch: arm64
+            target: jetpack-6
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.arch == 'arm64' && 'linux-arm64' || 'linux' }}
+    environment: release
+    needs: setup-environment
+    env:
+      GOFLAGS: ${{ needs.setup-environment.outputs.GOFLAGS }}
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
+      - uses: docker/login-action@v3
+        with:
+          username: ${{ vars.DOCKER_USER }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_ACCESS_TOKEN }}
+      # Increase swap to handle momentary spikes in RAM from NVCC compiles
+      - if: matrix.target == 'mlx'
+        name: Increase Linux swap to 200 GB
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          set -e
+          SWAP_PATH=/swapfile-mlx
+          SWAP_SIZE_GB=200
+          if [ -f "$SWAP_PATH" ]; then
+              sudo swapoff "$SWAP_PATH" 2>/dev/null || true
+              sudo rm -f "$SWAP_PATH"
+          fi
+          if ! sudo fallocate -l ${SWAP_SIZE_GB}G "$SWAP_PATH" 2>/dev/null; then
+              echo "fallocate unsupported, falling back to dd"
+              sudo dd if=/dev/zero of="$SWAP_PATH" bs=1M count=$((SWAP_SIZE_GB * 1024))
+          fi
+          sudo chmod 600 "$SWAP_PATH"
+          sudo mkswap "$SWAP_PATH"
+          sudo swapon "$SWAP_PATH"
+          swapon --show
+          free -h
+      - uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
+        with:
+          context: .
+          platforms: linux/${{ matrix.arch }}
+          target: ${{ matrix.target }}
+          provenance: false
+          sbom: false
+          build-args: |
+            CGO_CFLAGS=${{ env.CGO_CFLAGS }}
+            CGO_CXXFLAGS=${{ env.CGO_CXXFLAGS }}
+            GOFLAGS=${{ env.GOFLAGS }}
+            APT_MIRROR=http://azure.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu
+            OLLAMA_MLX_BUILD_JOBS=16
+            OLLAMA_MLX_NVCC_THREADS=6
+          cache-from: |
+            type=registry,ref=ollama/release:cache-${{ matrix.arch }}-${{ matrix.target }}
+            type=registry,ref=${{ vars.DOCKER_REPO }}:latest
+          cache-to: type=registry,ref=ollama/release:cache-${{ matrix.arch }}-${{ matrix.target }},mode=max
+
+  # Build each Docker variant (OS, arch, and flavor) separately. Using QEMU is unreliable and slower.
+  # Heavy stages were pre-built by linux-depends; this job is cache-hit-only for those layers
+  # and just assembles, runs the Go build, and pushes the final image.
+  docker-build-push:
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          - os: linux
+            arch: arm64
+            build-args: |
+              CGO_CFLAGS
+              CGO_CXXFLAGS
+              GOFLAGS
+              APT_MIRROR=http://azure.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu
+              OLLAMA_MLX_BUILD_JOBS=16
+              OLLAMA_MLX_NVCC_THREADS=6
+            cache-from: |
+              type=registry,ref=${{ vars.DOCKER_REPO }}:latest
+              type=registry,ref=ollama/release:cache-arm64-cpu
+              type=registry,ref=ollama/release:cache-arm64-cuda-12
+              type=registry,ref=ollama/release:cache-arm64-cuda-13
+              type=registry,ref=ollama/release:cache-arm64-jetpack-5
+              type=registry,ref=ollama/release:cache-arm64-jetpack-6
+          - os: linux
+            arch: amd64
+            build-args: |
+              CGO_CFLAGS
+              CGO_CXXFLAGS
+              GOFLAGS
+              APT_MIRROR=http://azure.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu
+              OLLAMA_MLX_BUILD_JOBS=16
+              OLLAMA_MLX_NVCC_THREADS=6
+            cache-from: |
+              type=registry,ref=${{ vars.DOCKER_REPO }}:latest
+              type=registry,ref=ollama/release:cache-amd64-cpu
+              type=registry,ref=ollama/release:cache-amd64-cuda-12
+              type=registry,ref=ollama/release:cache-amd64-cuda-13
+              type=registry,ref=ollama/release:cache-amd64-mlx
+              type=registry,ref=ollama/release:cache-amd64-vulkan
+          - os: linux
+            arch: amd64
+            suffix: '-rocm'
+            build-args: |
+              CGO_CFLAGS
+              CGO_CXXFLAGS
+              GOFLAGS
+              FLAVOR=rocm
+              APT_MIRROR=http://azure.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu
+              OLLAMA_MLX_BUILD_JOBS=16
+              OLLAMA_MLX_NVCC_THREADS=6
+            cache-from: |
+              type=registry,ref=${{ vars.DOCKER_REPO }}:latest
+              type=registry,ref=ollama/release:cache-amd64-cpu
+              type=registry,ref=ollama/release:cache-amd64-rocm-7
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.arch == 'arm64' && format('{0}-{1}', matrix.os, matrix.arch) || matrix.os }}
+    environment: release
+    needs: [setup-environment, linux-depends]
+    env:
+      GOFLAGS: ${{ needs.setup-environment.outputs.GOFLAGS }}
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
+      - uses: docker/login-action@v3
+        with:
+          username: ${{ vars.DOCKER_USER }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_ACCESS_TOKEN }}
+      - id: build-push
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
+        with:
+          context: .
+          platforms: ${{ matrix.os }}/${{ matrix.arch }}
+          provenance: false
+          sbom: false
+          build-args: ${{ matrix.build-args }}
+          outputs: type=image,name=${{ vars.DOCKER_REPO }},push-by-digest=true,name-canonical=true,push=true
+          cache-from: ${{ matrix.cache-from }}
+          cache-to: type=inline
+      - run: |
+          mkdir -p ${{ matrix.os }}-${{ matrix.arch }}
+          echo "${{ steps.build-push.outputs.digest }}" >${{ matrix.os }}-${{ matrix.arch }}-${{ matrix.suffix }}.txt
+        working-directory: ${{ runner.temp }}
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: digest-${{ matrix.os }}-${{ matrix.arch }}-${{ matrix.suffix }}
+          path: |
+            ${{ runner.temp }}/${{ matrix.os }}-${{ matrix.arch }}-${{ matrix.suffix }}.txt
+      # Re-run buildx with --target archive against buildkit's local cache to
+      # extract the release directory layout.  All upstream stages were just
+      # built above, so this is a cache-hit-only pass that just writes files.
+      - uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
+        with:
+          context: .
+          platforms: ${{ matrix.os }}/${{ matrix.arch }}
+          target: archive
+          provenance: false
+          sbom: false
+          build-args: ${{ matrix.build-args }}
+          outputs: type=local,dest=dist/${{ matrix.os }}-${{ matrix.arch }}
+          cache-from: ${{ matrix.cache-from }}
+      - name: Deduplicate CUDA libraries
+        run: |
+          ./scripts/deduplicate_cuda_libs.sh dist/${{ matrix.os }}-${{ matrix.arch }}
+      - run: |
+          for COMPONENT in bin/* lib/ollama/*; do
+            case "$COMPONENT" in
+              bin/ollama*)               echo $COMPONENT >>ollama-${{ matrix.os }}-${{ matrix.arch }}.tar.in ;;
+              lib/ollama/*.so*)          echo $COMPONENT >>ollama-${{ matrix.os }}-${{ matrix.arch }}.tar.in ;;
+              lib/ollama/cuda_v*)        echo $COMPONENT >>ollama-${{ matrix.os }}-${{ matrix.arch }}.tar.in ;;
+              lib/ollama/vulkan*)        echo $COMPONENT >>ollama-${{ matrix.os }}-${{ matrix.arch }}.tar.in ;;
+              lib/ollama/mlx*)           echo $COMPONENT >>ollama-${{ matrix.os }}-${{ matrix.arch }}-mlx.tar.in ;;
+              lib/ollama/include*)       echo $COMPONENT >>ollama-${{ matrix.os }}-${{ matrix.arch }}.tar.in ;;
+              lib/ollama/cuda_jetpack5)  echo $COMPONENT >>ollama-${{ matrix.os }}-${{ matrix.arch }}-jetpack5.tar.in ;;
+              lib/ollama/cuda_jetpack6)  echo $COMPONENT >>ollama-${{ matrix.os }}-${{ matrix.arch }}-jetpack6.tar.in ;;
+              lib/ollama/rocm)           echo $COMPONENT >>ollama-${{ matrix.os }}-${{ matrix.arch }}-rocm.tar.in ;;
+            esac
+          done
+        working-directory: dist/${{ matrix.os }}-${{ matrix.arch }}
+      # rocm builds cpu + rocm libs for the container image, which
+      # creates a CPU-only amd64 tarball that would collide with the full
+      # bundle when the release job merges artifacts.
+      - if: matrix.suffix == '-rocm'
+        run: rm -f dist/${{ matrix.os }}-${{ matrix.arch }}/ollama-${{ matrix.os }}-${{ matrix.arch }}.tar.in
+      - run: |
+          echo "Manifests"
+          for ARCHIVE in dist/${{ matrix.os }}-${{ matrix.arch }}/*.tar.in ; do
+            echo $ARCHIVE
+            cat $ARCHIVE
+          done
+      - run: |
+          for ARCHIVE in dist/${{ matrix.os }}-${{ matrix.arch }}/*.tar.in; do
+            tar c -C dist/${{ matrix.os }}-${{ matrix.arch }} -T $ARCHIVE --owner 0 --group 0 | zstd -19 -T0 >$(basename ${ARCHIVE//.*/}.tar.zst) &
+          done
+          wait
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: bundles-${{ matrix.os }}-${{ matrix.arch }}${{ matrix.suffix }}
+          path: |
+            *.tar.zst
+
+  # Merge Docker images for the same flavor into a single multi-arch manifest
+  docker-merge-push:
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        suffix: ['', '-rocm']
+    runs-on: linux
+    environment: release
+    needs: [docker-build-push]
+    steps:
+      - uses: docker/login-action@v3
+        with:
+          username: ${{ vars.DOCKER_USER }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_ACCESS_TOKEN }}
+      - id: metadata
+        uses: docker/metadata-action@v4
+        with:
+          flavor: |
+            latest=false
+            suffix=${{ matrix.suffix }}
+          images: |
+            ${{ vars.DOCKER_REPO }}
+          tags: |
+            type=ref,enable=true,priority=600,prefix=pr-,event=pr
+            type=semver,pattern={{version}}
+      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          pattern: digest-*
+          path: ${{ runner.temp }}
+          merge-multiple: true
+      - run: |
+          docker buildx imagetools create $(echo '${{ steps.metadata.outputs.json }}' | jq -cr '.tags | map("-t", .) | join(" ")') $(cat *-${{ matrix.suffix }}.txt | xargs printf '${{ vars.DOCKER_REPO }}@%s ')
+          docker buildx imagetools inspect ${{ vars.DOCKER_REPO }}:${{ steps.metadata.outputs.version }}
+        working-directory: ${{ runner.temp }}
+
+  # Final release process
+  release:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    environment: release
+    needs: [darwin-build, windows-app, docker-build-push]
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
+    env:
+      GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          pattern: bundles-*
+          path: dist
+          merge-multiple: true
+      - name: Log dist contents
+        run: |
+          ls -l dist/
+      - name: Copy install scripts to dist
+        run: |
+          cp scripts/install.sh dist/install.sh
+      - name: Generate checksum file
+        run: find . -type f -not -name 'sha256sum.txt' | xargs sha256sum | tee sha256sum.txt
+        working-directory: dist
+      - name: Create or update Release for tag
+        run: |
+          RELEASE_VERSION="$(echo ${GITHUB_REF_NAME} | cut -f1 -d-)"
+          echo "Looking for existing release for ${RELEASE_VERSION}"
+          OLD_TAG=$(gh release ls --json name,tagName | jq -r ".[] | select(.name == \"${RELEASE_VERSION}\") | .tagName")
+          if [ -n "$OLD_TAG" ]; then
+            echo "Updating release ${RELEASE_VERSION} to point to new tag ${GITHUB_REF_NAME}"
+            gh release edit ${OLD_TAG} --tag ${GITHUB_REF_NAME}
+          else
+            echo "Creating new release ${RELEASE_VERSION} pointing to tag ${GITHUB_REF_NAME}"
+            gh release create ${GITHUB_REF_NAME} \
+              --title ${RELEASE_VERSION} \
+              --draft \
+              --generate-notes \
+              --prerelease
+          fi
+      - name: Upload release artifacts
+        run: |
+          pids=()
+          for payload in dist/*.txt dist/*.zip dist/*.tgz dist/*.tar.zst dist/*.exe dist/*.dmg dist/*.ps1 dist/*.sh ; do
+            echo "Uploading $payload"
+            gh release upload ${GITHUB_REF_NAME} $payload --clobber &
+            pids+=($!)
+            sleep 1
+          done
+          echo "Waiting for uploads to complete"
+          failed=0
+          for pid in "${pids[@]}"; do
+            if ! wait $pid; then
+              echo "::error::Upload failed (pid $pid)"
+              failed=1
+            fi
+          done
+          if [ $failed -ne 0 ]; then
+            echo "One or more uploads failed"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          echo "done"
--- a/.github/workflows/test-install.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/test-install.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+name: test-install
+
+on:
+  pull_request:
+    paths:
+      - 'scripts/install.sh'
+      - '.github/workflows/test-install.yaml'
+
+jobs:
+  test:
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        os: [ubuntu-latest, macos-latest]
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Run install script
+        run: sh ./scripts/install.sh
+        env:
+          OLLAMA_NO_START: 1 # do not start app
+      - name: Verify ollama is available
+        run: ollama --version
--- a/.github/workflows/test.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/test.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,305 @@
+name: test
+
+concurrency:
+  # For PRs, later CI runs preempt previous ones. e.g. a force push on a PR
+  # cancels running CI jobs and starts all new ones.
+  #
+  # For non-PR pushes, concurrency.group needs to be unique for every distinct
+  # CI run we want to have happen. Use run_id, which in practice means all
+  # non-PR CI runs will be allowed to run without preempting each other.
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-$${{ github.pull_request.number || github.run_id }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+on:
+  pull_request:
+    paths:
+      - '**/*'
+      - '!docs/**'
+      - '!README.md'
+
+jobs:
+  changes:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    outputs:
+      changed: ${{ steps.changes.outputs.changed }}
+      app_changed: ${{ steps.changes.outputs.app_changed }}
+      vendorsha: ${{ steps.changes.outputs.vendorsha }}
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+      - id: changes
+        run: |
+          changed() {
+            local BASE=${{ github.event.pull_request.base.sha }}
+            local HEAD=${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
+            local MERGE_BASE=$(git merge-base $BASE $HEAD)
+            git diff-tree -r --no-commit-id --name-only "$MERGE_BASE" "$HEAD" \
+              | xargs python3 -c "import sys; from pathlib import Path; print(any(Path(x).match(glob) for x in sys.argv[1:] for glob in '$*'.split(' ')))"
+          }
+
+          echo changed=$(changed 'llama/llama.cpp/**/*' 'ml/backend/ggml/ggml/**/*' '.github/**/*') | tee -a $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo app_changed=$(changed 'app/**' 'app/**/*') | tee -a $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo vendorsha=$(make -f Makefile.sync print-base) | tee -a $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+
+  linux:
+    needs: [changes]
+    if: needs.changes.outputs.changed == 'True'
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          - preset: CPU
+          - preset: CUDA
+            container: nvidia/cuda:13.0.0-devel-ubuntu22.04
+            flags: '-DCMAKE_CUDA_ARCHITECTURES=87'
+          - preset: ROCm
+            container: rocm/dev-ubuntu-22.04:7.2.1
+            extra-packages: rocm-libs
+            flags: '-DAMDGPU_TARGETS=gfx1010 -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=/opt/rocm'
+          - preset: Vulkan
+            container: ubuntu:22.04
+            extra-packages: >
+              mesa-vulkan-drivers vulkan-tools
+              libvulkan1 libvulkan-dev
+              vulkan-sdk cmake ccache g++ make
+          - preset: 'MLX CUDA 13'
+            container: nvidia/cuda:13.0.0-devel-ubuntu22.04
+            extra-packages: libcudnn9-dev-cuda-13 libopenblas-dev liblapack-dev liblapacke-dev git curl
+            flags: '-DCMAKE_CUDA_ARCHITECTURES=87 -DMLX_CUDA_ARCHITECTURES=80-virtual -DBLAS_INCLUDE_DIRS=/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu -DLAPACK_INCLUDE_DIRS=/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu'
+            install-go: true
+    runs-on: linux
+    container: ${{ matrix.container }}
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - run: |
+          [ -n "${{ matrix.container }}" ] || sudo=sudo
+          $sudo apt-get update
+          # Add LunarG Vulkan SDK apt repo for Ubuntu 22.04
+          if [ "${{ matrix.preset }}" = "Vulkan" ]; then
+            $sudo apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends wget gnupg ca-certificates software-properties-common
+            wget -qO - https://packages.lunarg.com/lunarg-signing-key-pub.asc | $sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/lunarg-archive-keyring.gpg
+            # Use signed-by to bind the repo to the installed keyring to avoid NO_PUBKEY
+            echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/lunarg-archive-keyring.gpg]  https://packages.lunarg.com/vulkan/1.4.313 jammy main" | $sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/lunarg-vulkan-1.4.313-jammy.list > /dev/null
+            $sudo apt-get update
+          fi
+          $sudo apt-get install -y cmake ccache ${{ matrix.extra-packages }}
+          # MLX requires CMake 3.25+, install from official releases
+          if [ "${{ matrix.preset }}" = "MLX CUDA 13" ]; then
+            curl -fsSL https://github.com/Kitware/CMake/releases/download/v3.31.2/cmake-3.31.2-linux-$(uname -m).tar.gz | $sudo tar xz -C /usr/local --strip-components 1
+          fi
+          # Export VULKAN_SDK if provided by LunarG package (defensive)
+          if [ -d "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/vulkan" ] && [ "${{ matrix.preset }}" = "Vulkan" ]; then
+            echo "VULKAN_SDK=/usr" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          fi
+        env:
+          DEBIAN_FRONTEND: noninteractive
+      - if: matrix.install-go
+        name: Install Go
+        run: |
+          GO_VERSION=$(awk '/^go / { print $2 }' go.mod)
+          curl -fsSL "https://golang.org/dl/go${GO_VERSION}.linux-$(dpkg --print-architecture).tar.gz" | tar xz -C /usr/local
+          echo "/usr/local/go/bin" >> $GITHUB_PATH
+      - uses: actions/cache@v4
+        with:
+          path: /github/home/.cache/ccache
+          key: ccache-${{ runner.os }}-${{ runner.arch }}-${{ matrix.preset }}-${{ needs.changes.outputs.vendorsha }}
+      - run: |
+          cmake --preset "${{ matrix.preset }}" ${{ matrix.flags }}
+          cmake --build --preset "${{ matrix.preset }}" -- -l $(nproc)
+
+  windows:
+    needs: [changes]
+    if: needs.changes.outputs.changed == 'True'
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          - preset: CPU
+          - preset: CUDA
+            install: https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/13.0.0/local_installers/cuda_13.0.0_windows.exe
+            flags: '-DCMAKE_CUDA_ARCHITECTURES=80'
+            cuda-components:
+              - '"cudart"'
+              - '"nvcc"'
+              - '"cublas"'
+              - '"cublas_dev"'
+              - '"crt"'
+              - '"nvvm"'
+              - '"nvptxcompiler"'
+            cuda-version: '13.0'
+          - preset: ROCm
+            install: https://download.amd.com/developer/eula/rocm-hub/AMD-Software-PRO-Edition-24.Q4-WinSvr2022-For-HIP.exe
+            flags: '-DAMDGPU_TARGETS=gfx1010 -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=clang -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=clang++ -DCMAKE_C_FLAGS="-parallel-jobs=4 -Wno-ignored-attributes -Wno-deprecated-pragma" -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="-parallel-jobs=4 -Wno-ignored-attributes -Wno-deprecated-pragma"'
+          - preset: Vulkan
+            install: https://sdk.lunarg.com/sdk/download/1.4.321.1/windows/vulkansdk-windows-X64-1.4.321.1.exe
+          - preset: 'MLX CUDA 13'
+            install: https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/13.0.0/local_installers/cuda_13.0.0_windows.exe
+            cudnn-install: https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cudnn/redist/cudnn/windows-x86_64/cudnn-windows-x86_64-9.18.1.3_cuda13-archive.zip
+            flags: '-DCMAKE_CUDA_ARCHITECTURES=80 -DMLX_CUDA_ARCHITECTURES=80-virtual'
+            cuda-components:
+              - '"cudart"'
+              - '"nvcc"'
+              - '"cublas"'
+              - '"cublas_dev"'
+              - '"cufft"'
+              - '"cufft_dev"'
+              - '"nvrtc"'
+              - '"nvrtc_dev"'
+              - '"crt"'
+              - '"nvvm"'
+              - '"nvptxcompiler"'
+            cuda-version: '13.0'
+    runs-on: windows
+    steps:
+      - run: |
+          choco install -y --no-progress ccache ninja
+          if (Get-Command ccache -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) {
+            ccache -o cache_dir=${{ github.workspace }}\.ccache
+          }
+      - if: matrix.preset == 'CUDA' || matrix.preset == 'ROCm' || matrix.preset == 'Vulkan' || matrix.preset == 'MLX CUDA 13'
+        id: cache-install
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        with:
+          path: |
+            C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA
+            C:\Program Files\AMD\ROCm
+            C:\VulkanSDK
+            C:\Program Files\NVIDIA\CUDNN
+          key: ${{ matrix.install }}-${{ matrix.cudnn-install }}
+      - if: matrix.preset == 'CUDA' || matrix.preset == 'MLX CUDA 13'
+        name: Install CUDA ${{ matrix.cuda-version }}
+        run: |
+          $ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
+          if ("${{ steps.cache-install.outputs.cache-hit }}" -ne 'true') {
+            Invoke-WebRequest -Uri "${{ matrix.install }}" -OutFile "install.exe"
+            $subpackages = @(${{ join(matrix.cuda-components, ', ') }}) | Foreach-Object {"${_}_${{ matrix.cuda-version }}"}
+            Start-Process -FilePath .\install.exe -ArgumentList (@("-s") + $subpackages) -NoNewWindow -Wait
+          }
+
+          $cudaPath = (Resolve-Path "C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\*").path
+          echo "$cudaPath\bin" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_PATH -Encoding utf8 -Append
+      - if: matrix.preset == 'ROCm'
+        name: Install ROCm ${{ matrix.rocm-version }}
+        run: |
+          $ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
+          if ("${{ steps.cache-install.outputs.cache-hit }}" -ne 'true') {
+            Invoke-WebRequest -Uri "${{ matrix.install }}" -OutFile "install.exe"
+            Start-Process -FilePath .\install.exe -ArgumentList '-install' -NoNewWindow -Wait
+          }
+
+          $hipPath = (Resolve-Path "C:\Program Files\AMD\ROCm\*").path
+          echo "$hipPath\bin" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_PATH -Encoding utf8 -Append
+          echo "CC=$hipPath\bin\clang.exe" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_ENV -Append
+          echo "CXX=$hipPath\bin\clang++.exe" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_ENV -Append
+          echo "HIPCXX=$hipPath\bin\clang++.exe" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_ENV -Append
+          echo "HIP_PLATFORM=amd" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_ENV -Append
+          echo "CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=$hipPath" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_ENV -Append
+      - if: matrix.preset == 'Vulkan'
+        name: Install Vulkan ${{ matrix.rocm-version }}
+        run: |
+          $ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
+          if ("${{ steps.cache-install.outputs.cache-hit }}" -ne 'true') {
+            Invoke-WebRequest -Uri "${{ matrix.install }}" -OutFile "install.exe"
+            Start-Process -FilePath .\install.exe -ArgumentList "-c","--am","--al","in" -NoNewWindow -Wait
+          }
+
+          $vulkanPath = (Resolve-Path "C:\VulkanSDK\*").path
+          echo "$vulkanPath\bin" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_PATH -Encoding utf8 -Append
+          echo "VULKAN_SDK=$vulkanPath" >> $env:GITHUB_ENV
+      - if: matrix.preset == 'MLX CUDA 13'
+        name: Install cuDNN for MLX
+        run: |
+          $ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
+          $cudnnRoot = "C:\Program Files\NVIDIA\CUDNN"
+          if ("${{ steps.cache-install.outputs.cache-hit }}" -ne 'true') {
+            Invoke-WebRequest -Uri "${{ matrix.cudnn-install }}" -OutFile "cudnn.zip"
+            Expand-Archive -Path cudnn.zip -DestinationPath cudnn-extracted
+            $cudnnDir = (Get-ChildItem -Path cudnn-extracted -Directory)[0].FullName
+            New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path $cudnnRoot
+            Copy-Item -Path "$cudnnDir\*" -Destination "$cudnnRoot\" -Recurse
+          }
+
+          echo "CUDNN_ROOT_DIR=$cudnnRoot" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_ENV -Append
+          echo "CUDNN_INCLUDE_PATH=$cudnnRoot\include" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_ENV -Append
+          echo "CUDNN_LIBRARY_PATH=$cudnnRoot\lib\x64" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_ENV -Append
+          echo "$cudnnRoot\bin\x64" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_PATH -Encoding utf8 -Append
+      - if: ${{ !cancelled() && steps.cache-install.outputs.cache-hit != 'true' }}
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v4
+        with:
+          path: |
+            C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA
+            C:\Program Files\AMD\ROCm
+            C:\VulkanSDK
+            C:\Program Files\NVIDIA\CUDNN
+          key: ${{ matrix.install }}-${{ matrix.cudnn-install }}
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/cache@v4
+        with:
+          path: ${{ github.workspace }}\.ccache
+          key: ccache-${{ runner.os }}-${{ runner.arch }}-${{ matrix.preset }}-${{ needs.changes.outputs.vendorsha }}
+      - run: |
+          Import-Module 'C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Enterprise\Common7\Tools\Microsoft.VisualStudio.DevShell.dll'
+          Enter-VsDevShell -VsInstallPath 'C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Enterprise' -SkipAutomaticLocation  -DevCmdArguments '-arch=x64 -no_logo'
+          cmake --preset "${{ matrix.preset }}" ${{ matrix.flags }}
+          cmake --build --preset "${{ matrix.preset }}" -- -l $([Environment]::ProcessorCount)
+        env:
+          CMAKE_GENERATOR: Ninja
+
+  go_mod_tidy:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: check that 'go mod tidy' is clean
+        run: go mod tidy --diff || (echo "Please run 'go mod tidy'." && exit 1)
+
+  test:
+    needs: [changes]
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        os: [ubuntu-latest, macos-latest, windows-latest]
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+    env:
+      CGO_ENABLED: '1'
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        with:
+          go-version-file: 'go.mod'
+          cache-dependency-path: |
+            go.sum
+            Makefile.sync
+      - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+        with:
+          node-version: '20'
+      - name: Install UI dependencies
+        working-directory: ./app/ui/app
+        run: npm ci
+      - name: Install tscriptify
+        run: |
+          go install github.com/tkrajina/typescriptify-golang-structs/tscriptify@latest
+      - name: Run UI tests
+        if: ${{ startsWith(matrix.os, 'ubuntu') }}
+        working-directory: ./app/ui/app
+        run: npm test
+      - name: Run go generate
+        run: go generate ./...
+
+      - name: go test
+        if: always()
+        run: go test -count=1 -benchtime=1x ./...
+
+      - name: go test app with live updater tag
+        if: ${{ needs.changes.outputs.app_changed == 'True' && contains(fromJSON('["macos-latest","windows-latest"]'), matrix.os) }}
+        run: go test -count=1 -tags updater_live ./app/...
+
+      - uses: golangci/golangci-lint-action@v9
+        with:
+          only-new-issues: true
+
+  patches:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Verify patches apply cleanly and do not change files
+        run: |
+          make -f Makefile.sync clean checkout apply-patches sync
+          git diff --compact-summary --exit-code
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+.DS_Store
+.vscode
+.env
+.venv
+.swp
+dist
+build
+.cache
+.gocache
+*.exe
+.idea
+test_data
+*.crt
+__debug_bin*
+llama/build
+llama/vendor
+/ollama
+integration/testdata/models/
--- a/.golangci.yaml
+++ b/.golangci.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+version: "2"
+linters:
+  enable:
+    - asasalint
+    - bidichk
+    - bodyclose
+    - containedctx
+    - gocheckcompilerdirectives
+    - intrange
+    - makezero
+    - misspell
+    - nilerr
+    - nolintlint
+    - nosprintfhostport
+    - unconvert
+    - usetesting
+    - wastedassign
+    - whitespace
+  disable:
+    - errcheck
+    - usestdlibvars
+  settings:
+    govet:
+      disable:
+        - unusedresult
+    staticcheck:
+      checks:
+        - all
+        - -QF* # disable quick fix suggestions
+        - -SA1019
+        - -ST1000 # package comment format
+        - -ST1003 # underscores in package names
+        - -ST1005 # error strings should not be capitalized
+        - -ST1012 # error var naming (ErrFoo)
+        - -ST1016 # receiver name consistency
+        - -ST1020 # comment on exported function format
+        - -ST1021 # comment on exported type format
+        - -ST1022 # comment on exported var format
+        - -ST1023 # omit type from declaration
+severity:
+  default: error
+  rules:
+    - linters:
+        - gofmt
+        - goimports
+        - intrange
+      severity: info
+formatters:
+  enable:
+    - gofmt
+    - gofumpt
--- a/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,377 @@
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.21)
+
+project(Ollama C CXX)
+
+# Handle cross-compilation on macOS: when CMAKE_OSX_ARCHITECTURES is set to a
+# single architecture different from the host, override CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR
+# to match. This is necessary because CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR defaults to the
+# host architecture, but downstream projects (like MLX) use it to detect the
+# target architecture.
+if(CMAKE_OSX_ARCHITECTURES AND NOT CMAKE_OSX_ARCHITECTURES MATCHES ";")
+    # Single architecture specified
+    if(CMAKE_OSX_ARCHITECTURES STREQUAL "x86_64" AND NOT CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR STREQUAL "x86_64")
+        message(STATUS "Cross-compiling for x86_64: overriding CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR from ${CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR} to x86_64")
+        set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR "x86_64")
+    elseif(CMAKE_OSX_ARCHITECTURES STREQUAL "arm64" AND NOT CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR STREQUAL "arm64")
+        message(STATUS "Cross-compiling for arm64: overriding CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR from ${CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR} to arm64")
+        set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR "arm64")
+    endif()
+endif()
+
+include(CheckLanguage)
+include(GNUInstallDirs)
+
+find_package(Threads REQUIRED)
+
+set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE Release)
+set(BUILD_SHARED_LIBS ON)
+
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
+set(CMAKE_CXX_EXTENSIONS ON) # Recent versions of MLX Requires gnu++17 extensions to compile properly
+
+set(GGML_BUILD ON)
+set(GGML_SHARED ON)
+set(GGML_CCACHE ON)
+set(GGML_BACKEND_DL ON)
+set(GGML_BACKEND_SHARED ON)
+set(GGML_SCHED_MAX_COPIES 4)
+
+set(GGML_LLAMAFILE ON)
+set(GGML_CUDA_PEER_MAX_BATCH_SIZE 128)
+set(GGML_CUDA_GRAPHS ON)
+set(GGML_CUDA_FA ON)
+set(GGML_CUDA_COMPRESSION_MODE default)
+
+if((CMAKE_OSX_ARCHITECTURES AND NOT CMAKE_OSX_ARCHITECTURES MATCHES "arm64")
+    OR (NOT CMAKE_OSX_ARCHITECTURES AND NOT CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR MATCHES "arm|aarch64|ARM64|ARMv[0-9]+"))
+    set(GGML_CPU_ALL_VARIANTS ON)
+endif()
+
+if(APPLE)
+    set(CMAKE_BUILD_RPATH "@loader_path")
+    set(CMAKE_INSTALL_RPATH "@loader_path")
+    set(CMAKE_BUILD_WITH_INSTALL_RPATH ON)
+endif()
+
+set(OLLAMA_BUILD_DIR ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/lib/ollama)
+set(OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR ${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/lib/ollama/${OLLAMA_RUNNER_DIR})
+
+set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY         ${OLLAMA_BUILD_DIR})
+set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY_DEBUG   ${OLLAMA_BUILD_DIR})
+set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY_RELEASE ${OLLAMA_BUILD_DIR})
+set(CMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY         ${OLLAMA_BUILD_DIR})
+set(CMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY_DEBUG   ${OLLAMA_BUILD_DIR})
+set(CMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY_RELEASE ${OLLAMA_BUILD_DIR})
+
+# Store ggml include paths for use with target_include_directories later.
+# We avoid global include_directories() to prevent polluting the include path
+# for other projects like MLX (whose openblas dependency has its own common.h).
+set(GGML_INCLUDE_DIRS
+    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/ml/backend/ggml/ggml/src
+    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/ml/backend/ggml/ggml/src/include
+    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/ml/backend/ggml/ggml/src/ggml-cpu
+    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/ml/backend/ggml/ggml/src/ggml-cpu/amx
+)
+
+add_compile_definitions(NDEBUG GGML_VERSION=0x0 GGML_COMMIT=0x0)
+
+# Define GGML version variables for shared library SOVERSION
+# These are required by ggml/src/CMakeLists.txt for proper library versioning
+set(GGML_VERSION_MAJOR 0)
+set(GGML_VERSION_MINOR 0)
+set(GGML_VERSION_PATCH 0)
+set(GGML_VERSION "${GGML_VERSION_MAJOR}.${GGML_VERSION_MINOR}.${GGML_VERSION_PATCH}")
+
+set(GGML_CPU ON)
+add_subdirectory(${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/ml/backend/ggml/ggml/src)
+set_property(TARGET ggml PROPERTY EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL TRUE)
+
+get_target_property(CPU_VARIANTS ggml-cpu MANUALLY_ADDED_DEPENDENCIES)
+if(NOT CPU_VARIANTS)
+    set(CPU_VARIANTS "ggml-cpu")
+endif()
+
+# Apply ggml include directories to ggml targets only (not globally)
+target_include_directories(ggml-base PRIVATE ${GGML_INCLUDE_DIRS})
+foreach(variant ${CPU_VARIANTS})
+    if(TARGET ${variant})
+        target_include_directories(${variant} PRIVATE ${GGML_INCLUDE_DIRS})
+    endif()
+endforeach()
+
+install(TARGETS ggml-base ${CPU_VARIANTS}
+    RUNTIME_DEPENDENCIES
+        PRE_EXCLUDE_REGEXES ".*"
+    RUNTIME DESTINATION ${OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR} COMPONENT CPU
+    LIBRARY DESTINATION ${OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR} COMPONENT CPU
+    FRAMEWORK DESTINATION ${OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR} COMPONENT CPU
+)
+
+check_language(CUDA)
+if(CMAKE_CUDA_COMPILER)
+    if(CMAKE_VERSION VERSION_GREATER_EQUAL "3.24" AND NOT CMAKE_CUDA_ARCHITECTURES)
+        set(CMAKE_CUDA_ARCHITECTURES "native")
+    endif()
+
+    find_package(CUDAToolkit)
+    add_subdirectory(${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/ml/backend/ggml/ggml/src/ggml-cuda)
+    target_include_directories(ggml-cuda PRIVATE ${GGML_INCLUDE_DIRS})
+    install(TARGETS ggml-cuda
+        RUNTIME_DEPENDENCIES
+            DIRECTORIES ${CUDAToolkit_BIN_DIR} ${CUDAToolkit_BIN_DIR}/x64 ${CUDAToolkit_LIBRARY_DIR}
+            PRE_INCLUDE_REGEXES cublas cublasLt cudart
+            PRE_EXCLUDE_REGEXES ".*"
+        RUNTIME DESTINATION ${OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR} COMPONENT CUDA
+        LIBRARY DESTINATION ${OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR} COMPONENT CUDA
+    )
+endif()
+
+set(WINDOWS_AMDGPU_TARGETS_EXCLUDE_REGEX "^gfx(908|90a|1200|1201):xnack[+-]$"
+    CACHE STRING
+    "Regular expression describing AMDGPU_TARGETS not supported on Windows. Override to force building these targets. Default \"^gfx(908|90a|1200|1201):xnack[+-]$\"."
+)
+
+check_language(HIP)
+if(CMAKE_HIP_COMPILER)
+    set(HIP_PLATFORM "amd")
+
+    if(NOT AMDGPU_TARGETS)
+        find_package(hip REQUIRED)
+        list(FILTER AMDGPU_TARGETS INCLUDE REGEX "^gfx(94[012]|101[02]|1030|110[012]|120[01])$")
+    endif()
+
+    if(WIN32 AND WINDOWS_AMDGPU_TARGETS_EXCLUDE_REGEX)
+        list(FILTER AMDGPU_TARGETS EXCLUDE REGEX ${WINDOWS_AMDGPU_TARGETS_EXCLUDE_REGEX})
+    endif()
+
+    if(AMDGPU_TARGETS)
+        find_package(hip REQUIRED)
+        add_subdirectory(${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/ml/backend/ggml/ggml/src/ggml-hip)
+        target_include_directories(ggml-hip PRIVATE ${GGML_INCLUDE_DIRS})
+
+        if (WIN32)
+            target_compile_definitions(ggml-hip PRIVATE GGML_CUDA_NO_PEER_COPY)
+        endif()
+
+        target_compile_definitions(ggml-hip PRIVATE GGML_HIP_NO_VMM)
+
+        install(TARGETS ggml-hip
+            RUNTIME_DEPENDENCY_SET rocm
+            RUNTIME DESTINATION ${OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR} COMPONENT HIP
+            LIBRARY DESTINATION ${OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR} COMPONENT HIP
+        )
+        install(RUNTIME_DEPENDENCY_SET rocm
+                DIRECTORIES ${HIP_BIN_INSTALL_DIR} ${HIP_LIB_INSTALL_DIR}
+                PRE_INCLUDE_REGEXES hipblas rocblas amdhip64 rocsolver amd_comgr hsa-runtime64 rocsparse tinfo rocprofiler-register roctx64 rocroller drm drm_amdgpu numa elf
+                PRE_EXCLUDE_REGEXES ".*"
+                POST_EXCLUDE_REGEXES "system32"
+            RUNTIME DESTINATION ${OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR} COMPONENT HIP
+            LIBRARY DESTINATION ${OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR} COMPONENT HIP
+        )
+
+        foreach(HIP_LIB_BIN_INSTALL_DIR IN ITEMS ${HIP_BIN_INSTALL_DIR} ${HIP_LIB_INSTALL_DIR})
+            if(EXISTS ${HIP_LIB_BIN_INSTALL_DIR}/rocblas)
+                install(DIRECTORY ${HIP_LIB_BIN_INSTALL_DIR}/rocblas DESTINATION ${OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR} COMPONENT HIP)
+                break()
+            endif()
+        endforeach()
+    endif()
+endif()
+
+if(NOT APPLE)
+    find_package(Vulkan)
+    if(Vulkan_FOUND)
+        add_subdirectory(${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/ml/backend/ggml/ggml/src/ggml-vulkan)
+        target_include_directories(ggml-vulkan PRIVATE ${GGML_INCLUDE_DIRS})
+        install(TARGETS ggml-vulkan
+            RUNTIME_DEPENDENCIES
+                PRE_INCLUDE_REGEXES vulkan
+                PRE_EXCLUDE_REGEXES ".*"
+            RUNTIME DESTINATION ${OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR} COMPONENT Vulkan
+            LIBRARY DESTINATION ${OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR} COMPONENT Vulkan
+        )
+    endif()
+endif()
+
+option(MLX_ENGINE "Enable MLX backend" OFF)
+if(MLX_ENGINE)
+    message(STATUS "Setting up MLX (this takes a while...)")
+    add_subdirectory(${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/x/imagegen/mlx)
+
+    # Find CUDA toolkit if MLX is built with CUDA support
+    find_package(CUDAToolkit)
+
+    # Build list of directories for runtime dependency resolution
+    set(MLX_RUNTIME_DIRS ${CUDAToolkit_BIN_DIR} ${CUDAToolkit_BIN_DIR}/x64 ${CUDAToolkit_LIBRARY_DIR})
+    # Add cuDNN bin paths for DLLs (Windows MLX CUDA builds)
+    # CUDNN_ROOT_DIR is the standard CMake variable for cuDNN location
+    if(DEFINED ENV{CUDNN_ROOT_DIR})
+        # cuDNN 9.x has versioned subdirectories under bin/ (e.g., bin/13.0/)
+        file(GLOB CUDNN_BIN_SUBDIRS "$ENV{CUDNN_ROOT_DIR}/bin/*")
+        list(APPEND MLX_RUNTIME_DIRS ${CUDNN_BIN_SUBDIRS})
+    endif()
+    # Add build output directory and MLX dependency build directories
+    list(APPEND MLX_RUNTIME_DIRS ${OLLAMA_BUILD_DIR})
+    # OpenBLAS DLL location (pre-built zip extracts into openblas-src/bin/)
+    list(APPEND MLX_RUNTIME_DIRS ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/_deps/openblas-src/bin)
+    # NCCL: on Linux, if real NCCL is found, cmake bundles libnccl.so via the
+    # regex below. If NCCL is not found, MLX links a static stub (OBJECT lib)
+    # so there is no runtime dependency. This path covers the stub build dir
+    # for windows so we include the DLL in our dependencies.
+    list(APPEND MLX_RUNTIME_DIRS ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/_deps/mlx-build/mlx/distributed/nccl/nccl_stub-prefix/src/nccl_stub-build/Release)
+
+    # Base regexes for runtime dependencies (cross-platform)
+    set(MLX_INCLUDE_REGEXES cublas cublasLt cudart cufft nvrtc nvrtc-builtins cudnn nccl openblas gfortran)
+    # On Windows, also include dl.dll (dlfcn-win32 POSIX emulation layer)
+    if(WIN32)
+        list(APPEND MLX_INCLUDE_REGEXES "^dl\\.dll$")
+    endif()
+
+    # Split mlx/mlxc libraries from runtime deps to avoid stripping deps
+    install(TARGETS mlx mlxc
+        RUNTIME_DEPENDENCY_SET mlx_runtime_deps
+        RUNTIME DESTINATION ${OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR} COMPONENT MLX
+        LIBRARY DESTINATION ${OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR} COMPONENT MLX
+        FRAMEWORK DESTINATION ${OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR} COMPONENT MLX
+    )
+    install(RUNTIME_DEPENDENCY_SET mlx_runtime_deps
+        DIRECTORIES ${MLX_RUNTIME_DIRS}
+        PRE_INCLUDE_REGEXES ${MLX_INCLUDE_REGEXES}
+        PRE_EXCLUDE_REGEXES ".*"
+        RUNTIME DESTINATION ${OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR} COMPONENT MLX_VENDOR
+        LIBRARY DESTINATION ${OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR} COMPONENT MLX_VENDOR
+    )
+
+    if(TARGET jaccl)
+        install(TARGETS jaccl
+            RUNTIME DESTINATION ${OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR} COMPONENT MLX
+            LIBRARY DESTINATION ${OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR} COMPONENT MLX
+            FRAMEWORK DESTINATION ${OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR} COMPONENT MLX
+        )
+    endif()
+
+    # Install the Metal library for macOS arm64 (must be colocated with the binary)
+    # Metal backend is only built for arm64, not x86_64
+    if(APPLE AND CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR STREQUAL "arm64")
+        install(FILES ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/_deps/mlx-build/mlx/backend/metal/kernels/mlx.metallib
+            DESTINATION ${OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR}
+            COMPONENT MLX)
+    endif()
+
+    # Install headers for NVRTC JIT compilation at runtime.
+    # MLX's own install rules use the default component so they get skipped by
+    # --component MLX. Headers are installed alongside libmlx in OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR.
+    #
+    # Layout:
+    #   ${OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR}/include/cccl/{cuda,nv}/  — CCCL headers
+    #   ${OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR}/include/*.h               — CUDA toolkit headers
+    #
+    # MLX's jit_module.cpp resolves CCCL via
+    #   current_binary_dir()[.parent_path()] / "include" / "cccl"
+    # On Linux, MLX's jit_module.cpp resolves CCCL via
+    #   current_binary_dir().parent_path() / "include" / "cccl", so we create a
+    #   symlink from lib/ollama/include -> ${OLLAMA_RUNNER_DIR}/include
+    #   This will need refinement if we add multiple CUDA versions for MLX in the future.
+    # CUDA runtime headers are found via CUDA_PATH env var (set by mlxrunner).
+    if(EXISTS ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/_deps/cccl-src/include/cuda)
+        install(DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/_deps/cccl-src/include/cuda
+            DESTINATION ${OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR}/include/cccl
+            COMPONENT MLX)
+        install(DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/_deps/cccl-src/include/nv
+            DESTINATION ${OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR}/include/cccl
+            COMPONENT MLX)
+        if(NOT WIN32 AND NOT APPLE)
+            install(CODE "
+                set(_link \"${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/lib/ollama/include\")
+                set(_target \"${OLLAMA_RUNNER_DIR}/include\")
+                if(NOT EXISTS \${_link})
+                    execute_process(COMMAND \${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E create_symlink \${_target} \${_link})
+                endif()
+            " COMPONENT MLX)
+        endif()
+    endif()
+
+    # Install minimal CUDA toolkit headers needed by MLX JIT kernels.
+    # These are the transitive closure of includes from mlx/backend/cuda/device/*.cuh.
+    # The Go mlxrunner sets CUDA_PATH to OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR so MLX finds them at
+    # $CUDA_PATH/include/*.h via NVRTC --include-path.
+    if(CUDAToolkit_FOUND)
+        # CUDAToolkit_INCLUDE_DIRS may be a semicolon-separated list
+        # (e.g. ".../include;.../include/cccl"). Find the entry that
+        # contains the CUDA runtime headers we need.
+        set(_cuda_inc "")
+        foreach(_dir ${CUDAToolkit_INCLUDE_DIRS})
+            if(EXISTS "${_dir}/cuda_runtime_api.h")
+                set(_cuda_inc "${_dir}")
+                break()
+            endif()
+        endforeach()
+        if(NOT _cuda_inc)
+            message(WARNING "Could not find cuda_runtime_api.h in CUDAToolkit_INCLUDE_DIRS: ${CUDAToolkit_INCLUDE_DIRS}")
+        else()
+            set(_dst "${OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR}/include")
+            set(_MLX_JIT_CUDA_HEADERS
+                builtin_types.h
+                cooperative_groups.h
+                cuda_bf16.h
+                cuda_bf16.hpp
+                cuda_device_runtime_api.h
+                cuda_fp16.h
+                cuda_fp16.hpp
+                cuda_fp8.h
+                cuda_fp8.hpp
+                cuda_runtime_api.h
+                device_types.h
+                driver_types.h
+                math_constants.h
+                surface_types.h
+                texture_types.h
+                vector_functions.h
+                vector_functions.hpp
+                vector_types.h
+            )
+            foreach(_hdr ${_MLX_JIT_CUDA_HEADERS})
+                install(FILES "${_cuda_inc}/${_hdr}"
+                    DESTINATION ${_dst}
+                    COMPONENT MLX)
+            endforeach()
+            # Subdirectory headers
+            install(DIRECTORY "${_cuda_inc}/cooperative_groups"
+                DESTINATION ${_dst}
+                COMPONENT MLX
+                FILES_MATCHING PATTERN "*.h")
+            install(FILES "${_cuda_inc}/crt/host_defines.h"
+                DESTINATION "${_dst}/crt"
+                COMPONENT MLX)
+        endif()
+    endif()
+
+    # On Windows, explicitly install dl.dll (dlfcn-win32 POSIX dlopen emulation)
+    # RUNTIME_DEPENDENCIES auto-excludes it via POST_EXCLUDE_FILES_STRICT because
+    # dlfcn-win32 is a known CMake target with its own install rules (which install
+    # to the wrong destination). We must install it explicitly here.
+    if(WIN32)
+        install(FILES ${OLLAMA_BUILD_DIR}/dl.dll
+            DESTINATION ${OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR}
+            COMPONENT MLX)
+    endif()
+
+    # Manually install CUDA runtime libraries that MLX loads via dlopen
+    # (not detected by RUNTIME_DEPENDENCIES since they aren't link-time deps)
+    if(CUDAToolkit_FOUND)
+        file(GLOB MLX_CUDA_LIBS
+            "${CUDAToolkit_LIBRARY_DIR}/libcudart.so*"
+            "${CUDAToolkit_LIBRARY_DIR}/libcublas.so*"
+            "${CUDAToolkit_LIBRARY_DIR}/libcublasLt.so*"
+            "${CUDAToolkit_LIBRARY_DIR}/libnvrtc.so*"
+            "${CUDAToolkit_LIBRARY_DIR}/libnvrtc-builtins.so*"
+            "${CUDAToolkit_LIBRARY_DIR}/libcufft.so*"
+            "${CUDAToolkit_LIBRARY_DIR}/libcudnn.so*")
+        if(MLX_CUDA_LIBS)
+            install(FILES ${MLX_CUDA_LIBS}
+                DESTINATION ${OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR}
+                COMPONENT MLX_VENDOR)
+        endif()
+    endif()
+endif()
--- a/CMakePresets.json
+++ b/CMakePresets.json
@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+{
+  "version": 3,
+  "configurePresets": [
+    {
+      "name": "Default",
+      "binaryDir": "${sourceDir}/build",
+      "installDir": "${sourceDir}/dist",
+      "cacheVariables": {
+        "CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE": "Release",
+        "CMAKE_MSVC_RUNTIME_LIBRARY": "MultiThreaded"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "CPU",
+      "inherits": [ "Default" ]
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "CUDA",
+      "inherits": [ "Default" ]
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "CUDA 11",
+      "inherits": [ "CUDA" ],
+      "cacheVariables": {
+        "CMAKE_CUDA_ARCHITECTURES": "50-virtual;60-virtual;61-virtual;70-virtual;75-virtual;80-virtual;86-virtual;87-virtual;89-virtual;90-virtual",
+        "CMAKE_CUDA_FLAGS": "-Wno-deprecated-gpu-targets -t 2",
+        "OLLAMA_RUNNER_DIR": "cuda_v11"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "CUDA 12",
+      "inherits": [ "CUDA" ],
+      "cacheVariables": {
+        "CMAKE_CUDA_ARCHITECTURES": "50;52;60;61;70;75;80;86;89;90;90a;120",
+        "CMAKE_CUDA_FLAGS": "-Wno-deprecated-gpu-targets -t 2",
+        "OLLAMA_RUNNER_DIR": "cuda_v12"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "CUDA 13",
+      "inherits": [ "CUDA" ],
+      "cacheVariables": {
+        "CMAKE_CUDA_ARCHITECTURES": "75-virtual;80-virtual;86-virtual;87-virtual;89-virtual;90-virtual;90a-virtual;100-virtual;103-virtual;110-virtual;120-virtual;121-virtual",
+        "CMAKE_CUDA_FLAGS": "-t 2",
+        "OLLAMA_RUNNER_DIR": "cuda_v13"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "JetPack 5",
+      "inherits": [ "CUDA" ],
+      "cacheVariables": {
+        "CMAKE_CUDA_ARCHITECTURES": "72;87",
+        "OLLAMA_RUNNER_DIR": "cuda_jetpack5"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "JetPack 6",
+      "inherits": [ "CUDA" ],
+      "cacheVariables": {
+        "CMAKE_CUDA_ARCHITECTURES": "87",
+        "OLLAMA_RUNNER_DIR": "cuda_jetpack6"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "ROCm",
+      "inherits": [ "Default" ],
+      "cacheVariables": {
+        "CMAKE_HIP_PLATFORM": "amd"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "ROCm 6",
+      "inherits": [ "ROCm" ],
+      "cacheVariables": {
+        "CMAKE_HIP_FLAGS": "-parallel-jobs=4",
+        "AMDGPU_TARGETS": "gfx940;gfx941;gfx942;gfx1010;gfx1012;gfx1030;gfx1100;gfx1101;gfx1102;gfx1151;gfx1200;gfx1201;gfx908:xnack-;gfx90a:xnack+;gfx90a:xnack-",
+        "OLLAMA_RUNNER_DIR": "rocm"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "ROCm 7",
+      "inherits": [ "ROCm" ],
+      "cacheVariables": {
+        "CMAKE_HIP_FLAGS": "-parallel-jobs=4",
+        "AMDGPU_TARGETS": "gfx942;gfx950;gfx1010;gfx1012;gfx1030;gfx1100;gfx1101;gfx1102;gfx1103;gfx1150;gfx1151;gfx1200;gfx1201;gfx908:xnack-;gfx90a:xnack+;gfx90a:xnack-",
+        "OLLAMA_RUNNER_DIR": "rocm"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "Vulkan",
+      "inherits": [ "Default" ],
+      "cacheVariables": {
+        "OLLAMA_RUNNER_DIR": "vulkan"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "MLX",
+      "inherits": [ "Default" ],
+      "cacheVariables": {
+        "MLX_ENGINE": "ON",
+        "OLLAMA_RUNNER_DIR": "mlx"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "MLX CUDA 12",
+      "inherits": [ "MLX", "CUDA 12" ],
+      "cacheVariables": {
+        "OLLAMA_RUNNER_DIR": "mlx_cuda_v12"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "MLX CUDA 13",
+      "inherits": [ "MLX", "CUDA 13" ],
+      "cacheVariables": {
+        "MLX_CUDA_ARCHITECTURES": "75-virtual;80-virtual;86-virtual;89-virtual;90-virtual;90a-virtual;100-virtual;103-virtual;110-virtual;120-virtual;121-virtual",
+        "OLLAMA_RUNNER_DIR": "mlx_cuda_v13"
+      }
+    }
+  ],
+  "buildPresets": [
+    {
+      "name": "Default",
+      "configurePreset": "Default",
+      "configuration": "Release"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "CPU",
+      "configurePreset": "Default",
+      "targets": [ "ggml-cpu" ]
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "CUDA",
+      "configurePreset": "CUDA",
+      "targets": [ "ggml-cuda" ]
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "CUDA 11",
+      "inherits": [ "CUDA" ],
+      "configurePreset": "CUDA 11"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "CUDA 12",
+      "inherits": [ "CUDA" ],
+      "configurePreset": "CUDA 12"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "CUDA 13",
+      "inherits": [ "CUDA" ],
+      "configurePreset": "CUDA 13"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "JetPack 5",
+      "inherits": [ "CUDA" ],
+      "configurePreset": "JetPack 5"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "JetPack 6",
+      "inherits": [ "CUDA" ],
+      "configurePreset": "JetPack 6"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "ROCm",
+      "configurePreset": "ROCm",
+      "targets": [ "ggml-hip" ]
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "ROCm 6",
+      "inherits": [ "ROCm" ],
+      "configurePreset": "ROCm 6"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "ROCm 7",
+      "inherits": [ "ROCm" ],
+      "configurePreset": "ROCm 7"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "Vulkan",
+      "targets": [ "ggml-vulkan" ],
+      "configurePreset": "Vulkan"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "MLX",
+      "targets": [ "mlx", "mlxc" ],
+      "configurePreset": "MLX"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "MLX CUDA 12",
+      "targets": [ "mlx", "mlxc" ],
+      "configurePreset": "MLX CUDA 12"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "MLX CUDA 13",
+      "targets": [ "mlx", "mlxc" ],
+      "configurePreset": "MLX CUDA 13"
+    }
+  ]
+}
--- a/CONTRIBUTING.md
+++ b/CONTRIBUTING.md
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+# Contributing to Ollama
+
+Thank you for your interest in contributing to Ollama! Here are a few guidelines to help get you started.
+
+## Set up
+
+See the [development documentation](./docs/development.md) for instructions on how to build and run Ollama locally.
+
+### Ideal issues
+
+* [Bugs](https://github.com/ollama/ollama/issues?q=is%3Aissue+is%3Aopen+label%3Abug): issues where Ollama stops working or where it results in an unexpected error.
+* [Performance](https://github.com/ollama/ollama/issues?q=is%3Aissue+is%3Aopen+label%3Aperformance): issues to make Ollama faster at model inference, downloading or uploading.
+* [Security](https://github.com/ollama/ollama/blob/main/SECURITY.md): issues that could lead to a security vulnerability. As mentioned in [SECURITY.md](https://github.com/ollama/ollama/blob/main/SECURITY.md), please do not disclose security vulnerabilities publicly.
+
+### Issues that are harder to review
+
+* New features: new features (e.g. API fields, environment variables) add surface area to Ollama and make it harder to maintain in the long run as they cannot be removed without potentially breaking users in the future.
+* Refactoring: large code improvements are important, but can be harder or take longer to review and merge.
+* Documentation: small updates to fill in or correct missing documentation are helpful, however large documentation additions can be hard to maintain over time.
+
+### Issues that may not be accepted
+
+* Changes that break backwards compatibility in Ollama's API (including the OpenAI-compatible API)
+* Changes that add significant friction to the user experience
+* Changes that create a large future maintenance burden for maintainers and contributors
+
+## Proposing a (non-trivial) change
+
+> By "non-trivial", we mean a change that is not a bug fix or small
+> documentation update. If you are unsure, please ask us on our [Discord
+> server](https://discord.gg/ollama).
+
+Before opening a non-trivial Pull Request, please open an issue to discuss the change and
+get feedback from the maintainers. This helps us understand the context of the
+change and how it fits into Ollama's roadmap and prevents us from duplicating
+work or you from spending time on a change that we may not be able to accept.
+
+Tips for proposals:
+
+* Explain the problem you are trying to solve, not what you are trying to do.
+* Explain why the change is important.
+* Explain how the change will be used.
+* Explain how the change will be tested.
+
+Additionally, for bonus points: Provide draft documentation you would expect to
+see if the changes were accepted.
+
+## Pull requests
+
+**Commit messages**
+
+The title should look like:
+
+    <package>: <short description>
+
+The package is the most affected Go package. If the change does not affect Go
+code, then use the directory name instead. Changes to a single well-known
+file in the root directory may use the file name.
+
+The short description should start with a lowercase letter and be a
+continuation of the sentence:
+
+      "This changes Ollama to..."
+
+Examples:
+
+      llm/backend/mlx: support the llama architecture
+      CONTRIBUTING: provide clarity on good commit messages, and bad
+
+Bad Examples:
+
+      feat: add more emoji
+      fix: was not using famous web framework
+      chore: generify code
+
+**Tests**
+
+Please include tests. Strive to test behavior, not implementation.
+
+**New dependencies**
+
+Dependencies should be added sparingly. If you are adding a new dependency,
+please explain why it is necessary and what other ways you attempted that
+did not work without it.
+
+## Need help?
+
+If you need help with anything, feel free to reach out to us on our [Discord server](https://discord.gg/ollama).
--- a/235
+++ b/235
@@ -0,0 +1,235 @@
+# vim: filetype=dockerfile
+
+ARG FLAVOR=${TARGETARCH}
+
+ARG ROCMVERSION=7.2.1
+ARG JETPACK5VERSION=r35.4.1
+ARG JETPACK6VERSION=r36.4.0
+ARG CMAKEVERSION=3.31.2
+ARG NINJAVERSION=1.12.1
+ARG VULKANVERSION=1.4.321.1
+
+# Default empty stages for local MLX source overrides.
+# Override with: docker build --build-context local-mlx=../mlx --build-context local-mlx-c=../mlx-c
+FROM scratch AS local-mlx
+FROM scratch AS local-mlx-c
+
+FROM --platform=linux/amd64 rocm/dev-almalinux-8:${ROCMVERSION}-complete AS base-amd64
+RUN dnf install -y yum-utils ccache gcc-toolset-11-gcc gcc-toolset-11-gcc-c++ gcc-toolset-11-binutils \
+    && yum-config-manager --add-repo https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/rhel8/x86_64/cuda-rhel8.repo
+ENV PATH=/opt/rh/gcc-toolset-11/root/usr/bin:$PATH
+
+FROM --platform=linux/arm64 almalinux:8 AS base-arm64
+# install epel-release for ccache
+RUN yum install -y yum-utils epel-release \
+    && dnf install -y clang ccache git \
+    && yum-config-manager --add-repo https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/rhel8/sbsa/cuda-rhel8.repo
+ENV CC=clang CXX=clang++
+
+FROM base-${TARGETARCH} AS base
+ARG CMAKEVERSION
+ARG NINJAVERSION
+RUN curl -fsSL https://github.com/Kitware/CMake/releases/download/v${CMAKEVERSION}/cmake-${CMAKEVERSION}-linux-$(uname -m).tar.gz | tar xz -C /usr/local --strip-components 1
+RUN dnf install -y unzip \
+    && curl -fsSL -o /tmp/ninja.zip https://github.com/ninja-build/ninja/releases/download/v${NINJAVERSION}/ninja-linux$([ "$(uname -m)" = "aarch64" ] && echo "-aarch64").zip \
+    && unzip /tmp/ninja.zip -d /usr/local/bin \
+    && rm /tmp/ninja.zip
+ENV CMAKE_GENERATOR=Ninja
+ENV LDFLAGS=-s
+
+FROM base AS cpu
+RUN dnf install -y gcc-toolset-11-gcc gcc-toolset-11-gcc-c++
+ENV PATH=/opt/rh/gcc-toolset-11/root/usr/bin:$PATH
+COPY CMakeLists.txt CMakePresets.json .
+COPY ml/backend/ggml/ggml ml/backend/ggml/ggml
+RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.ccache \
+    cmake --preset 'CPU' \
+        && cmake --build --preset 'CPU' -- -l $(nproc) \
+        && cmake --install build --component CPU --strip
+
+FROM base AS cuda-11
+ARG CUDA11VERSION=11.8
+RUN dnf install -y cuda-toolkit-${CUDA11VERSION//./-}
+ENV PATH=/usr/local/cuda-11/bin:$PATH
+COPY CMakeLists.txt CMakePresets.json .
+COPY ml/backend/ggml/ggml ml/backend/ggml/ggml
+RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.ccache \
+    cmake --preset 'CUDA 11' \
+        && cmake --build --preset 'CUDA 11' -- -l $(nproc) \
+        && cmake --install build --component CUDA --strip
+
+FROM base AS cuda-12
+ARG CUDA12VERSION=12.8
+RUN dnf install -y cuda-toolkit-${CUDA12VERSION//./-}
+ENV PATH=/usr/local/cuda-12/bin:$PATH
+COPY CMakeLists.txt CMakePresets.json .
+COPY ml/backend/ggml/ggml ml/backend/ggml/ggml
+RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.ccache \
+    cmake --preset 'CUDA 12' \
+        && cmake --build --preset 'CUDA 12' -- -l $(nproc) \
+        && cmake --install build --component CUDA --strip
+
+
+FROM base AS cuda-13
+ARG CUDA13VERSION=13.0
+RUN dnf install -y cuda-toolkit-${CUDA13VERSION//./-}
+ENV PATH=/usr/local/cuda-13/bin:$PATH
+COPY CMakeLists.txt CMakePresets.json .
+COPY ml/backend/ggml/ggml ml/backend/ggml/ggml
+RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.ccache \
+    cmake --preset 'CUDA 13' \
+        && cmake --build --preset 'CUDA 13' -- -l $(nproc) \
+        && cmake --install build --component CUDA --strip
+
+
+FROM base AS rocm-7
+ENV PATH=/opt/rocm/hcc/bin:/opt/rocm/hip/bin:/opt/rocm/bin:/opt/rocm/hcc/bin:$PATH
+COPY CMakeLists.txt CMakePresets.json .
+COPY ml/backend/ggml/ggml ml/backend/ggml/ggml
+RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.ccache \
+    cmake --preset 'ROCm 7' \
+        && cmake --build --preset 'ROCm 7' -- -l $(nproc) \
+        && cmake --install build --component HIP --strip
+RUN rm -f dist/lib/ollama/rocm/rocblas/library/*gfx90[06]*
+
+FROM --platform=linux/arm64 nvcr.io/nvidia/l4t-jetpack:${JETPACK5VERSION} AS jetpack-5
+ARG CMAKEVERSION
+ARG NINJAVERSION
+RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y curl ccache unzip \
+    && curl -fsSL https://github.com/Kitware/CMake/releases/download/v${CMAKEVERSION}/cmake-${CMAKEVERSION}-linux-$(uname -m).tar.gz | tar xz -C /usr/local --strip-components 1 \
+    && curl -fsSL -o /tmp/ninja.zip https://github.com/ninja-build/ninja/releases/download/v${NINJAVERSION}/ninja-linux-aarch64.zip \
+    && unzip /tmp/ninja.zip -d /usr/local/bin \
+    && rm /tmp/ninja.zip
+ENV CMAKE_GENERATOR=Ninja
+COPY CMakeLists.txt CMakePresets.json .
+COPY ml/backend/ggml/ggml ml/backend/ggml/ggml
+RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.ccache \
+    cmake --preset 'JetPack 5' \
+        && cmake --build --preset 'JetPack 5' -- -l $(nproc) \
+        && cmake --install build --component CUDA --strip
+
+FROM --platform=linux/arm64 nvcr.io/nvidia/l4t-jetpack:${JETPACK6VERSION} AS jetpack-6
+ARG CMAKEVERSION
+ARG NINJAVERSION
+RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y curl ccache unzip \
+    && curl -fsSL https://github.com/Kitware/CMake/releases/download/v${CMAKEVERSION}/cmake-${CMAKEVERSION}-linux-$(uname -m).tar.gz | tar xz -C /usr/local --strip-components 1 \
+    && curl -fsSL -o /tmp/ninja.zip https://github.com/ninja-build/ninja/releases/download/v${NINJAVERSION}/ninja-linux-aarch64.zip \
+    && unzip /tmp/ninja.zip -d /usr/local/bin \
+    && rm /tmp/ninja.zip
+ENV CMAKE_GENERATOR=Ninja
+COPY CMakeLists.txt CMakePresets.json .
+COPY ml/backend/ggml/ggml ml/backend/ggml/ggml
+RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.ccache \
+    cmake --preset 'JetPack 6' \
+        && cmake --build --preset 'JetPack 6' -- -l $(nproc) \
+        && cmake --install build --component CUDA --strip
+
+FROM base AS vulkan
+ARG VULKANVERSION
+RUN ln -s /usr/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python \
+    && wget https://sdk.lunarg.com/sdk/download/${VULKANVERSION}/linux/vulkansdk-linux-x86_64-${VULKANVERSION}.tar.xz -O /tmp/vulkansdk.tar.xz \
+    && tar xvf /tmp/vulkansdk.tar.xz -C /tmp \
+    && /tmp/${VULKANVERSION}/vulkansdk -j 8 vulkan-headers \
+    && /tmp/${VULKANVERSION}/vulkansdk -j 8 shaderc \
+    && cp -r /tmp/${VULKANVERSION}/x86_64/include/* /usr/local/include/ \
+    && cp -r /tmp/${VULKANVERSION}/x86_64/lib/* /usr/local/lib \
+    && cp -r /tmp/${VULKANVERSION}/x86_64/bin/* /usr/local/bin/ \
+    && rm -rf /tmp/${VULKANVERSION} /tmp/vulkansdk.tar.xz
+COPY CMakeLists.txt CMakePresets.json .
+COPY ml/backend/ggml/ggml ml/backend/ggml/ggml
+RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.ccache \
+    cmake --preset 'Vulkan' \
+        && cmake --build --preset 'Vulkan' -- -l $(nproc) \
+        && cmake --install build --component Vulkan --strip
+
+FROM base AS mlx
+ARG CUDA13VERSION=13.0
+#   OLLAMA_MLX_BUILD_JOBS  empty -> ninja gates by load average (-l $(nproc))
+ARG OLLAMA_MLX_BUILD_JOBS=
+ARG OLLAMA_MLX_NVCC_THREADS=2
+RUN dnf install -y cuda-toolkit-${CUDA13VERSION//./-} \
+    && dnf install -y openblas-devel lapack-devel \
+    && dnf install -y libcudnn9-cuda-13 libcudnn9-devel-cuda-13 \
+    && dnf install -y libnccl libnccl-devel
+ENV PATH=/usr/local/cuda-13/bin:$PATH
+ENV BLAS_INCLUDE_DIRS=/usr/include/openblas
+ENV LAPACK_INCLUDE_DIRS=/usr/include/openblas
+ENV CGO_LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/cuda-13/lib64 -L/usr/local/cuda-13/targets/x86_64-linux/lib/stubs"
+WORKDIR /go/src/github.com/ollama/ollama
+COPY CMakeLists.txt CMakePresets.json .
+COPY ml/backend/ggml/ggml ml/backend/ggml/ggml
+COPY x/imagegen/mlx x/imagegen/mlx
+COPY go.mod go.sum .
+COPY MLX_VERSION MLX_C_VERSION .
+RUN curl -fsSL https://golang.org/dl/go$(awk '/^go/ { print $2 }' go.mod).linux-$(case $(uname -m) in x86_64) echo amd64 ;; aarch64) echo arm64 ;; esac).tar.gz | tar xz -C /usr/local
+ENV PATH=/usr/local/go/bin:$PATH
+RUN go mod download
+RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.ccache \
+    --mount=type=bind,from=local-mlx,target=/tmp/local-mlx \
+    --mount=type=bind,from=local-mlx-c,target=/tmp/local-mlx-c \
+    if [ -f /tmp/local-mlx/CMakeLists.txt ]; then \
+        export OLLAMA_MLX_SOURCE=/tmp/local-mlx; \
+    fi \
+    && if [ -f /tmp/local-mlx-c/CMakeLists.txt ]; then \
+        export OLLAMA_MLX_C_SOURCE=/tmp/local-mlx-c; \
+    fi \
+    && cmake --preset 'MLX CUDA 13' -DBLAS_INCLUDE_DIRS=/usr/include/openblas -DLAPACK_INCLUDE_DIRS=/usr/include/openblas -DCMAKE_CUDA_FLAGS="-t ${OLLAMA_MLX_NVCC_THREADS}" \
+        && cmake --build --preset 'MLX CUDA 13' -- -l $(nproc) ${OLLAMA_MLX_BUILD_JOBS:+-j ${OLLAMA_MLX_BUILD_JOBS}} \
+        && cmake --install build --component MLX --strip \
+        && cmake --install build --component MLX_VENDOR
+
+FROM base AS build
+WORKDIR /go/src/github.com/ollama/ollama
+COPY go.mod go.sum .
+RUN curl -fsSL https://golang.org/dl/go$(awk '/^go/ { print $2 }' go.mod).linux-$(case $(uname -m) in x86_64) echo amd64 ;; aarch64) echo arm64 ;; esac).tar.gz | tar xz -C /usr/local
+ENV PATH=/usr/local/go/bin:$PATH
+RUN go mod download
+COPY . .
+ARG GOFLAGS="'-ldflags=-w -s'"
+ENV CGO_ENABLED=1
+ARG CGO_CFLAGS
+ARG CGO_CXXFLAGS
+ENV CGO_CFLAGS="${CGO_CFLAGS}"
+ENV CGO_CXXFLAGS="${CGO_CXXFLAGS}"
+RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.cache/go-build \
+    go build -trimpath -buildmode=pie -o /bin/ollama .
+
+FROM --platform=linux/amd64 scratch AS amd64
+# COPY --from=cuda-11 dist/lib/ollama/ /lib/ollama/
+COPY --from=cuda-12 dist/lib/ollama /lib/ollama/
+COPY --from=cuda-13 dist/lib/ollama /lib/ollama/
+COPY --from=vulkan  dist/lib/ollama  /lib/ollama/
+COPY --from=mlx     /go/src/github.com/ollama/ollama/dist/lib/ollama /lib/ollama/
+
+FROM --platform=linux/arm64 scratch AS arm64
+# COPY --from=cuda-11 dist/lib/ollama/ /lib/ollama/
+COPY --from=cuda-12 dist/lib/ollama /lib/ollama/
+COPY --from=cuda-13 dist/lib/ollama/ /lib/ollama/
+COPY --from=jetpack-5 dist/lib/ollama/ /lib/ollama/
+COPY --from=jetpack-6 dist/lib/ollama/ /lib/ollama/
+
+FROM scratch AS rocm
+COPY --from=rocm-7 dist/lib/ollama /lib/ollama
+
+FROM ${FLAVOR} AS archive
+COPY --from=cpu dist/lib/ollama /lib/ollama
+COPY --from=build /bin/ollama /bin/ollama
+
+FROM ubuntu:24.04
+ARG APT_MIRROR=http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu
+RUN sed -i "s|http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu|$APT_MIRROR|g" /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources \
+    && apt-get update \
+    && apt-get install -y ca-certificates libvulkan1 libopenblas0 \
+    && sed -i "s|$APT_MIRROR|http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu|g" /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources \
+    && apt-get clean \
+    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+COPY --from=archive /bin /usr/bin
+ENV PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
+COPY --from=archive /lib/ollama /usr/lib/ollama
+ENV LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/nvidia/lib:/usr/local/nvidia/lib64
+ENV NVIDIA_DRIVER_CAPABILITIES=compute,utility
+ENV NVIDIA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=all
+ENV OLLAMA_HOST=0.0.0.0:11434
+EXPOSE 11434
+ENTRYPOINT ["/bin/ollama"]
+CMD ["serve"]
--- a/21
+++ b/21
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) Ollama
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
--- a/1
+++ b/1
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+fba4470b89073180056c9ea46c443051375f7399
--- a/1
+++ b/1
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+e8ebdebeeb655feaa85a51f6b24ece5b6d5518d1
--- a/Makefile.sync
+++ b/Makefile.sync
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+UPSTREAM=https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp.git
+WORKDIR=llama/vendor
+FETCH_HEAD=ec98e2002
+
+.PHONY: help
+help:
+	@echo "Available targets:"
+	@echo "    sync                 Sync with upstream repositories"
+	@echo "    checkout             Checkout upstream repository"
+	@echo "    apply-patches        Apply patches to local repository"
+	@echo "    format-patches       Format patches from local repository"
+	@echo "    clean                Clean local repository"
+	@echo
+	@echo "Example:"
+	@echo "    make -f $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)) clean apply-patches sync"
+
+.PHONY: sync
+sync: llama/build-info.cpp ml/backend/ggml/ggml/src/ggml-metal/ggml-metal-embed.metal
+
+llama/build-info.cpp: llama/build-info.cpp.in llama/llama.cpp
+	sed -e 's|@FETCH_HEAD@|$(FETCH_HEAD)|' <$< >$@
+
+ml/backend/ggml/ggml/src/ggml-metal/ggml-metal-embed.metal: ml/backend/ggml/ggml
+	go generate ./$(@D)
+
+.PHONY: llama/llama.cpp
+llama/llama.cpp: llama/vendor
+	rsync -arvzc --delete -f "include LICENSE" -f "merge $@/.rsync-filter" $(addprefix $<,/LICENSE /) $@
+
+.PHONY: ml/backend/ggml/ggml
+ml/backend/ggml/ggml: llama/vendor
+	rsync -arvzc --delete -f "include LICENSE" -f "merge $@/.rsync-filter" $(addprefix $<,/LICENSE /ggml/) $@
+
+PATCHES=$(wildcard llama/patches/*.patch)
+PATCHED=$(join $(dir $(PATCHES)), $(addsuffix ed, $(addprefix ., $(notdir $(PATCHES)))))
+
+.PHONY: apply-patches
+.NOTPARALLEL:
+apply-patches: $(PATCHED)
+
+llama/patches/.%.patched: llama/patches/%.patch
+	@if git -c user.name=nobody -c 'user.email=<>' -C $(WORKDIR) am -3 $(realpath $<); then \
+		touch $@;                                                                           \
+	else                                                                                    \
+		echo "Patch failed. Resolve any conflicts then continue.";                          \
+		echo "1. Run 'git -C $(WORKDIR) am --continue'";                                    \
+		echo "2. Run 'make -f $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)) format-patches'";                \
+		echo "3. Run 'make -f $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)) clean apply-patches'";           \
+		exit 1;                                                                             \
+	fi
+
+.PHONY: checkout
+checkout: $(WORKDIR)
+	git -C $(WORKDIR) fetch
+	git -C $(WORKDIR) checkout -f $(FETCH_HEAD)
+
+$(WORKDIR):
+	git clone $(UPSTREAM) $(WORKDIR)
+
+.PHONY: format-patches
+format-patches: llama/patches
+	git -C $(WORKDIR) format-patch \
+		--no-signature \
+		--no-numbered \
+		--zero-commit \
+		-o $(realpath $<) \
+		$(FETCH_HEAD)
+
+.PHONY: clean
+clean: checkout
+	@git -C $(WORKDIR) am --abort || true
+	$(RM) llama/patches/.*.patched
+
+.PHONY: print-base
+print-base:
+	@echo $(FETCH_HEAD)
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,356 @@
+<p align="center">
+  <a href="https://ollama.com">
+    <img src="https://github.com/ollama/ollama/assets/3325447/0d0b44e2-8f4a-4e99-9b52-a5c1c741c8f7" alt="ollama" width="200"/>
+  </a>
+</p>
+
+# Ollama
+
+Start building with open models.
+
+## Download
+
+### macOS
+
+```shell
+curl -fsSL https://ollama.com/install.sh | sh
+```
+
+or [download manually](https://ollama.com/download/Ollama.dmg)
+
+### Windows
+
+```shell
+irm https://ollama.com/install.ps1 | iex
+```
+
+or [download manually](https://ollama.com/download/OllamaSetup.exe)
+
+### Linux
+
+```shell
+curl -fsSL https://ollama.com/install.sh | sh
+```
+
+[Manual install instructions](https://docs.ollama.com/linux#manual-install)
+
+### Docker
+
+The official [Ollama Docker image](https://hub.docker.com/r/ollama/ollama) `ollama/ollama` is available on Docker Hub.
+
+### Libraries
+
+- [ollama-python](https://github.com/ollama/ollama-python)
+- [ollama-js](https://github.com/ollama/ollama-js)
+
+### Community
+
+- [Discord](https://discord.gg/ollama)
+- [𝕏 (Twitter)](https://x.com/ollama)
+- [Reddit](https://reddit.com/r/ollama)
+
+## Get started
+
+```
+ollama
+```
+
+You'll be prompted to run a model or connect Ollama to your existing agents or applications such as `Claude Code`, `OpenClaw`, `OpenCode` , `Codex`, `Copilot`,  and more.
+
+### Coding
+
+To launch a specific integration:
+
+```
+ollama launch claude
+```
+
+Supported integrations include [Claude Code](https://docs.ollama.com/integrations/claude-code), [Codex](https://docs.ollama.com/integrations/codex), [Copilot CLI](https://docs.ollama.com/integrations/copilot-cli), [Droid](https://docs.ollama.com/integrations/droid), and [OpenCode](https://docs.ollama.com/integrations/opencode).
+
+### AI assistant
+
+Use [OpenClaw](https://docs.ollama.com/integrations/openclaw) to turn Ollama into a personal AI assistant across WhatsApp, Telegram, Slack, Discord, and more:
+
+```
+ollama launch openclaw
+```
+
+### Chat with a model
+
+Run and chat with [Gemma 3](https://ollama.com/library/gemma3):
+
+```
+ollama run gemma3
+```
+
+See [ollama.com/library](https://ollama.com/library) for the full list.
+
+See the [quickstart guide](https://docs.ollama.com/quickstart) for more details.
+
+## REST API
+
+Ollama has a REST API for running and managing models.
+
+```
+curl http://localhost:11434/api/chat -d '{
+  "model": "gemma3",
+  "messages": [{
+    "role": "user",
+    "content": "Why is the sky blue?"
+  }],
+  "stream": false
+}'
+```
+
+See the [API documentation](https://docs.ollama.com/api) for all endpoints.
+
+### Python
+
+```
+pip install ollama
+```
+
+```python
+from ollama import chat
+
+response = chat(model='gemma3', messages=[
+  {
+    'role': 'user',
+    'content': 'Why is the sky blue?',
+  },
+])
+print(response.message.content)
+```
+
+### JavaScript
+
+```
+npm i ollama
+```
+
+```javascript
+import ollama from "ollama";
+
+const response = await ollama.chat({
+  model: "gemma3",
+  messages: [{ role: "user", content: "Why is the sky blue?" }],
+});
+console.log(response.message.content);
+```
+
+## Supported backends
+
+- [llama.cpp](https://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp) project founded by Georgi Gerganov.
+
+## Documentation
+
+- [CLI reference](https://docs.ollama.com/cli)
+- [REST API reference](https://docs.ollama.com/api)
+- [Importing models](https://docs.ollama.com/import)
+- [Modelfile reference](https://docs.ollama.com/modelfile)
+- [Building from source](https://github.com/ollama/ollama/blob/main/docs/development.md)
+
+## Community Integrations
+
+> Want to add your project? Open a pull request.
+
+### Chat Interfaces
+
+#### Web
+
+- [Open WebUI](https://github.com/open-webui/open-webui) - Extensible, self-hosted AI interface
+- [Onyx](https://github.com/onyx-dot-app/onyx) - Connected AI workspace
+- [LibreChat](https://github.com/danny-avila/LibreChat) - Enhanced ChatGPT clone with multi-provider support
+- [Lobe Chat](https://github.com/lobehub/lobe-chat) - Modern chat framework with plugin ecosystem ([docs](https://lobehub.com/docs/self-hosting/examples/ollama))
+- [NextChat](https://github.com/ChatGPTNextWeb/ChatGPT-Next-Web) - Cross-platform ChatGPT UI ([docs](https://docs.nextchat.dev/models/ollama))
+- [Perplexica](https://github.com/ItzCrazyKns/Perplexica) - AI-powered search engine, open-source Perplexity alternative
+- [big-AGI](https://github.com/enricoros/big-AGI) - AI suite for professionals
+- [Lollms WebUI](https://github.com/ParisNeo/lollms-webui) - Multi-model web interface
+- [ChatOllama](https://github.com/sugarforever/chat-ollama) - Chatbot with knowledge bases
+- [Bionic GPT](https://github.com/bionic-gpt/bionic-gpt) - On-premise AI platform
+- [Chatbot UI](https://github.com/ivanfioravanti/chatbot-ollama) - ChatGPT-style web interface
+- [Hollama](https://github.com/fmaclen/hollama) - Minimal web interface
+- [Chatbox](https://github.com/Bin-Huang/Chatbox) - Desktop and web AI client
+- [chat](https://github.com/swuecho/chat) - Chat web app for teams
+- [Ollama RAG Chatbot](https://github.com/datvodinh/rag-chatbot.git) - Chat with multiple PDFs using RAG
+- [Tkinter-based client](https://github.com/chyok/ollama-gui) - Python desktop client
+
+#### Desktop
+
+- [Dify.AI](https://github.com/langgenius/dify) - LLM app development platform
+- [AnythingLLM](https://github.com/Mintplex-Labs/anything-llm) - All-in-one AI app for Mac, Windows, and Linux
+- [Maid](https://github.com/Mobile-Artificial-Intelligence/maid) - Cross-platform mobile and desktop client
+- [Witsy](https://github.com/nbonamy/witsy) - AI desktop app for Mac, Windows, and Linux
+- [Cherry Studio](https://github.com/kangfenmao/cherry-studio) - Multi-provider desktop client
+- [Ollama App](https://github.com/JHubi1/ollama-app) - Multi-platform client for desktop and mobile
+- [PyGPT](https://github.com/szczyglis-dev/py-gpt) - AI desktop assistant for Linux, Windows, and Mac
+- [Alpaca](https://github.com/Jeffser/Alpaca) - GTK4 client for Linux and macOS
+- [SwiftChat](https://github.com/aws-samples/swift-chat) - Cross-platform including iOS, Android, and Apple Vision Pro
+- [Enchanted](https://github.com/AugustDev/enchanted) - Native macOS and iOS client
+- [RWKV-Runner](https://github.com/josStorer/RWKV-Runner) - Multi-model desktop runner
+- [Ollama Grid Search](https://github.com/dezoito/ollama-grid-search) - Evaluate and compare models
+- [macai](https://github.com/Renset/macai) - macOS client for Ollama and ChatGPT
+- [AI Studio](https://github.com/MindWorkAI/AI-Studio) - Multi-provider desktop IDE
+- [Reins](https://github.com/ibrahimcetin/reins) - Parameter tuning and reasoning model support
+- [ConfiChat](https://github.com/1runeberg/confichat) - Privacy-focused with optional encryption
+- [LLocal.in](https://github.com/kartikm7/llocal) - Electron desktop client
+- [MindMac](https://mindmac.app) - AI chat client for Mac
+- [Msty](https://msty.app) - Multi-model desktop client
+- [BoltAI for Mac](https://boltai.com) - AI chat client for Mac
+- [IntelliBar](https://intellibar.app/) - AI-powered assistant for macOS
+- [Kerlig AI](https://www.kerlig.com/) - AI writing assistant for macOS
+- [Hillnote](https://hillnote.com) - Markdown-first AI workspace
+- [Perfect Memory AI](https://www.perfectmemory.ai/) - Productivity AI personalized by screen and meeting history
+
+#### Mobile
+
+- [Ollama Android Chat](https://github.com/sunshine0523/OllamaServer) - One-click Ollama on Android
+
+> SwiftChat, Enchanted, Maid, Ollama App, Reins, and ConfiChat listed above also support mobile platforms.
+
+### Code Editors & Development
+
+- [Cline](https://github.com/cline/cline) - VS Code extension for multi-file/whole-repo coding
+- [Continue](https://github.com/continuedev/continue) - Open-source AI code assistant for any IDE
+- [Void](https://github.com/voideditor/void) - Open source AI code editor, Cursor alternative
+- [Copilot for Obsidian](https://github.com/logancyang/obsidian-copilot) - AI assistant for Obsidian
+- [twinny](https://github.com/rjmacarthy/twinny) - Copilot and Copilot chat alternative
+- [gptel Emacs client](https://github.com/karthink/gptel) - LLM client for Emacs
+- [Ollama Copilot](https://github.com/bernardo-bruning/ollama-copilot) - Use Ollama as GitHub Copilot
+- [Obsidian Local GPT](https://github.com/pfrankov/obsidian-local-gpt) - Local AI for Obsidian
+- [Ellama Emacs client](https://github.com/s-kostyaev/ellama) - LLM tool for Emacs
+- [orbiton](https://github.com/xyproto/orbiton) - Config-free text editor with Ollama tab completion
+- [AI ST Completion](https://github.com/yaroslavyaroslav/OpenAI-sublime-text) - Sublime Text 4 AI assistant
+- [VT Code](https://github.com/vinhnx/vtcode) - Rust-based terminal coding agent with Tree-sitter
+- [QodeAssist](https://github.com/Palm1r/QodeAssist) - AI coding assistant for Qt Creator
+- [AI Toolkit for VS Code](https://aka.ms/ai-tooklit/ollama-docs) - Microsoft-official VS Code extension
+- [Open Interpreter](https://docs.openinterpreter.com/language-model-setup/local-models/ollama) - Natural language interface for computers
+
+### Libraries & SDKs
+
+- [LiteLLM](https://github.com/BerriAI/litellm) - Unified API for 100+ LLM providers
+- [Semantic Kernel](https://github.com/microsoft/semantic-kernel/tree/main/python/semantic_kernel/connectors/ai/ollama) - Microsoft AI orchestration SDK
+- [LangChain4j](https://github.com/langchain4j/langchain4j) - Java LangChain ([example](https://github.com/langchain4j/langchain4j-examples/tree/main/ollama-examples/src/main/java))
+- [LangChainGo](https://github.com/tmc/langchaingo/) - Go LangChain ([example](https://github.com/tmc/langchaingo/tree/main/examples/ollama-completion-example))
+- [Spring AI](https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-ai) - Spring framework AI support ([docs](https://docs.spring.io/spring-ai/reference/api/chat/ollama-chat.html))
+- [LangChain](https://python.langchain.com/docs/integrations/chat/ollama/) and [LangChain.js](https://js.langchain.com/docs/integrations/chat/ollama/) with [example](https://js.langchain.com/docs/tutorials/local_rag/)
+- [Ollama for Ruby](https://github.com/crmne/ruby_llm) - Ruby LLM library
+- [any-llm](https://github.com/mozilla-ai/any-llm) - Unified LLM interface by Mozilla
+- [OllamaSharp for .NET](https://github.com/awaescher/OllamaSharp) - .NET SDK
+- [LangChainRust](https://github.com/Abraxas-365/langchain-rust) - Rust LangChain ([example](https://github.com/Abraxas-365/langchain-rust/blob/main/examples/llm_ollama.rs))
+- [Agents-Flex for Java](https://github.com/agents-flex/agents-flex) - Java agent framework ([example](https://github.com/agents-flex/agents-flex/tree/main/agents-flex-llm/agents-flex-llm-ollama/src/test/java/com/agentsflex/llm/ollama))
+- [Elixir LangChain](https://github.com/brainlid/langchain) - Elixir LangChain
+- [Ollama-rs for Rust](https://github.com/pepperoni21/ollama-rs) - Rust SDK
+- [LangChain for .NET](https://github.com/tryAGI/LangChain) - .NET LangChain ([example](https://github.com/tryAGI/LangChain/blob/main/examples/LangChain.Samples.OpenAI/Program.cs))
+- [chromem-go](https://github.com/philippgille/chromem-go) - Go vector database with Ollama embeddings ([example](https://github.com/philippgille/chromem-go/tree/v0.5.0/examples/rag-wikipedia-ollama))
+- [LangChainDart](https://github.com/davidmigloz/langchain_dart) - Dart LangChain
+- [LlmTornado](https://github.com/lofcz/llmtornado) - Unified C# interface for multiple inference APIs
+- [Ollama4j for Java](https://github.com/ollama4j/ollama4j) - Java SDK
+- [Ollama for Laravel](https://github.com/cloudstudio/ollama-laravel) - Laravel integration
+- [Ollama for Swift](https://github.com/mattt/ollama-swift) - Swift SDK
+- [LlamaIndex](https://docs.llamaindex.ai/en/stable/examples/llm/ollama/) and [LlamaIndexTS](https://ts.llamaindex.ai/modules/llms/available_llms/ollama) - Data framework for LLM apps
+- [Haystack](https://github.com/deepset-ai/haystack-integrations/blob/main/integrations/ollama.md) - AI pipeline framework
+- [Firebase Genkit](https://firebase.google.com/docs/genkit/plugins/ollama) - Google AI framework
+- [Ollama-hpp for C++](https://github.com/jmont-dev/ollama-hpp) - C++ SDK
+- [PromptingTools.jl](https://github.com/svilupp/PromptingTools.jl) - Julia LLM toolkit ([example](https://svilupp.github.io/PromptingTools.jl/dev/examples/working_with_ollama))
+- [Ollama for R - rollama](https://github.com/JBGruber/rollama) - R SDK
+- [Portkey](https://portkey.ai/docs/welcome/integration-guides/ollama) - AI gateway
+- [Testcontainers](https://testcontainers.com/modules/ollama/) - Container-based testing
+- [LLPhant](https://github.com/theodo-group/LLPhant?tab=readme-ov-file#ollama) - PHP AI framework
+
+### Frameworks & Agents
+
+- [AutoGPT](https://github.com/Significant-Gravitas/AutoGPT/blob/master/docs/content/platform/ollama.md) - Autonomous AI agent platform
+- [crewAI](https://github.com/crewAIInc/crewAI) - Multi-agent orchestration framework
+- [Strands Agents](https://github.com/strands-agents/sdk-python) - Model-driven agent building by AWS
+- [Cheshire Cat](https://github.com/cheshire-cat-ai/core) - AI assistant framework
+- [any-agent](https://github.com/mozilla-ai/any-agent) - Unified agent framework interface by Mozilla
+- [Stakpak](https://github.com/stakpak/agent) - Open source DevOps agent
+- [Hexabot](https://github.com/hexastack/hexabot) - Conversational AI builder
+- [Neuro SAN](https://github.com/cognizant-ai-lab/neuro-san-studio) - Multi-agent orchestration ([docs](https://github.com/cognizant-ai-lab/neuro-san-studio/blob/main/docs/user_guide.md#ollama))
+
+### RAG & Knowledge Bases
+
+- [RAGFlow](https://github.com/infiniflow/ragflow) - RAG engine based on deep document understanding
+- [R2R](https://github.com/SciPhi-AI/R2R) - Open-source RAG engine
+- [MaxKB](https://github.com/1Panel-dev/MaxKB/) - Ready-to-use RAG chatbot
+- [Minima](https://github.com/dmayboroda/minima) - On-premises or fully local RAG
+- [Chipper](https://github.com/TilmanGriesel/chipper) - AI interface with Haystack RAG
+- [ARGO](https://github.com/xark-argo/argo) - RAG and deep research on Mac/Windows/Linux
+- [Archyve](https://github.com/nickthecook/archyve) - RAG-enabling document library
+- [Casibase](https://casibase.org) - AI knowledge base with RAG and SSO
+- [BrainSoup](https://www.nurgo-software.com/products/brainsoup) - Native client with RAG and multi-agent automation
+
+### Bots & Messaging
+
+- [LangBot](https://github.com/RockChinQ/LangBot) - Multi-platform messaging bots with agents and RAG
+- [AstrBot](https://github.com/Soulter/AstrBot/) - Multi-platform chatbot with RAG and plugins
+- [Discord-Ollama Chat Bot](https://github.com/kevinthedang/discord-ollama) - TypeScript Discord bot
+- [Ollama Telegram Bot](https://github.com/ruecat/ollama-telegram) - Telegram bot
+- [LLM Telegram Bot](https://github.com/innightwolfsleep/llm_telegram_bot) - Telegram bot for roleplay
+
+### Terminal & CLI
+
+- [aichat](https://github.com/sigoden/aichat) - All-in-one LLM CLI with Shell Assistant, RAG, and AI tools
+- [oterm](https://github.com/ggozad/oterm) - Terminal client for Ollama
+- [gollama](https://github.com/sammcj/gollama) - Go-based model manager for Ollama
+- [tlm](https://github.com/yusufcanb/tlm) - Local shell copilot
+- [tenere](https://github.com/pythops/tenere) - TUI for LLMs
+- [ParLlama](https://github.com/paulrobello/parllama) - TUI for Ollama
+- [llm-ollama](https://github.com/taketwo/llm-ollama) - Plugin for [Datasette's LLM CLI](https://llm.datasette.io/en/stable/)
+- [ShellOracle](https://github.com/djcopley/ShellOracle) - Shell command suggestions
+- [LLM-X](https://github.com/mrdjohnson/llm-x) - Progressive web app for LLMs
+- [cmdh](https://github.com/pgibler/cmdh) - Natural language to shell commands
+- [VT](https://github.com/vinhnx/vt.ai) - Minimal multimodal AI chat app
+
+### Productivity & Apps
+
+- [AppFlowy](https://github.com/AppFlowy-IO/AppFlowy) - AI collaborative workspace, self-hostable Notion alternative
+- [Screenpipe](https://github.com/mediar-ai/screenpipe) - 24/7 screen and mic recording with AI-powered search
+- [Vibe](https://github.com/thewh1teagle/vibe) - Transcribe and analyze meetings
+- [Page Assist](https://github.com/n4ze3m/page-assist) - Chrome extension for AI-powered browsing
+- [NativeMind](https://github.com/NativeMindBrowser/NativeMindExtension) - Private, on-device browser AI assistant
+- [Ollama Fortress](https://github.com/ParisNeo/ollama_proxy_server) - Security proxy for Ollama
+- [1Panel](https://github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel/) - Web-based Linux server management
+- [Writeopia](https://github.com/Writeopia/Writeopia) - Text editor with Ollama integration
+- [QA-Pilot](https://github.com/reid41/QA-Pilot) - GitHub code repository understanding
+- [Raycast extension](https://github.com/MassimilianoPasquini97/raycast_ollama) - Ollama in Raycast
+- [Painting Droid](https://github.com/mateuszmigas/painting-droid) - Painting app with AI integrations
+- [Serene Pub](https://github.com/doolijb/serene-pub) - AI roleplaying app
+- [Mayan EDMS](https://gitlab.com/mayan-edms/mayan-edms) - Document management with Ollama workflows
+- [TagSpaces](https://www.tagspaces.org) - File management with [AI tagging](https://docs.tagspaces.org/ai/)
+
+### Observability & Monitoring
+
+- [Opik](https://www.comet.com/docs/opik/cookbook/ollama) - Debug, evaluate, and monitor LLM applications
+- [OpenLIT](https://github.com/openlit/openlit) - OpenTelemetry-native monitoring for Ollama and GPUs
+- [Lunary](https://lunary.ai/docs/integrations/ollama) - LLM observability with analytics and PII masking
+- [Langfuse](https://langfuse.com/docs/integrations/ollama) - Open source LLM observability
+- [HoneyHive](https://docs.honeyhive.ai/integrations/ollama) - AI observability and evaluation for agents
+- [MLflow Tracing](https://mlflow.org/docs/latest/llms/tracing/index.html#automatic-tracing) - Open source LLM observability
+
+### Database & Embeddings
+
+- [pgai](https://github.com/timescale/pgai) - PostgreSQL as a vector database ([guide](https://github.com/timescale/pgai/blob/main/docs/vectorizer-quick-start.md))
+- [MindsDB](https://github.com/mindsdb/mindsdb/blob/staging/mindsdb/integrations/handlers/ollama_handler/README.md) - Connect Ollama with 200+ data platforms
+- [chromem-go](https://github.com/philippgille/chromem-go/blob/v0.5.0/embed_ollama.go) - Embeddable vector database for Go ([example](https://github.com/philippgille/chromem-go/tree/v0.5.0/examples/rag-wikipedia-ollama))
+- [Kangaroo](https://github.com/dbkangaroo/kangaroo) - AI-powered SQL client
+
+### Infrastructure & Deployment
+
+#### Cloud
+
+- [Google Cloud](https://cloud.google.com/run/docs/tutorials/gpu-gemma2-with-ollama)
+- [Fly.io](https://fly.io/docs/python/do-more/add-ollama/)
+- [Koyeb](https://www.koyeb.com/deploy/ollama)
+- [Harbor](https://github.com/av/harbor) - Containerized LLM toolkit with Ollama as default backend
+
+#### Package Managers
+
+- [Pacman](https://archlinux.org/packages/extra/x86_64/ollama/)
+- [Homebrew](https://formulae.brew.sh/formula/ollama)
+- [Nix package](https://search.nixos.org/packages?show=ollama&from=0&size=50&sort=relevance&type=packages&query=ollama)
+- [Helm Chart](https://artifacthub.io/packages/helm/ollama-helm/ollama)
+- [Gentoo](https://github.com/gentoo/guru/tree/master/app-misc/ollama)
+- [Flox](https://flox.dev/blog/ollama-part-one)
+- [Guix channel](https://codeberg.org/tusharhero/ollama-guix)
--- a/SECURITY.md
+++ b/SECURITY.md
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# Security
+
+The Ollama maintainer team takes security seriously and will actively work to resolve security issues.
+
+## Reporting a vulnerability
+
+If you discover a security vulnerability, please do not open a public issue. Instead, please report it by emailing hello@ollama.com. We ask that you give us sufficient time to investigate and address the vulnerability before disclosing it publicly.
+
+Please include the following details in your report:
+- A description of the vulnerability
+- Steps to reproduce the issue
+- Your assessment of the potential impact
+- Any possible mitigations
+
+## Security best practices
+
+While the maintainer team does its best to secure Ollama, users are encouraged to implement their own security best practices, such as:
+
+- Regularly updating to the latest version of Ollama
+- Securing access to hosted instances of Ollama
+- Monitoring systems for unusual activity
+
+## Contact
+
+For any other questions or concerns related to security, please contact us at hello@ollama.com
--- a/anthropic/anthropic.go
+++ b/anthropic/anthropic.go
--- a/anthropic/anthropic_test.go
+++ b/anthropic/anthropic_test.go
--- a/anthropic/trace.go
+++ b/anthropic/trace.go
@@ -0,0 +1,352 @@
+package anthropic
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"sort"
+
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/api"
+)
+
+// Trace truncation limits.
+const (
+	TraceMaxStringRunes = 240
+	TraceMaxSliceItems  = 8
+	TraceMaxMapEntries  = 16
+	TraceMaxDepth       = 4
+)
+
+// TraceTruncateString shortens s to TraceMaxStringRunes, appending a count of
+// omitted characters when truncated.
+func TraceTruncateString(s string) string {
+	if len(s) == 0 {
+		return s
+	}
+	runes := []rune(s)
+	if len(runes) <= TraceMaxStringRunes {
+		return s
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s...(+%d chars)", string(runes[:TraceMaxStringRunes]), len(runes)-TraceMaxStringRunes)
+}
+
+// TraceJSON round-trips v through JSON and returns a compacted representation.
+func TraceJSON(v any) any {
+	if v == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	data, err := json.Marshal(v)
+	if err != nil {
+		return map[string]any{"marshal_error": err.Error(), "type": fmt.Sprintf("%T", v)}
+	}
+	var out any
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &out); err != nil {
+		return TraceTruncateString(string(data))
+	}
+	return TraceCompactValue(out, 0)
+}
+
+// TraceCompactValue recursively truncates strings, slices, and maps for trace
+// output. depth tracks recursion to enforce TraceMaxDepth.
+func TraceCompactValue(v any, depth int) any {
+	if v == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if depth >= TraceMaxDepth {
+		switch t := v.(type) {
+		case string:
+			return TraceTruncateString(t)
+		case []any:
+			return fmt.Sprintf("<array len=%d>", len(t))
+		case map[string]any:
+			return fmt.Sprintf("<object keys=%d>", len(t))
+		default:
+			return fmt.Sprintf("<%T>", v)
+		}
+	}
+	switch t := v.(type) {
+	case string:
+		return TraceTruncateString(t)
+	case []any:
+		limit := min(len(t), TraceMaxSliceItems)
+		out := make([]any, 0, limit+1)
+		for i := range limit {
+			out = append(out, TraceCompactValue(t[i], depth+1))
+		}
+		if len(t) > limit {
+			out = append(out, fmt.Sprintf("... +%d more items", len(t)-limit))
+		}
+		return out
+	case map[string]any:
+		keys := make([]string, 0, len(t))
+		for k := range t {
+			keys = append(keys, k)
+		}
+		sort.Strings(keys)
+		limit := min(len(keys), TraceMaxMapEntries)
+		out := make(map[string]any, limit+1)
+		for i := range limit {
+			out[keys[i]] = TraceCompactValue(t[keys[i]], depth+1)
+		}
+		if len(keys) > limit {
+			out["__truncated_keys"] = len(keys) - limit
+		}
+		return out
+	default:
+		return t
+	}
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Anthropic request/response tracing
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// TraceMessagesRequest returns a compact trace representation of a MessagesRequest.
+func TraceMessagesRequest(r MessagesRequest) map[string]any {
+	return map[string]any{
+		"model":          r.Model,
+		"max_tokens":     r.MaxTokens,
+		"messages":       traceMessageParams(r.Messages),
+		"system":         traceAnthropicContent(r.System),
+		"stream":         r.Stream,
+		"tools":          traceTools(r.Tools),
+		"tool_choice":    TraceJSON(r.ToolChoice),
+		"thinking":       TraceJSON(r.Thinking),
+		"stop_sequences": r.StopSequences,
+		"temperature":    ptrVal(r.Temperature),
+		"top_p":          ptrVal(r.TopP),
+		"top_k":          ptrVal(r.TopK),
+	}
+}
+
+// TraceMessagesResponse returns a compact trace representation of a MessagesResponse.
+func TraceMessagesResponse(r MessagesResponse) map[string]any {
+	return map[string]any{
+		"id":          r.ID,
+		"model":       r.Model,
+		"content":     TraceJSON(r.Content),
+		"stop_reason": r.StopReason,
+		"usage":       r.Usage,
+	}
+}
+
+func traceMessageParams(msgs []MessageParam) []map[string]any {
+	out := make([]map[string]any, 0, len(msgs))
+	for _, m := range msgs {
+		out = append(out, map[string]any{
+			"role":    m.Role,
+			"content": traceAnthropicContent(m.Content),
+		})
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+func traceAnthropicContent(content any) any {
+	switch c := content.(type) {
+	case nil:
+		return nil
+	case string:
+		return TraceTruncateString(c)
+	case []any:
+		blocks := make([]any, 0, len(c))
+		for _, block := range c {
+			blockMap, ok := block.(map[string]any)
+			if !ok {
+				blocks = append(blocks, TraceCompactValue(block, 0))
+				continue
+			}
+			blocks = append(blocks, traceAnthropicBlock(blockMap))
+		}
+		return blocks
+	default:
+		return TraceJSON(c)
+	}
+}
+
+func traceAnthropicBlock(block map[string]any) map[string]any {
+	blockType, _ := block["type"].(string)
+	out := map[string]any{"type": blockType}
+	switch blockType {
+	case "text":
+		if text, ok := block["text"].(string); ok {
+			out["text"] = TraceTruncateString(text)
+		} else {
+			out["text"] = TraceCompactValue(block["text"], 0)
+		}
+	case "thinking":
+		if thinking, ok := block["thinking"].(string); ok {
+			out["thinking"] = TraceTruncateString(thinking)
+		} else {
+			out["thinking"] = TraceCompactValue(block["thinking"], 0)
+		}
+	case "tool_use", "server_tool_use":
+		out["id"] = block["id"]
+		out["name"] = block["name"]
+		out["input"] = TraceCompactValue(block["input"], 0)
+	case "tool_result", "web_search_tool_result":
+		out["tool_use_id"] = block["tool_use_id"]
+		out["content"] = TraceCompactValue(block["content"], 0)
+	case "image":
+		if source, ok := block["source"].(map[string]any); ok {
+			out["source"] = map[string]any{
+				"type":       source["type"],
+				"media_type": source["media_type"],
+				"url":        source["url"],
+				"data_len":   len(fmt.Sprint(source["data"])),
+			}
+		}
+	default:
+		out["block"] = TraceCompactValue(block, 0)
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+func traceTools(tools []Tool) []map[string]any {
+	out := make([]map[string]any, 0, len(tools))
+	for _, t := range tools {
+		out = append(out, TraceTool(t))
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+// TraceTool returns a compact trace representation of an Anthropic Tool.
+func TraceTool(t Tool) map[string]any {
+	return map[string]any{
+		"type":         t.Type,
+		"name":         t.Name,
+		"description":  TraceTruncateString(t.Description),
+		"input_schema": TraceJSON(t.InputSchema),
+		"max_uses":     t.MaxUses,
+	}
+}
+
+// ContentBlockTypes returns the type strings from content (when it's []any blocks).
+func ContentBlockTypes(content any) []string {
+	blocks, ok := content.([]any)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil
+	}
+	types := make([]string, 0, len(blocks))
+	for _, block := range blocks {
+		blockMap, ok := block.(map[string]any)
+		if !ok {
+			types = append(types, fmt.Sprintf("%T", block))
+			continue
+		}
+		t, _ := blockMap["type"].(string)
+		types = append(types, t)
+	}
+	return types
+}
+
+func ptrVal[T any](v *T) any {
+	if v == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return *v
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Ollama api.* tracing (shared between anthropic and middleware packages)
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// TraceChatRequest returns a compact trace representation of an Ollama ChatRequest.
+func TraceChatRequest(req *api.ChatRequest) map[string]any {
+	if req == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	stream := false
+	if req.Stream != nil {
+		stream = *req.Stream
+	}
+	return map[string]any{
+		"model":    req.Model,
+		"messages": TraceAPIMessages(req.Messages),
+		"tools":    TraceAPITools(req.Tools),
+		"stream":   stream,
+		"options":  req.Options,
+		"think":    TraceJSON(req.Think),
+	}
+}
+
+// TraceChatResponse returns a compact trace representation of an Ollama ChatResponse.
+func TraceChatResponse(resp api.ChatResponse) map[string]any {
+	return map[string]any{
+		"model":       resp.Model,
+		"done":        resp.Done,
+		"done_reason": resp.DoneReason,
+		"message":     TraceAPIMessage(resp.Message),
+		"metrics":     TraceJSON(resp.Metrics),
+	}
+}
+
+// TraceAPIMessages returns compact trace representations for a slice of api.Message.
+func TraceAPIMessages(msgs []api.Message) []map[string]any {
+	out := make([]map[string]any, 0, len(msgs))
+	for _, m := range msgs {
+		out = append(out, TraceAPIMessage(m))
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+// TraceAPIMessage returns a compact trace representation of a single api.Message.
+func TraceAPIMessage(m api.Message) map[string]any {
+	return map[string]any{
+		"role":         m.Role,
+		"content":      TraceTruncateString(m.Content),
+		"thinking":     TraceTruncateString(m.Thinking),
+		"images":       traceImageSizes(m.Images),
+		"tool_calls":   traceToolCalls(m.ToolCalls),
+		"tool_name":    m.ToolName,
+		"tool_call_id": m.ToolCallID,
+	}
+}
+
+func traceImageSizes(images []api.ImageData) []int {
+	if len(images) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	sizes := make([]int, 0, len(images))
+	for _, img := range images {
+		sizes = append(sizes, len(img))
+	}
+	return sizes
+}
+
+// TraceAPITools returns compact trace representations for a slice of api.Tool.
+func TraceAPITools(tools api.Tools) []map[string]any {
+	out := make([]map[string]any, 0, len(tools))
+	for _, t := range tools {
+		out = append(out, TraceAPITool(t))
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+// TraceAPITool returns a compact trace representation of a single api.Tool.
+func TraceAPITool(t api.Tool) map[string]any {
+	return map[string]any{
+		"type":        t.Type,
+		"name":        t.Function.Name,
+		"description": TraceTruncateString(t.Function.Description),
+		"parameters":  TraceJSON(t.Function.Parameters),
+	}
+}
+
+// TraceToolCall returns a compact trace representation of an api.ToolCall.
+func TraceToolCall(tc api.ToolCall) map[string]any {
+	return map[string]any{
+		"id":   tc.ID,
+		"name": tc.Function.Name,
+		"args": TraceJSON(tc.Function.Arguments),
+	}
+}
+
+func traceToolCalls(tcs []api.ToolCall) []map[string]any {
+	if len(tcs) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	out := make([]map[string]any, 0, len(tcs))
+	for _, tc := range tcs {
+		out = append(out, TraceToolCall(tc))
+	}
+	return out
+}
--- a/api/client.go
+++ b/api/client.go
@@ -0,0 +1,488 @@
+// Package api implements the client-side API for code wishing to interact
+// with the ollama service. The methods of the [Client] type correspond to
+// the ollama REST API as described in [the API documentation].
+// The ollama command-line client itself uses this package to interact with
+// the backend service.
+//
+// # Examples
+//
+// Several examples of using this package are available [in the GitHub
+// repository].
+//
+// [the API documentation]: https://github.com/ollama/ollama/blob/main/docs/api.md
+// [in the GitHub repository]: https://github.com/ollama/ollama/tree/main/api/examples
+package api
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/url"
+	"runtime"
+	"strconv"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/auth"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/envconfig"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/format"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/version"
+)
+
+// Client encapsulates client state for interacting with the ollama
+// service. Use [ClientFromEnvironment] to create new Clients.
+type Client struct {
+	base *url.URL
+	http *http.Client
+}
+
+func checkError(resp *http.Response, body []byte) error {
+	if resp.StatusCode < http.StatusBadRequest {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	if resp.StatusCode == http.StatusUnauthorized {
+		authError := AuthorizationError{StatusCode: resp.StatusCode}
+		json.Unmarshal(body, &authError)
+		return authError
+	}
+
+	apiError := StatusError{StatusCode: resp.StatusCode}
+
+	err := json.Unmarshal(body, &apiError)
+	if err != nil {
+		// Use the full body as the message if we fail to decode a response.
+		apiError.ErrorMessage = string(body)
+	}
+
+	return apiError
+}
+
+// ClientFromEnvironment creates a new [Client] using configuration from the
+// environment variable OLLAMA_HOST, which points to the network host and
+// port on which the ollama service is listening. The format of this variable
+// is:
+//
+//	<scheme>://<host>:<port>
+//
+// If the variable is not specified, a default ollama host and port will be
+// used.
+func ClientFromEnvironment() (*Client, error) {
+	return &Client{
+		base: envconfig.Host(),
+		http: http.DefaultClient,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func NewClient(base *url.URL, http *http.Client) *Client {
+	return &Client{
+		base: base,
+		http: http,
+	}
+}
+
+func getAuthorizationToken(ctx context.Context, challenge string) (string, error) {
+	token, err := auth.Sign(ctx, []byte(challenge))
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	return token, nil
+}
+
+func (c *Client) do(ctx context.Context, method, path string, reqData, respData any) error {
+	var reqBody io.Reader
+	var data []byte
+	var err error
+
+	switch reqData := reqData.(type) {
+	case io.Reader:
+		// reqData is already an io.Reader
+		reqBody = reqData
+	case nil:
+		// noop
+	default:
+		data, err = json.Marshal(reqData)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		reqBody = bytes.NewReader(data)
+	}
+
+	requestURL := c.base.JoinPath(path)
+
+	var token string
+	if envconfig.UseAuth() || c.base.Hostname() == "ollama.com" {
+		now := strconv.FormatInt(time.Now().Unix(), 10)
+		chal := fmt.Sprintf("%s,%s?ts=%s", method, path, now)
+		token, err = getAuthorizationToken(ctx, chal)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		q := requestURL.Query()
+		q.Set("ts", now)
+		requestURL.RawQuery = q.Encode()
+	}
+
+	request, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, method, requestURL.String(), reqBody)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	request.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	request.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json")
+	request.Header.Set("User-Agent", fmt.Sprintf("ollama/%s (%s %s) Go/%s", version.Version, runtime.GOARCH, runtime.GOOS, runtime.Version()))
+
+	if token != "" {
+		request.Header.Set("Authorization", token)
+	}
+
+	respObj, err := c.http.Do(request)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer respObj.Body.Close()
+
+	respBody, err := io.ReadAll(respObj.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if err := checkError(respObj, respBody); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if len(respBody) > 0 && respData != nil {
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(respBody, respData); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+const maxBufferSize = 8 * format.MegaByte
+
+func (c *Client) stream(ctx context.Context, method, path string, data any, fn func([]byte) error) error {
+	var buf io.Reader
+	if data != nil {
+		bts, err := json.Marshal(data)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		buf = bytes.NewBuffer(bts)
+	}
+
+	requestURL := c.base.JoinPath(path)
+
+	var token string
+	if envconfig.UseAuth() || c.base.Hostname() == "ollama.com" {
+		var err error
+		now := strconv.FormatInt(time.Now().Unix(), 10)
+		chal := fmt.Sprintf("%s,%s?ts=%s", method, path, now)
+		token, err = getAuthorizationToken(ctx, chal)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		q := requestURL.Query()
+		q.Set("ts", now)
+		requestURL.RawQuery = q.Encode()
+	}
+
+	request, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, method, requestURL.String(), buf)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	request.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	request.Header.Set("Accept", "application/x-ndjson")
+	request.Header.Set("User-Agent", fmt.Sprintf("ollama/%s (%s %s) Go/%s", version.Version, runtime.GOARCH, runtime.GOOS, runtime.Version()))
+
+	if token != "" {
+		request.Header.Set("Authorization", token)
+	}
+
+	response, err := c.http.Do(request)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer response.Body.Close()
+
+	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(response.Body)
+	// increase the buffer size to avoid running out of space
+	scanBuf := make([]byte, 0, maxBufferSize)
+	scanner.Buffer(scanBuf, maxBufferSize)
+	for scanner.Scan() {
+		var errorResponse struct {
+			Error     string `json:"error,omitempty"`
+			SigninURL string `json:"signin_url,omitempty"`
+		}
+
+		bts := scanner.Bytes()
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(bts, &errorResponse); err != nil {
+			if response.StatusCode >= http.StatusBadRequest {
+				return StatusError{
+					StatusCode:   response.StatusCode,
+					Status:       response.Status,
+					ErrorMessage: string(bts),
+				}
+			}
+			return errors.New(string(bts))
+		}
+
+		if response.StatusCode == http.StatusUnauthorized {
+			return AuthorizationError{
+				StatusCode: response.StatusCode,
+				Status:     response.Status,
+				SigninURL:  errorResponse.SigninURL,
+			}
+		} else if response.StatusCode >= http.StatusBadRequest {
+			return StatusError{
+				StatusCode:   response.StatusCode,
+				Status:       response.Status,
+				ErrorMessage: errorResponse.Error,
+			}
+		}
+
+		if errorResponse.Error != "" {
+			return errors.New(errorResponse.Error)
+		}
+
+		if err := fn(bts); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// GenerateResponseFunc is a function that [Client.Generate] invokes every time
+// a response is received from the service. If this function returns an error,
+// [Client.Generate] will stop generating and return this error.
+type GenerateResponseFunc func(GenerateResponse) error
+
+// Generate generates a response for a given prompt. The req parameter should
+// be populated with prompt details. fn is called for each response (there may
+// be multiple responses, e.g. in case streaming is enabled).
+func (c *Client) Generate(ctx context.Context, req *GenerateRequest, fn GenerateResponseFunc) error {
+	return c.stream(ctx, http.MethodPost, "/api/generate", req, func(bts []byte) error {
+		var resp GenerateResponse
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(bts, &resp); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		return fn(resp)
+	})
+}
+
+// ChatResponseFunc is a function that [Client.Chat] invokes every time
+// a response is received from the service. If this function returns an error,
+// [Client.Chat] will stop generating and return this error.
+type ChatResponseFunc func(ChatResponse) error
+
+// Chat generates the next message in a chat. [ChatRequest] may contain a
+// sequence of messages which can be used to maintain chat history with a model.
+// fn is called for each response (there may be multiple responses, e.g. if case
+// streaming is enabled).
+func (c *Client) Chat(ctx context.Context, req *ChatRequest, fn ChatResponseFunc) error {
+	return c.stream(ctx, http.MethodPost, "/api/chat", req, func(bts []byte) error {
+		var resp ChatResponse
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(bts, &resp); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		return fn(resp)
+	})
+}
+
+// PullProgressFunc is a function that [Client.Pull] invokes every time there
+// is progress with a "pull" request sent to the service. If this function
+// returns an error, [Client.Pull] will stop the process and return this error.
+type PullProgressFunc func(ProgressResponse) error
+
+// Pull downloads a model from the ollama library. fn is called each time
+// progress is made on the request and can be used to display a progress bar,
+// etc.
+func (c *Client) Pull(ctx context.Context, req *PullRequest, fn PullProgressFunc) error {
+	return c.stream(ctx, http.MethodPost, "/api/pull", req, func(bts []byte) error {
+		var resp ProgressResponse
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(bts, &resp); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		return fn(resp)
+	})
+}
+
+// PushProgressFunc is a function that [Client.Push] invokes when progress is
+// made.
+// It's similar to other progress function types like [PullProgressFunc].
+type PushProgressFunc func(ProgressResponse) error
+
+// Push uploads a model to the model library; requires registering for ollama.ai
+// and adding a public key first. fn is called each time progress is made on
+// the request and can be used to display a progress bar, etc.
+func (c *Client) Push(ctx context.Context, req *PushRequest, fn PushProgressFunc) error {
+	return c.stream(ctx, http.MethodPost, "/api/push", req, func(bts []byte) error {
+		var resp ProgressResponse
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(bts, &resp); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		return fn(resp)
+	})
+}
+
+// CreateProgressFunc is a function that [Client.Create] invokes when progress
+// is made.
+// It's similar to other progress function types like [PullProgressFunc].
+type CreateProgressFunc func(ProgressResponse) error
+
+// Create creates a model from a [Modelfile]. fn is a progress function that
+// behaves similarly to other methods (see [Client.Pull]).
+//
+// [Modelfile]: https://github.com/ollama/ollama/blob/main/docs/modelfile.mdx
+func (c *Client) Create(ctx context.Context, req *CreateRequest, fn CreateProgressFunc) error {
+	return c.stream(ctx, http.MethodPost, "/api/create", req, func(bts []byte) error {
+		var resp ProgressResponse
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(bts, &resp); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		return fn(resp)
+	})
+}
+
+// List lists models that are available locally.
+func (c *Client) List(ctx context.Context) (*ListResponse, error) {
+	var lr ListResponse
+	if err := c.do(ctx, http.MethodGet, "/api/tags", nil, &lr); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &lr, nil
+}
+
+// ModelRecommendationsExperimental lists model recommendations from the local
+// server's experimental recommendations endpoint.
+func (c *Client) ModelRecommendationsExperimental(ctx context.Context) (*ModelRecommendationsResponse, error) {
+	var resp ModelRecommendationsResponse
+	if err := c.do(ctx, http.MethodGet, "/api/experimental/model-recommendations", nil, &resp); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &resp, nil
+}
+
+// ListRunning lists running models.
+func (c *Client) ListRunning(ctx context.Context) (*ProcessResponse, error) {
+	var lr ProcessResponse
+	if err := c.do(ctx, http.MethodGet, "/api/ps", nil, &lr); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &lr, nil
+}
+
+// Copy copies a model - creating a model with another name from an existing
+// model.
+func (c *Client) Copy(ctx context.Context, req *CopyRequest) error {
+	if err := c.do(ctx, http.MethodPost, "/api/copy", req, nil); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Delete deletes a model and its data.
+func (c *Client) Delete(ctx context.Context, req *DeleteRequest) error {
+	if err := c.do(ctx, http.MethodDelete, "/api/delete", req, nil); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Show obtains model information, including details, modelfile, license etc.
+func (c *Client) Show(ctx context.Context, req *ShowRequest) (*ShowResponse, error) {
+	var resp ShowResponse
+	if err := c.do(ctx, http.MethodPost, "/api/show", req, &resp); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &resp, nil
+}
+
+// Heartbeat checks if the server has started and is responsive; if yes, it
+// returns nil, otherwise an error.
+func (c *Client) Heartbeat(ctx context.Context) error {
+	if err := c.do(ctx, http.MethodHead, "/", nil, nil); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Embed generates embeddings from a model.
+func (c *Client) Embed(ctx context.Context, req *EmbedRequest) (*EmbedResponse, error) {
+	var resp EmbedResponse
+	if err := c.do(ctx, http.MethodPost, "/api/embed", req, &resp); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &resp, nil
+}
+
+// Embeddings generates an embedding from a model.
+func (c *Client) Embeddings(ctx context.Context, req *EmbeddingRequest) (*EmbeddingResponse, error) {
+	var resp EmbeddingResponse
+	if err := c.do(ctx, http.MethodPost, "/api/embeddings", req, &resp); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &resp, nil
+}
+
+// CreateBlob creates a blob from a file on the server. digest is the
+// expected SHA256 digest of the file, and r represents the file.
+func (c *Client) CreateBlob(ctx context.Context, digest string, r io.Reader) error {
+	return c.do(ctx, http.MethodPost, fmt.Sprintf("/api/blobs/%s", digest), r, nil)
+}
+
+// Version returns the Ollama server version as a string.
+func (c *Client) Version(ctx context.Context) (string, error) {
+	var version struct {
+		Version string `json:"version"`
+	}
+
+	if err := c.do(ctx, http.MethodGet, "/api/version", nil, &version); err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+
+	return version.Version, nil
+}
+
+// CloudStatusExperimental returns whether cloud features are disabled on the server.
+func (c *Client) CloudStatusExperimental(ctx context.Context) (*StatusResponse, error) {
+	var status StatusResponse
+	if err := c.do(ctx, http.MethodGet, "/api/status", nil, &status); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return &status, nil
+}
+
+// Signout will signout a client for a local ollama server.
+func (c *Client) Signout(ctx context.Context) error {
+	return c.do(ctx, http.MethodPost, "/api/signout", nil, nil)
+}
+
+// Disconnect will disconnect an ollama instance from ollama.com.
+func (c *Client) Disconnect(ctx context.Context, encodedKey string) error {
+	return c.do(ctx, http.MethodDelete, fmt.Sprintf("/api/user/keys/%s", encodedKey), nil, nil)
+}
+
+func (c *Client) Whoami(ctx context.Context) (*UserResponse, error) {
+	var resp UserResponse
+	if err := c.do(ctx, http.MethodPost, "/api/me", nil, &resp); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &resp, nil
+}
--- a/api/client_test.go
+++ b/api/client_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,322 @@
+package api
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"net/url"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestClientFromEnvironment(t *testing.T) {
+	type testCase struct {
+		value  string
+		expect string
+		err    error
+	}
+
+	testCases := map[string]*testCase{
+		"empty":                      {value: "", expect: "http://127.0.0.1:11434"},
+		"only address":               {value: "1.2.3.4", expect: "http://1.2.3.4:11434"},
+		"only port":                  {value: ":1234", expect: "http://:1234"},
+		"address and port":           {value: "1.2.3.4:1234", expect: "http://1.2.3.4:1234"},
+		"scheme http and address":    {value: "http://1.2.3.4", expect: "http://1.2.3.4:80"},
+		"scheme https and address":   {value: "https://1.2.3.4", expect: "https://1.2.3.4:443"},
+		"scheme, address, and port":  {value: "https://1.2.3.4:1234", expect: "https://1.2.3.4:1234"},
+		"hostname":                   {value: "example.com", expect: "http://example.com:11434"},
+		"hostname and port":          {value: "example.com:1234", expect: "http://example.com:1234"},
+		"scheme http and hostname":   {value: "http://example.com", expect: "http://example.com:80"},
+		"scheme https and hostname":  {value: "https://example.com", expect: "https://example.com:443"},
+		"scheme, hostname, and port": {value: "https://example.com:1234", expect: "https://example.com:1234"},
+		"trailing slash":             {value: "example.com/", expect: "http://example.com:11434"},
+		"trailing slash port":        {value: "example.com:1234/", expect: "http://example.com:1234"},
+	}
+
+	for k, v := range testCases {
+		t.Run(k, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Setenv("OLLAMA_HOST", v.value)
+
+			client, err := ClientFromEnvironment()
+			if err != v.err {
+				t.Fatalf("expected %s, got %s", v.err, err)
+			}
+
+			if client.base.String() != v.expect {
+				t.Fatalf("expected %s, got %s", v.expect, client.base.String())
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// testError represents an internal error type with status code and message
+// this is used since the error response from the server is not a standard error struct
+type testError struct {
+	message    string
+	statusCode int
+	raw        bool // if true, write message as-is instead of JSON encoding
+}
+
+func (e testError) Error() string {
+	return e.message
+}
+
+func TestClientStream(t *testing.T) {
+	testCases := []struct {
+		name      string
+		responses []any
+		wantErr   string
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "immediate error response",
+			responses: []any{
+				testError{
+					message:    "test error message",
+					statusCode: http.StatusBadRequest,
+				},
+			},
+			wantErr: "test error message",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "error after successful chunks, ok response",
+			responses: []any{
+				ChatResponse{Message: Message{Content: "partial response 1"}},
+				ChatResponse{Message: Message{Content: "partial response 2"}},
+				testError{
+					message:    "mid-stream error",
+					statusCode: http.StatusOK,
+				},
+			},
+			wantErr: "mid-stream error",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "http status error takes precedence over general error",
+			responses: []any{
+				testError{
+					message:    "custom error message",
+					statusCode: http.StatusInternalServerError,
+				},
+			},
+			wantErr: "500",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "successful stream completion",
+			responses: []any{
+				ChatResponse{Message: Message{Content: "chunk 1"}},
+				ChatResponse{Message: Message{Content: "chunk 2"}},
+				ChatResponse{
+					Message:    Message{Content: "final chunk"},
+					Done:       true,
+					DoneReason: "stop",
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "plain text error response",
+			responses: []any{
+				"internal server error",
+			},
+			wantErr: "internal server error",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "HTML error page",
+			responses: []any{
+				"<html><body>404 Not Found</body></html>",
+			},
+			wantErr: "404 Not Found",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range testCases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			ts := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+				flusher, ok := w.(http.Flusher)
+				if !ok {
+					t.Fatal("expected http.Flusher")
+				}
+
+				w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/x-ndjson")
+
+				for _, resp := range tc.responses {
+					if errResp, ok := resp.(testError); ok {
+						w.WriteHeader(errResp.statusCode)
+						err := json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(map[string]string{
+							"error": errResp.message,
+						})
+						if err != nil {
+							t.Fatal("failed to encode error response:", err)
+						}
+						return
+					}
+
+					if str, ok := resp.(string); ok {
+						fmt.Fprintln(w, str)
+						flusher.Flush()
+						continue
+					}
+
+					if err := json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(resp); err != nil {
+						t.Fatalf("failed to encode response: %v", err)
+					}
+					flusher.Flush()
+				}
+			}))
+			defer ts.Close()
+
+			client := NewClient(&url.URL{Scheme: "http", Host: ts.Listener.Addr().String()}, http.DefaultClient)
+
+			var receivedChunks []ChatResponse
+			err := client.stream(t.Context(), http.MethodPost, "/v1/chat", nil, func(chunk []byte) error {
+				var resp ChatResponse
+				if err := json.Unmarshal(chunk, &resp); err != nil {
+					return fmt.Errorf("failed to unmarshal chunk: %w", err)
+				}
+				receivedChunks = append(receivedChunks, resp)
+				return nil
+			})
+
+			if tc.wantErr != "" {
+				if err == nil {
+					t.Fatal("expected error but got nil")
+				}
+				if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), tc.wantErr) {
+					t.Errorf("expected error containing %q, got %v", tc.wantErr, err)
+				}
+				return
+			}
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Errorf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestClientDo(t *testing.T) {
+	testCases := []struct {
+		name           string
+		response       any
+		wantErr        string
+		wantStatusCode int
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "immediate error response",
+			response: testError{
+				message:    "test error message",
+				statusCode: http.StatusBadRequest,
+			},
+			wantErr:        "test error message",
+			wantStatusCode: http.StatusBadRequest,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "server error response",
+			response: testError{
+				message:    "internal error",
+				statusCode: http.StatusInternalServerError,
+			},
+			wantErr:        "internal error",
+			wantStatusCode: http.StatusInternalServerError,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "successful response",
+			response: struct {
+				ID      string `json:"id"`
+				Success bool   `json:"success"`
+			}{
+				ID:      "msg_123",
+				Success: true,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "plain text error response",
+			response: testError{
+				message:    "internal server error",
+				statusCode: http.StatusInternalServerError,
+				raw:        true,
+			},
+			wantErr:        "internal server error",
+			wantStatusCode: http.StatusInternalServerError,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "HTML error page",
+			response: testError{
+				message:    "<html><body>404 Not Found</body></html>",
+				statusCode: http.StatusNotFound,
+				raw:        true,
+			},
+			wantErr:        "<html><body>404 Not Found</body></html>",
+			wantStatusCode: http.StatusNotFound,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range testCases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			ts := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+				if errResp, ok := tc.response.(testError); ok {
+					w.WriteHeader(errResp.statusCode)
+					if !errResp.raw {
+						err := json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(map[string]string{
+							"error": errResp.message,
+						})
+						if err != nil {
+							t.Fatal("failed to encode error response:", err)
+						}
+					} else {
+						// Write raw message (simulates non-JSON error responses)
+						fmt.Fprint(w, errResp.message)
+					}
+					return
+				}
+
+				w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+				if err := json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(tc.response); err != nil {
+					t.Fatalf("failed to encode response: %v", err)
+				}
+			}))
+			defer ts.Close()
+
+			client := NewClient(&url.URL{Scheme: "http", Host: ts.Listener.Addr().String()}, http.DefaultClient)
+
+			var resp struct {
+				ID      string `json:"id"`
+				Success bool   `json:"success"`
+			}
+			err := client.do(t.Context(), http.MethodPost, "/v1/messages", nil, &resp)
+
+			if tc.wantErr != "" {
+				if err == nil {
+					t.Fatalf("got nil, want error %q", tc.wantErr)
+				}
+				if err.Error() != tc.wantErr {
+					t.Errorf("error message mismatch: got %q, want %q", err.Error(), tc.wantErr)
+				}
+				if tc.wantStatusCode != 0 {
+					if statusErr, ok := err.(StatusError); ok {
+						if statusErr.StatusCode != tc.wantStatusCode {
+							t.Errorf("status code mismatch: got %d, want %d", statusErr.StatusCode, tc.wantStatusCode)
+						}
+					} else {
+						t.Errorf("expected StatusError, got %T", err)
+					}
+				}
+				return
+			}
+
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("got error %q, want nil", err)
+			}
+
+			if expectedResp, ok := tc.response.(struct {
+				ID      string `json:"id"`
+				Success bool   `json:"success"`
+			}); ok {
+				if resp.ID != expectedResp.ID {
+					t.Errorf("response ID mismatch: got %q, want %q", resp.ID, expectedResp.ID)
+				}
+				if resp.Success != expectedResp.Success {
+					t.Errorf("response Success mismatch: got %v, want %v", resp.Success, expectedResp.Success)
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
--- a/api/examples/README.md
+++ b/api/examples/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+# Ollama API Examples
+
+Run the examples in this directory with:
+
+```shell
+go run example_name/main.go
+```
+
+## Chat - Chat with a model
+- [chat/main.go](chat/main.go)
+
+## Generate - Generate text from a model
+- [generate/main.go](generate/main.go)
+- [generate-streaming/main.go](generate-streaming/main.go)
+
+## Pull - Pull a model
+- [pull-progress/main.go](pull-progress/main.go)
+
--- a/api/examples/chat/main.go
+++ b/api/examples/chat/main.go
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/api"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	client, err := api.ClientFromEnvironment()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	messages := []api.Message{
+		{
+			Role:    "system",
+			Content: "Provide very brief, concise responses",
+		},
+		{
+			Role:    "user",
+			Content: "Name some unusual animals",
+		},
+		{
+			Role:    "assistant",
+			Content: "Monotreme, platypus, echidna",
+		},
+		{
+			Role:    "user",
+			Content: "which of these is the most dangerous?",
+		},
+	}
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	req := &api.ChatRequest{
+		Model:    "llama3.2",
+		Messages: messages,
+	}
+
+	respFunc := func(resp api.ChatResponse) error {
+		fmt.Print(resp.Message.Content)
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	err = client.Chat(ctx, req, respFunc)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+}
--- a/api/examples/generate-streaming/main.go
+++ b/api/examples/generate-streaming/main.go
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/api"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	client, err := api.ClientFromEnvironment()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	// By default, GenerateRequest is streaming.
+	req := &api.GenerateRequest{
+		Model:  "gemma2",
+		Prompt: "how many planets are there?",
+	}
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	respFunc := func(resp api.GenerateResponse) error {
+		// Only print the response here; GenerateResponse has a number of other
+		// interesting fields you want to examine.
+
+		// In streaming mode, responses are partial so we call fmt.Print (and not
+		// Println) in order to avoid spurious newlines being introduced. The
+		// model will insert its own newlines if it wants.
+		fmt.Print(resp.Response)
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	err = client.Generate(ctx, req, respFunc)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	fmt.Println()
+}
--- a/api/examples/generate/main.go
+++ b/api/examples/generate/main.go
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/api"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	client, err := api.ClientFromEnvironment()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	req := &api.GenerateRequest{
+		Model:  "gemma2",
+		Prompt: "how many planets are there?",
+
+		// set streaming to false
+		Stream: new(bool),
+	}
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	respFunc := func(resp api.GenerateResponse) error {
+		// Only print the response here; GenerateResponse has a number of other
+		// interesting fields you want to examine.
+		fmt.Println(resp.Response)
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	err = client.Generate(ctx, req, respFunc)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+}
--- a/api/examples/multimodal/main.go
+++ b/api/examples/multimodal/main.go
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"os"
+
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/api"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	if len(os.Args) <= 1 {
+		log.Fatal("usage: <image name>")
+	}
+
+	imgData, err := os.ReadFile(os.Args[1])
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	client, err := api.ClientFromEnvironment()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	req := &api.GenerateRequest{
+		Model:  "llava",
+		Prompt: "describe this image",
+		Images: []api.ImageData{imgData},
+	}
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	respFunc := func(resp api.GenerateResponse) error {
+		// In streaming mode, responses are partial so we call fmt.Print (and not
+		// Println) in order to avoid spurious newlines being introduced. The
+		// model will insert its own newlines if it wants.
+		fmt.Print(resp.Response)
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	err = client.Generate(ctx, req, respFunc)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	fmt.Println()
+}
--- a/api/examples/pull-progress/main.go
+++ b/api/examples/pull-progress/main.go
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/api"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	client, err := api.ClientFromEnvironment()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	req := &api.PullRequest{
+		Model: "mistral",
+	}
+	progressFunc := func(resp api.ProgressResponse) error {
+		fmt.Printf("Progress: status=%v, total=%v, completed=%v\n", resp.Status, resp.Total, resp.Completed)
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	err = client.Pull(ctx, req, progressFunc)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+}
--- a/api/types.go
+++ b/api/types.go
--- a/api/types_test.go
+++ b/api/types_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,917 @@
+package api
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"math"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+// testPropsMap creates a ToolPropertiesMap from a map (convenience function for tests, order not preserved)
+func testPropsMap(m map[string]ToolProperty) *ToolPropertiesMap {
+	props := NewToolPropertiesMap()
+	for k, v := range m {
+		props.Set(k, v)
+	}
+	return props
+}
+
+// testArgs creates ToolCallFunctionArguments from a map (convenience function for tests, order not preserved)
+func testArgs(m map[string]any) ToolCallFunctionArguments {
+	args := NewToolCallFunctionArguments()
+	for k, v := range m {
+		args.Set(k, v)
+	}
+	return args
+}
+
+func TestKeepAliveParsingFromJSON(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name string
+		req  string
+		exp  *Duration
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "Unset",
+			req:  `{ }`,
+			exp:  nil,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Positive Integer",
+			req:  `{ "keep_alive": 42 }`,
+			exp:  &Duration{42 * time.Second},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Positive Float",
+			req:  `{ "keep_alive": 42.5 }`,
+			exp:  &Duration{42500 * time.Millisecond},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Positive Integer String",
+			req:  `{ "keep_alive": "42m" }`,
+			exp:  &Duration{42 * time.Minute},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Negative Integer",
+			req:  `{ "keep_alive": -1 }`,
+			exp:  &Duration{math.MaxInt64},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Negative Float",
+			req:  `{ "keep_alive": -3.14 }`,
+			exp:  &Duration{math.MaxInt64},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Negative Integer String",
+			req:  `{ "keep_alive": "-1m" }`,
+			exp:  &Duration{math.MaxInt64},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, test := range tests {
+		t.Run(test.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			var dec ChatRequest
+			err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(test.req), &dec)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			assert.Equal(t, test.exp, dec.KeepAlive)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDurationMarshalUnmarshal(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		input    time.Duration
+		expected time.Duration
+	}{
+		{
+			"negative duration",
+			time.Duration(-1),
+			time.Duration(math.MaxInt64),
+		},
+		{
+			"positive duration",
+			42 * time.Second,
+			42 * time.Second,
+		},
+		{
+			"another positive duration",
+			42 * time.Minute,
+			42 * time.Minute,
+		},
+		{
+			"zero duration",
+			time.Duration(0),
+			time.Duration(0),
+		},
+		{
+			"max duration",
+			time.Duration(math.MaxInt64),
+			time.Duration(math.MaxInt64),
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, test := range tests {
+		t.Run(test.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			b, err := json.Marshal(Duration{test.input})
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			var d Duration
+			err = json.Unmarshal(b, &d)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			assert.Equal(t, test.expected, d.Duration, "input %v, marshalled %v, got %v", test.input, string(b), d.Duration)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestUseMmapParsingFromJSON(t *testing.T) {
+	tr := true
+	fa := false
+	tests := []struct {
+		name string
+		req  string
+		exp  *bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "Undefined",
+			req:  `{ }`,
+			exp:  nil,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "True",
+			req:  `{ "use_mmap": true }`,
+			exp:  &tr,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "False",
+			req:  `{ "use_mmap": false }`,
+			exp:  &fa,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, test := range tests {
+		t.Run(test.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			var oMap map[string]any
+			err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(test.req), &oMap)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			opts := DefaultOptions()
+			err = opts.FromMap(oMap)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			assert.Equal(t, test.exp, opts.UseMMap)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestUseMmapFormatParams(t *testing.T) {
+	tr := true
+	fa := false
+	tests := []struct {
+		name string
+		req  map[string][]string
+		exp  *bool
+		err  error
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "True",
+			req: map[string][]string{
+				"use_mmap": {"true"},
+			},
+			exp: &tr,
+			err: nil,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "False",
+			req: map[string][]string{
+				"use_mmap": {"false"},
+			},
+			exp: &fa,
+			err: nil,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Numeric True",
+			req: map[string][]string{
+				"use_mmap": {"1"},
+			},
+			exp: &tr,
+			err: nil,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Numeric False",
+			req: map[string][]string{
+				"use_mmap": {"0"},
+			},
+			exp: &fa,
+			err: nil,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "invalid string",
+			req: map[string][]string{
+				"use_mmap": {"foo"},
+			},
+			exp: nil,
+			err: errors.New("invalid bool value [foo]"),
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, test := range tests {
+		t.Run(test.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			resp, err := FormatParams(test.req)
+			require.Equal(t, test.err, err)
+			respVal, ok := resp["use_mmap"]
+			if test.exp != nil {
+				assert.True(t, ok, "resp: %v", resp)
+				assert.Equal(t, *test.exp, *respVal.(*bool))
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMessage_UnmarshalJSON(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		input    string
+		expected string
+	}{
+		{`{"role": "USER", "content": "Hello!"}`, "user"},
+		{`{"role": "System", "content": "Initialization complete."}`, "system"},
+		{`{"role": "assistant", "content": "How can I help you?"}`, "assistant"},
+		{`{"role": "TOOl", "content": "Access granted."}`, "tool"},
+	}
+
+	for _, test := range tests {
+		var msg Message
+		if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(test.input), &msg); err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		if msg.Role != test.expected {
+			t.Errorf("role not lowercased: got %v, expected %v", msg.Role, test.expected)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestToolFunction_UnmarshalJSON(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name    string
+		input   string
+		wantErr string
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "valid enum with same types",
+			input: `{
+				"name": "test",
+				"description": "test function",
+				"parameters": {
+					"type": "object",
+					"required": ["test"],
+					"properties": {
+						"test": {
+							"type": "string",
+							"description": "test prop",
+							"enum": ["a", "b", "c"]
+						}
+					}
+				}
+			}`,
+			wantErr: "",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "empty enum array",
+			input: `{
+				"name": "test",
+				"description": "test function",
+				"parameters": {
+					"type": "object",
+					"required": ["test"],
+					"properties": {
+						"test": {
+							"type": "string",
+							"description": "test prop",
+							"enum": []
+						}
+					}
+				}
+			}`,
+			wantErr: "",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			var tf ToolFunction
+			err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(tt.input), &tf)
+
+			if tt.wantErr != "" {
+				require.Error(t, err)
+				assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), tt.wantErr)
+			} else {
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestToolFunctionParameters_MarshalJSON(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		input    ToolFunctionParameters
+		expected string
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "simple object with string property",
+			input: ToolFunctionParameters{
+				Type:     "object",
+				Required: []string{"name"},
+				Properties: testPropsMap(map[string]ToolProperty{
+					"name": {Type: PropertyType{"string"}},
+				}),
+			},
+			expected: `{"type":"object","required":["name"],"properties":{"name":{"type":"string"}}}`,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "no required",
+			input: ToolFunctionParameters{
+				Type: "object",
+				Properties: testPropsMap(map[string]ToolProperty{
+					"name": {Type: PropertyType{"string"}},
+				}),
+			},
+			expected: `{"type":"object","properties":{"name":{"type":"string"}}}`,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, test := range tests {
+		t.Run(test.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			data, err := json.Marshal(test.input)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			assert.Equal(t, test.expected, string(data))
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestToolCallFunction_IndexAlwaysMarshals(t *testing.T) {
+	fn := ToolCallFunction{
+		Name:      "echo",
+		Arguments: testArgs(map[string]any{"message": "hi"}),
+	}
+
+	data, err := json.Marshal(fn)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	raw := map[string]any{}
+	require.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal(data, &raw))
+	require.Contains(t, raw, "index")
+	assert.Equal(t, float64(0), raw["index"])
+
+	fn.Index = 3
+	data, err = json.Marshal(fn)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	raw = map[string]any{}
+	require.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal(data, &raw))
+	require.Contains(t, raw, "index")
+	assert.Equal(t, float64(3), raw["index"])
+}
+
+func TestPropertyType_UnmarshalJSON(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		input    string
+		expected PropertyType
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "string type",
+			input:    `"string"`,
+			expected: PropertyType{"string"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "array of types",
+			input:    `["string", "number"]`,
+			expected: PropertyType{"string", "number"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "array with single type",
+			input:    `["string"]`,
+			expected: PropertyType{"string"},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, test := range tests {
+		t.Run(test.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			var pt PropertyType
+			if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(test.input), &pt); err != nil {
+				t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+			}
+
+			if len(pt) != len(test.expected) {
+				t.Errorf("Length mismatch: got %v, expected %v", len(pt), len(test.expected))
+			}
+
+			for i, v := range pt {
+				if v != test.expected[i] {
+					t.Errorf("Value mismatch at index %d: got %v, expected %v", i, v, test.expected[i])
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPropertyType_MarshalJSON(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		input    PropertyType
+		expected string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "single type",
+			input:    PropertyType{"string"},
+			expected: `"string"`,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "multiple types",
+			input:    PropertyType{"string", "number"},
+			expected: `["string","number"]`,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "empty type",
+			input:    PropertyType{},
+			expected: `[]`,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, test := range tests {
+		t.Run(test.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			data, err := json.Marshal(test.input)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
+			}
+
+			if string(data) != test.expected {
+				t.Errorf("Marshaled data mismatch: got %v, expected %v", string(data), test.expected)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestThinking_UnmarshalJSON(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name             string
+		input            string
+		expectedThinking *ThinkValue
+		expectedError    bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name:             "true",
+			input:            `{ "think": true }`,
+			expectedThinking: &ThinkValue{Value: true},
+		},
+		{
+			name:             "false",
+			input:            `{ "think": false }`,
+			expectedThinking: &ThinkValue{Value: false},
+		},
+		{
+			name:             "unset",
+			input:            `{ }`,
+			expectedThinking: nil,
+		},
+		{
+			name:             "string_high",
+			input:            `{ "think": "high" }`,
+			expectedThinking: &ThinkValue{Value: "high"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:             "string_medium",
+			input:            `{ "think": "medium" }`,
+			expectedThinking: &ThinkValue{Value: "medium"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:             "string_low",
+			input:            `{ "think": "low" }`,
+			expectedThinking: &ThinkValue{Value: "low"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:             "string_max",
+			input:            `{ "think": "max" }`,
+			expectedThinking: &ThinkValue{Value: "max"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:             "invalid_string",
+			input:            `{ "think": "invalid" }`,
+			expectedThinking: nil,
+			expectedError:    true,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, test := range tests {
+		t.Run(test.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			var req GenerateRequest
+			err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(test.input), &req)
+			if test.expectedError {
+				require.Error(t, err)
+			} else {
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+				if test.expectedThinking == nil {
+					assert.Nil(t, req.Think)
+				} else {
+					require.NotNil(t, req.Think)
+					assert.Equal(t, test.expectedThinking.Value, req.Think.Value)
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestToolPropertyNestedProperties(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		input    string
+		expected ToolProperty
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "nested object properties",
+			input: `{
+				"type": "object",
+				"description": "Location details",
+				"properties": {
+					"address": {
+						"type": "string",
+						"description": "Street address"
+					},
+					"city": {
+						"type": "string",
+						"description": "City name"
+					}
+				}
+			}`,
+			expected: ToolProperty{
+				Type:        PropertyType{"object"},
+				Description: "Location details",
+				Properties: testPropsMap(map[string]ToolProperty{
+					"address": {
+						Type:        PropertyType{"string"},
+						Description: "Street address",
+					},
+					"city": {
+						Type:        PropertyType{"string"},
+						Description: "City name",
+					},
+				}),
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "deeply nested properties",
+			input: `{
+				"type": "object",
+				"description": "Event",
+				"properties": {
+					"location": {
+						"type": "object",
+						"description": "Location",
+						"properties": {
+							"coordinates": {
+								"type": "object",
+								"description": "GPS coordinates",
+								"properties": {
+									"lat": {"type": "number", "description": "Latitude"},
+									"lng": {"type": "number", "description": "Longitude"}
+								}
+							}
+						}
+					}
+				}
+			}`,
+			expected: ToolProperty{
+				Type:        PropertyType{"object"},
+				Description: "Event",
+				Properties: testPropsMap(map[string]ToolProperty{
+					"location": {
+						Type:        PropertyType{"object"},
+						Description: "Location",
+						Properties: testPropsMap(map[string]ToolProperty{
+							"coordinates": {
+								Type:        PropertyType{"object"},
+								Description: "GPS coordinates",
+								Properties: testPropsMap(map[string]ToolProperty{
+									"lat": {Type: PropertyType{"number"}, Description: "Latitude"},
+									"lng": {Type: PropertyType{"number"}, Description: "Longitude"},
+								}),
+							},
+						}),
+					},
+				}),
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			var prop ToolProperty
+			err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(tt.input), &prop)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			// Compare JSON representations since pointer comparison doesn't work
+			expectedJSON, err := json.Marshal(tt.expected)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			actualJSON, err := json.Marshal(prop)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			assert.JSONEq(t, string(expectedJSON), string(actualJSON))
+
+			// Round-trip test: marshal and unmarshal again
+			data, err := json.Marshal(prop)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			var prop2 ToolProperty
+			err = json.Unmarshal(data, &prop2)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			prop2JSON, err := json.Marshal(prop2)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			assert.JSONEq(t, string(expectedJSON), string(prop2JSON))
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestToolFunctionParameters_String(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		params   ToolFunctionParameters
+		expected string
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "simple object with string property",
+			params: ToolFunctionParameters{
+				Type:     "object",
+				Required: []string{"name"},
+				Properties: testPropsMap(map[string]ToolProperty{
+					"name": {
+						Type:        PropertyType{"string"},
+						Description: "The name of the person",
+					},
+				}),
+			},
+			expected: `{"type":"object","required":["name"],"properties":{"name":{"type":"string","description":"The name of the person"}}}`,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "marshal failure returns empty string",
+			params: ToolFunctionParameters{
+				Type: "object",
+				Defs: func() any {
+					// Create a cycle that will cause json.Marshal to fail
+					type selfRef struct {
+						Self *selfRef
+					}
+					s := &selfRef{}
+					s.Self = s
+					return s
+				}(),
+				Properties: testPropsMap(map[string]ToolProperty{}),
+			},
+			expected: "",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, test := range tests {
+		t.Run(test.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result := test.params.String()
+			assert.Equal(t, test.expected, result)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestToolCallFunctionArguments_OrderPreservation(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("marshal preserves insertion order", func(t *testing.T) {
+		args := NewToolCallFunctionArguments()
+		args.Set("zebra", "z")
+		args.Set("apple", "a")
+		args.Set("mango", "m")
+
+		data, err := json.Marshal(args)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		// Should preserve insertion order, not alphabetical
+		assert.Equal(t, `{"zebra":"z","apple":"a","mango":"m"}`, string(data))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("unmarshal preserves JSON order", func(t *testing.T) {
+		jsonData := `{"zebra":"z","apple":"a","mango":"m"}`
+
+		var args ToolCallFunctionArguments
+		err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(jsonData), &args)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		// Verify iteration order matches JSON order
+		var keys []string
+		for k := range args.All() {
+			keys = append(keys, k)
+		}
+		assert.Equal(t, []string{"zebra", "apple", "mango"}, keys)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("round trip preserves order", func(t *testing.T) {
+		original := `{"z":1,"a":2,"m":3,"b":4}`
+
+		var args ToolCallFunctionArguments
+		err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(original), &args)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		data, err := json.Marshal(args)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		assert.Equal(t, original, string(data))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("String method returns ordered JSON", func(t *testing.T) {
+		args := NewToolCallFunctionArguments()
+		args.Set("c", 3)
+		args.Set("a", 1)
+		args.Set("b", 2)
+
+		assert.Equal(t, `{"c":3,"a":1,"b":2}`, args.String())
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Get retrieves correct values", func(t *testing.T) {
+		args := NewToolCallFunctionArguments()
+		args.Set("key1", "value1")
+		args.Set("key2", 42)
+
+		v, ok := args.Get("key1")
+		assert.True(t, ok)
+		assert.Equal(t, "value1", v)
+
+		v, ok = args.Get("key2")
+		assert.True(t, ok)
+		assert.Equal(t, 42, v)
+
+		_, ok = args.Get("nonexistent")
+		assert.False(t, ok)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Len returns correct count", func(t *testing.T) {
+		args := NewToolCallFunctionArguments()
+		assert.Equal(t, 0, args.Len())
+
+		args.Set("a", 1)
+		assert.Equal(t, 1, args.Len())
+
+		args.Set("b", 2)
+		assert.Equal(t, 2, args.Len())
+	})
+
+	t.Run("empty args marshal to empty object", func(t *testing.T) {
+		args := NewToolCallFunctionArguments()
+		data, err := json.Marshal(args)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, `{}`, string(data))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("zero value args marshal to empty object", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var args ToolCallFunctionArguments
+		assert.Equal(t, "{}", args.String())
+	})
+}
+
+func TestToolPropertiesMap_OrderPreservation(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("marshal preserves insertion order", func(t *testing.T) {
+		props := NewToolPropertiesMap()
+		props.Set("zebra", ToolProperty{Type: PropertyType{"string"}})
+		props.Set("apple", ToolProperty{Type: PropertyType{"number"}})
+		props.Set("mango", ToolProperty{Type: PropertyType{"boolean"}})
+
+		data, err := json.Marshal(props)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		// Should preserve insertion order, not alphabetical
+		expected := `{"zebra":{"type":"string"},"apple":{"type":"number"},"mango":{"type":"boolean"}}`
+		assert.Equal(t, expected, string(data))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("unmarshal preserves JSON order", func(t *testing.T) {
+		jsonData := `{"zebra":{"type":"string"},"apple":{"type":"number"},"mango":{"type":"boolean"}}`
+
+		var props ToolPropertiesMap
+		err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(jsonData), &props)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		// Verify iteration order matches JSON order
+		var keys []string
+		for k := range props.All() {
+			keys = append(keys, k)
+		}
+		assert.Equal(t, []string{"zebra", "apple", "mango"}, keys)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("round trip preserves order", func(t *testing.T) {
+		original := `{"z":{"type":"string"},"a":{"type":"number"},"m":{"type":"boolean"}}`
+
+		var props ToolPropertiesMap
+		err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(original), &props)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		data, err := json.Marshal(props)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		assert.Equal(t, original, string(data))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Get retrieves correct values", func(t *testing.T) {
+		props := NewToolPropertiesMap()
+		props.Set("name", ToolProperty{Type: PropertyType{"string"}, Description: "The name"})
+		props.Set("age", ToolProperty{Type: PropertyType{"integer"}, Description: "The age"})
+
+		v, ok := props.Get("name")
+		assert.True(t, ok)
+		assert.Equal(t, "The name", v.Description)
+
+		v, ok = props.Get("age")
+		assert.True(t, ok)
+		assert.Equal(t, "The age", v.Description)
+
+		_, ok = props.Get("nonexistent")
+		assert.False(t, ok)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Len returns correct count", func(t *testing.T) {
+		props := NewToolPropertiesMap()
+		assert.Equal(t, 0, props.Len())
+
+		props.Set("a", ToolProperty{})
+		assert.Equal(t, 1, props.Len())
+
+		props.Set("b", ToolProperty{})
+		assert.Equal(t, 2, props.Len())
+	})
+
+	t.Run("nil props marshal to null", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var props *ToolPropertiesMap
+		data, err := json.Marshal(props)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, `null`, string(data))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("ToMap returns regular map", func(t *testing.T) {
+		props := NewToolPropertiesMap()
+		props.Set("a", ToolProperty{Type: PropertyType{"string"}})
+		props.Set("b", ToolProperty{Type: PropertyType{"number"}})
+
+		m := props.ToMap()
+		assert.Equal(t, 2, len(m))
+		assert.Equal(t, PropertyType{"string"}, m["a"].Type)
+		assert.Equal(t, PropertyType{"number"}, m["b"].Type)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestToolCallFunctionArguments_ComplexValues(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("nested objects preserve order", func(t *testing.T) {
+		jsonData := `{"outer":{"z":1,"a":2},"simple":"value"}`
+
+		var args ToolCallFunctionArguments
+		err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(jsonData), &args)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		// Outer keys should be in order
+		var keys []string
+		for k := range args.All() {
+			keys = append(keys, k)
+		}
+		assert.Equal(t, []string{"outer", "simple"}, keys)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("arrays as values", func(t *testing.T) {
+		args := NewToolCallFunctionArguments()
+		args.Set("items", []string{"a", "b", "c"})
+		args.Set("numbers", []int{1, 2, 3})
+
+		data, err := json.Marshal(args)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		assert.Equal(t, `{"items":["a","b","c"],"numbers":[1,2,3]}`, string(data))
+	})
+}
+
+func TestToolPropertiesMap_NestedProperties(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("nested properties preserve order", func(t *testing.T) {
+		props := NewToolPropertiesMap()
+
+		nestedProps := NewToolPropertiesMap()
+		nestedProps.Set("z_field", ToolProperty{Type: PropertyType{"string"}})
+		nestedProps.Set("a_field", ToolProperty{Type: PropertyType{"number"}})
+
+		props.Set("outer", ToolProperty{
+			Type:       PropertyType{"object"},
+			Properties: nestedProps,
+		})
+
+		data, err := json.Marshal(props)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		// Both outer and inner should preserve order
+		expected := `{"outer":{"type":"object","properties":{"z_field":{"type":"string"},"a_field":{"type":"number"}}}}`
+		assert.Equal(t, expected, string(data))
+	})
+}
--- a/api/types_typescript_test.go
+++ b/api/types_typescript_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+package api
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestToolParameterToTypeScriptType(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		param    ToolProperty
+		expected string
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "single string type",
+			param: ToolProperty{
+				Type: PropertyType{"string"},
+			},
+			expected: "string",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "single number type",
+			param: ToolProperty{
+				Type: PropertyType{"number"},
+			},
+			expected: "number",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "integer maps to number",
+			param: ToolProperty{
+				Type: PropertyType{"integer"},
+			},
+			expected: "number",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "boolean type",
+			param: ToolProperty{
+				Type: PropertyType{"boolean"},
+			},
+			expected: "boolean",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "array type",
+			param: ToolProperty{
+				Type: PropertyType{"array"},
+			},
+			expected: "any[]",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "object type",
+			param: ToolProperty{
+				Type: PropertyType{"object"},
+			},
+			expected: "Record<string, any>",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "null type",
+			param: ToolProperty{
+				Type: PropertyType{"null"},
+			},
+			expected: "null",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "multiple types as union",
+			param: ToolProperty{
+				Type: PropertyType{"string", "number"},
+			},
+			expected: "string | number",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "string or null union",
+			param: ToolProperty{
+				Type: PropertyType{"string", "null"},
+			},
+			expected: "string | null",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "anyOf with single types",
+			param: ToolProperty{
+				AnyOf: []ToolProperty{
+					{Type: PropertyType{"string"}},
+					{Type: PropertyType{"number"}},
+				},
+			},
+			expected: "string | number",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "anyOf with multiple types in each branch",
+			param: ToolProperty{
+				AnyOf: []ToolProperty{
+					{Type: PropertyType{"string", "null"}},
+					{Type: PropertyType{"number"}},
+				},
+			},
+			expected: "string | null | number",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "nested anyOf",
+			param: ToolProperty{
+				AnyOf: []ToolProperty{
+					{Type: PropertyType{"boolean"}},
+					{
+						AnyOf: []ToolProperty{
+							{Type: PropertyType{"string"}},
+							{Type: PropertyType{"number"}},
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			expected: "boolean | string | number",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "empty type returns any",
+			param: ToolProperty{
+				Type: PropertyType{},
+			},
+			expected: "any",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "unknown type maps to any",
+			param: ToolProperty{
+				Type: PropertyType{"unknown_type"},
+			},
+			expected: "any",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "multiple types including array",
+			param: ToolProperty{
+				Type: PropertyType{"string", "array", "null"},
+			},
+			expected: "string | any[] | null",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result := tt.param.ToTypeScriptType()
+			if result != tt.expected {
+				t.Errorf("ToTypeScriptType() = %q, want %q", result, tt.expected)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
--- a/app/.gitignore
+++ b/app/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+ollama.syso
+*.crt
+*.exe
+/app/app
+/app/squirrel
+ollama
+*cover*
+.vscode
+.env
+.DS_Store
+.claude
--- a/app/README.md
+++ b/app/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+# Ollama for macOS and Windows
+
+## Download
+
+- [macOS](https://github.com/ollama/app/releases/download/latest/Ollama.dmg)
+- [Windows](https://github.com/ollama/app/releases/download/latest/OllamaSetup.exe)
+
+## Development
+
+### Desktop App
+
+```bash
+go generate ./... &&
+go run ./cmd/app
+```
+
+### UI Development
+
+#### Setup
+
+Install required tools:
+
+```bash
+go install github.com/tkrajina/typescriptify-golang-structs/tscriptify@latest
+```
+
+#### Develop UI (Development Mode)
+
+1. Start the React development server (with hot-reload):
+
+```bash
+cd ui/app
+npm install
+npm run dev
+```
+
+2. In a separate terminal, run the Ollama app with the `-dev` flag:
+
+```bash
+go generate ./... &&
+OLLAMA_DEBUG=1 go run ./cmd/app -dev
+```
+
+The `-dev` flag enables:
+
+- Loading the UI from the Vite dev server at http://localhost:5173
+- Fixed UI server port at http://127.0.0.1:3001 for API requests
+- CORS headers for cross-origin requests
+- Hot-reload support for UI development
+
+## Build
+
+
+### Windows
+
+- https://jrsoftware.org/isinfo.php
+
+
+**Dependencies** - either build a local copy of ollama, or use a github release
+```powershell
+# Local dependencies
+.\scripts\deps_local.ps1
+
+# Release dependencies
+.\scripts\deps_release.ps1 0.6.8
+```
+
+**Build**
+```powershell
+.\scripts\build_windows.ps1
+```
+
+### macOS
+
+CI builds with Xcode 14.1 for OS compatibility prior to v13.  If you want to manually build v11+ support, you can download the older Xcode [here](https://developer.apple.com/services-account/download?path=/Developer_Tools/Xcode_14.1/Xcode_14.1.xip), extract, then `mv ./Xcode.app /Applications/Xcode_14.1.0.app` then activate with:
+
+```
+export CGO_CFLAGS="-O3 -mmacosx-version-min=12.0"
+export CGO_CXXFLAGS="-O3 -mmacosx-version-min=12.0"
+export CGO_LDFLAGS="-mmacosx-version-min=12.0"
+export SDKROOT=/Applications/Xcode_14.1.0.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk
+export DEVELOPER_DIR=/Applications/Xcode_14.1.0.app/Contents/Developer
+```
+
+**Dependencies** - either build a local copy of Ollama, or use a GitHub release:
+```sh
+# Local dependencies
+./scripts/deps_local.sh
+
+# Release dependencies
+./scripts/deps_release.sh 0.6.8
+```
+
+**Build**
+```sh
+./scripts/build_darwin.sh
+```
--- a/app/assets/app.ico
+++ b/app/assets/app.ico
--- a/app/assets/assets.go
+++ b/app/assets/assets.go
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+//go:build windows || darwin
+
+package assets
+
+import (
+	"embed"
+	"io/fs"
+)
+
+//go:embed *.ico
+var icons embed.FS
+
+func ListIcons() ([]string, error) {
+	return fs.Glob(icons, "*")
+}
+
+func GetIcon(filename string) ([]byte, error) {
+	return icons.ReadFile(filename)
+}
--- a/app/assets/background.png
+++ b/app/assets/background.png
--- a/app/assets/setup.bmp
+++ b/app/assets/setup.bmp
--- a/app/assets/tray.ico
+++ b/app/assets/tray.ico
--- a/app/assets/tray_upgrade.ico
+++ b/app/assets/tray_upgrade.ico
--- a/app/auth/connect.go
+++ b/app/auth/connect.go
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+//go:build windows || darwin
+
+package auth
+
+import (
+	"encoding/base64"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/url"
+	"os"
+
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/auth"
+)
+
+// BuildConnectURL generates the connect URL with the public key and device name
+func BuildConnectURL(baseURL string) (string, error) {
+	pubKey, err := auth.GetPublicKey()
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to get public key: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	encodedKey := base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte(pubKey))
+	hostname, _ := os.Hostname()
+	encodedDevice := url.QueryEscape(hostname)
+
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s/connect?name=%s&key=%s&launch=true", baseURL, encodedDevice, encodedKey), nil
+}
--- a/app/cmd/app/AppDelegate.h
+++ b/app/cmd/app/AppDelegate.h
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#import <Cocoa/Cocoa.h>
+
+@interface AppDelegate : NSObject <NSApplicationDelegate>
+
+- (void)applicationDidFinishLaunching:(NSNotification *)aNotification;
+
+@end
--- a/app/cmd/app/app.go
+++ b/app/cmd/app/app.go
@@ -0,0 +1,507 @@
+//go:build windows || darwin
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"log/slog"
+	"net"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/url"
+	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"os/signal"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"runtime"
+	"strings"
+	"syscall"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/app/auth"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/app/logrotate"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/app/server"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/app/store"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/app/tools"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/app/ui"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/app/updater"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/app/version"
+)
+
+var (
+	wv           = &Webview{}
+	uiServerPort int
+	appStore     *store.Store
+)
+
+var debug = strings.EqualFold(os.Getenv("OLLAMA_DEBUG"), "true") || os.Getenv("OLLAMA_DEBUG") == "1"
+
+var (
+	fastStartup = false
+	devMode     = false
+)
+
+type appMove int
+
+const (
+	CannotMove appMove = iota
+	UserDeclinedMove
+	MoveCompleted
+	AlreadyMoved
+	LoginSession
+	PermissionDenied
+	MoveError
+)
+
+func main() {
+	startHidden := false
+	var urlSchemeRequest string
+	if len(os.Args) > 1 {
+		for _, arg := range os.Args {
+			// Handle URL scheme requests (Windows)
+			if strings.HasPrefix(arg, "ollama://") {
+				urlSchemeRequest = arg
+				slog.Info("received URL scheme request", "url", arg)
+				continue
+			}
+			switch arg {
+			case "serve":
+				fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "serve command not supported, use ollama")
+				os.Exit(1)
+			case "version", "-v", "--version":
+				fmt.Println(version.Version)
+				os.Exit(0)
+			case "background":
+				// When running the process in this "background" mode, we spawn a
+				// child process for the main app.  This is necessary so the
+				// "Allow in the Background" setting in MacOS can be unchecked
+				// without breaking the main app.  Two copies of the app are
+				// present in the bundle, one for the main app and one for the
+				// background initiator.
+				fmt.Fprintln(os.Stdout, "starting in background")
+				runInBackground()
+				os.Exit(0)
+			case "hidden", "-j", "--hide":
+				// startHidden suppresses the UI on startup, and can be triggered multiple ways
+				// On windows, path based via login startup detection
+				// On MacOS via [NSApp isHidden] from `open -j -a /Applications/Ollama.app` or equivalent
+				// On both via the "hidden" command line argument
+				startHidden = true
+			case "--fast-startup":
+				// Skip optional steps like pending updates to start quickly for immediate use
+				fastStartup = true
+			case "-dev", "--dev":
+				// Development mode: use local dev server and enable CORS
+				devMode = true
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	level := slog.LevelInfo
+	if debug {
+		level = slog.LevelDebug
+	}
+
+	logrotate.Rotate(appLogPath)
+	if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Dir(appLogPath)); errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
+		if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(appLogPath), 0o755); err != nil {
+			slog.Error(fmt.Sprintf("failed to create server log dir %v", err))
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	var logFile io.Writer
+	var err error
+	logFile, err = os.OpenFile(appLogPath, os.O_APPEND|os.O_WRONLY|os.O_CREATE, 0o755)
+	if err != nil {
+		slog.Error(fmt.Sprintf("failed to create server log %v", err))
+		return
+	}
+	// Detect if we're a GUI app on windows, and if not, send logs to console as well
+	if os.Stderr.Fd() != 0 {
+		// Console app detected
+		logFile = io.MultiWriter(os.Stderr, logFile)
+	}
+
+	handler := slog.NewTextHandler(logFile, &slog.HandlerOptions{
+		Level:     level,
+		AddSource: true,
+		ReplaceAttr: func(_ []string, attr slog.Attr) slog.Attr {
+			if attr.Key == slog.SourceKey {
+				source := attr.Value.Any().(*slog.Source)
+				source.File = filepath.Base(source.File)
+			}
+			return attr
+		},
+	})
+
+	slog.SetDefault(slog.New(handler))
+	logStartup()
+
+	// On Windows, check if another instance is running and send URL to it
+	// Do this after logging is set up so we can debug issues
+	if runtime.GOOS == "windows" && urlSchemeRequest != "" {
+		slog.Debug("checking for existing instance", "url", urlSchemeRequest)
+		if checkAndHandleExistingInstance(urlSchemeRequest) {
+			// The function will exit if it successfully sends to another instance
+			// If we reach here, we're the first/only instance
+		} else {
+			// No existing instance found, handle the URL scheme in this instance
+			go func() {
+				handleURLSchemeInCurrentInstance(urlSchemeRequest)
+			}()
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Detect if this is a first start after an upgrade, in
+	// which case we need to do some cleanup
+	var skipMove bool
+	if _, err := os.Stat(updater.UpgradeMarkerFile); err == nil {
+		slog.Debug("first start after upgrade")
+		err = updater.DoPostUpgradeCleanup()
+		if err != nil {
+			slog.Error("failed to cleanup prior version", "error", err)
+		}
+		// We never prompt to move the app after an upgrade
+		skipMove = true
+		// Start hidden after updates to prevent UI from opening automatically
+		startHidden = true
+	}
+
+	if !skipMove && !fastStartup {
+		if maybeMoveAndRestart() == MoveCompleted {
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Check if another instance is already running
+	// On Windows, focus the existing instance; on other platforms, kill it
+	handleExistingInstance(startHidden)
+
+	// on macOS, offer the user to create a symlink
+	// from /usr/local/bin/ollama to the app bundle
+	installSymlink()
+
+	var ln net.Listener
+	if devMode {
+		// Use a fixed port in dev mode for predictable API access
+		ln, err = net.Listen("tcp", "127.0.0.1:3001")
+	} else {
+		ln, err = net.Listen("tcp", "127.0.0.1:0")
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		slog.Error("failed to find available port", "error", err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	port := ln.Addr().(*net.TCPAddr).Port
+	token := uuid.NewString()
+	wv.port = port
+	wv.token = token
+	uiServerPort = port
+
+	st := &store.Store{}
+	appStore = st
+
+	// Enable CORS in development mode
+	if devMode {
+		os.Setenv("OLLAMA_CORS", "1")
+
+		// Check if Vite dev server is running on port 5173
+		var conn net.Conn
+		var err error
+		for _, addr := range []string{"127.0.0.1:5173", "localhost:5173"} {
+			conn, err = net.DialTimeout("tcp", addr, 2*time.Second)
+			if err == nil {
+				conn.Close()
+				break
+			}
+		}
+
+		if err != nil {
+			slog.Error("Vite dev server not running on port 5173")
+			fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "Error: Vite dev server is not running on port 5173")
+			fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "Please run 'npm run dev' in the ui/app directory to start the UI in development mode")
+			os.Exit(1)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Initialize tools registry
+	toolRegistry := tools.NewRegistry()
+	slog.Info("initialized tools registry", "tool_count", len(toolRegistry.List()))
+
+	// ctx is the app-level context that will be used to stop the app
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+
+	// octx is the ollama server context that will be used to stop the ollama server
+	octx, ocancel := context.WithCancel(ctx)
+
+	// TODO (jmorganca): instead we should instantiate the
+	// webview with the store instead of assigning it here, however
+	// making the webview a global variable is easier for now
+	wv.Store = st
+	done := make(chan error, 1)
+	osrv := server.New(st, devMode)
+	go func() {
+		slog.Info("starting ollama server")
+		done <- osrv.Run(octx)
+	}()
+
+	upd := &updater.Updater{Store: st}
+
+	uiServer := ui.Server{
+		Token: token,
+		Restart: func() {
+			ocancel()
+			<-done
+			octx, ocancel = context.WithCancel(ctx)
+			go func() {
+				done <- osrv.Run(octx)
+			}()
+		},
+		Store:        st,
+		ToolRegistry: toolRegistry,
+		Dev:          devMode,
+		Logger:       slog.Default(),
+		Updater:      upd,
+		UpdateAvailableFunc: func() {
+			UpdateAvailable("")
+		},
+	}
+
+	srv := &http.Server{
+		Handler: uiServer.Handler(),
+	}
+
+	// Start the UI server
+	slog.Info("starting ui server", "port", port)
+	go func() {
+		slog.Debug("starting ui server on port", "port", port)
+		err = srv.Serve(ln)
+		if err != nil && !errors.Is(err, http.ErrServerClosed) {
+			slog.Warn("desktop server", "error", err)
+		}
+		slog.Debug("background desktop server done")
+	}()
+
+	upd.StartBackgroundUpdaterChecker(ctx, UpdateAvailable)
+
+	// Check for pending updates on startup (show tray notification if update is ready)
+	if updater.IsUpdatePending() {
+		// On Windows, the tray is initialized in osRun(). Calling UpdateAvailable
+		// before that would dereference a nil tray callback.
+		// TODO: refactor so the update check runs after platform init on all platforms.
+		if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
+			slog.Debug("update pending on startup, deferring tray notification until tray initialization")
+		} else {
+			slog.Debug("update pending on startup, showing tray notification")
+			UpdateAvailable("")
+		}
+	}
+
+	hasCompletedFirstRun, err := st.HasCompletedFirstRun()
+	if err != nil {
+		slog.Error("failed to load has completed first run", "error", err)
+	}
+
+	if !hasCompletedFirstRun {
+		err = st.SetHasCompletedFirstRun(true)
+		if err != nil {
+			slog.Error("failed to set has completed first run", "error", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// capture SIGINT and SIGTERM signals and gracefully shutdown the app
+	signals := make(chan os.Signal, 1)
+	signal.Notify(signals, syscall.SIGINT, syscall.SIGTERM)
+	go func() {
+		<-signals
+		slog.Info("received SIGINT or SIGTERM signal, shutting down")
+		quit()
+	}()
+
+	if urlSchemeRequest != "" {
+		go func() {
+			handleURLSchemeInCurrentInstance(urlSchemeRequest)
+		}()
+	} else {
+		slog.Debug("no URL scheme request to handle")
+	}
+
+	go func() {
+		slog.Debug("waiting for ollama server to be ready")
+		if err := ui.WaitForServer(ctx, 10*time.Second); err != nil {
+			slog.Warn("ollama server not ready, continuing anyway", "error", err)
+		}
+
+		if _, err := uiServer.UserData(ctx); err != nil {
+			slog.Warn("failed to load user data", "error", err)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	osRun(cancel, hasCompletedFirstRun, startHidden)
+
+	slog.Info("shutting down desktop server")
+	if err := srv.Close(); err != nil {
+		slog.Warn("error shutting down desktop server", "error", err)
+	}
+
+	slog.Info("shutting down ollama server")
+	cancel()
+	<-done
+}
+
+func startHiddenTasks() {
+	// If an upgrade is ready and we're in hidden mode, perform it at startup.
+	// If we're not in hidden mode, we want to start as fast as possible and not
+	// slow the user down with an upgrade.
+	if updater.IsUpdatePending() {
+		if fastStartup {
+			// CLI triggered app startup use-case
+			slog.Info("deferring pending update for fast startup")
+		} else {
+			// Check if auto-update is enabled before automatically upgrading
+			settings, err := appStore.Settings()
+			if err != nil {
+				slog.Warn("failed to load settings for upgrade check", "error", err)
+			} else if !settings.AutoUpdateEnabled {
+				slog.Info("auto-update disabled, skipping automatic upgrade at startup")
+				// Still show tray notification so user knows update is ready
+				UpdateAvailable("")
+				return
+			}
+
+			if err := updater.DoUpgradeAtStartup(); err != nil {
+				slog.Info("unable to perform upgrade at startup", "error", err)
+				// Make sure the restart to upgrade menu shows so we can attempt an interactive upgrade to get authorization
+				UpdateAvailable("")
+			} else {
+				slog.Debug("launching new version...")
+				// TODO - consider a timer that aborts if this takes too long and we haven't been killed yet...
+				LaunchNewApp()
+				os.Exit(0)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func checkUserLoggedIn(uiServerPort int) bool {
+	if uiServerPort == 0 {
+		slog.Debug("UI server not ready yet, skipping auth check")
+		return false
+	}
+
+	resp, err := http.Post(fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d/api/me", uiServerPort), "application/json", nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		slog.Debug("failed to call local auth endpoint", "error", err)
+		return false
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+	// Check if the response is successful
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		slog.Debug("auth endpoint returned non-OK status", "status", resp.StatusCode)
+		return false
+	}
+
+	var user struct {
+		ID   string `json:"id"`
+		Name string `json:"name"`
+	}
+
+	if err := json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(&user); err != nil {
+		slog.Debug("failed to parse user response", "error", err)
+		return false
+	}
+
+	// Verify we have a valid user with an ID and name
+	if user.ID == "" || user.Name == "" {
+		slog.Debug("user response missing required fields", "id", user.ID, "name", user.Name)
+		return false
+	}
+
+	slog.Debug("user is logged in", "user_id", user.ID, "user_name", user.Name)
+	return true
+}
+
+// handleConnectURLScheme fetches the connect URL and opens it in the browser
+func handleConnectURLScheme() {
+	if checkUserLoggedIn(uiServerPort) {
+		slog.Info("user is already logged in, opening app instead")
+		showWindow(wv.webview.Window())
+		return
+	}
+
+	connectURL, err := auth.BuildConnectURL("https://ollama.com")
+	if err != nil {
+		slog.Error("failed to build connect URL", "error", err)
+		openInBrowser("https://ollama.com/connect")
+		return
+	}
+
+	openInBrowser(connectURL)
+}
+
+// openInBrowser opens the specified URL in the default browser
+func openInBrowser(url string) {
+	var cmd string
+	var args []string
+
+	switch runtime.GOOS {
+	case "windows":
+		cmd = "rundll32"
+		args = []string{"url.dll,FileProtocolHandler", url}
+	case "darwin":
+		cmd = "open"
+		args = []string{url}
+	default: // "linux", "freebsd", "openbsd", "netbsd"... should not reach here
+		slog.Warn("unsupported OS for openInBrowser", "os", runtime.GOOS)
+	}
+
+	slog.Info("executing browser command", "cmd", cmd, "args", args)
+	if err := exec.Command(cmd, args...).Start(); err != nil {
+		slog.Error("failed to open URL in browser", "url", url, "cmd", cmd, "args", args, "error", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// parseURLScheme parses an ollama:// URL and validates it
+// Supports: ollama:// (open app) and ollama://connect (OAuth)
+func parseURLScheme(urlSchemeRequest string) (isConnect bool, err error) {
+	parsedURL, err := url.Parse(urlSchemeRequest)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, fmt.Errorf("invalid URL: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Check if this is a connect URL
+	if parsedURL.Host == "connect" || strings.TrimPrefix(parsedURL.Path, "/") == "connect" {
+		return true, nil
+	}
+
+	// Allow bare ollama:// or ollama:/// to open the app
+	if (parsedURL.Host == "" && parsedURL.Path == "") || parsedURL.Path == "/" {
+		return false, nil
+	}
+
+	return false, fmt.Errorf("unsupported ollama:// URL path: %s", urlSchemeRequest)
+}
+
+// handleURLSchemeInCurrentInstance processes URL scheme requests in the current instance
+func handleURLSchemeInCurrentInstance(urlSchemeRequest string) {
+	isConnect, err := parseURLScheme(urlSchemeRequest)
+	if err != nil {
+		slog.Error("failed to parse URL scheme request", "url", urlSchemeRequest, "error", err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	if isConnect {
+		handleConnectURLScheme()
+	} else {
+		if wv.webview != nil {
+			showWindow(wv.webview.Window())
+		}
+	}
+}
--- a/app/cmd/app/app_darwin.go
+++ b/app/cmd/app/app_darwin.go
@@ -0,0 +1,262 @@
+//go:build windows || darwin
+
+package main
+
+// #cgo CFLAGS: -x objective-c
+// #cgo LDFLAGS: -framework Webkit -framework Cocoa -framework LocalAuthentication -framework ServiceManagement
+// #include "app_darwin.h"
+// #include "../../updater/updater_darwin.h"
+// typedef const char cchar_t;
+import "C"
+
+import (
+	"log/slog"
+	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+	"unsafe"
+
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/app/updater"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/app/version"
+)
+
+var ollamaPath = func() string {
+	if updater.BundlePath != "" {
+		return filepath.Join(updater.BundlePath, "Contents", "Resources", "ollama")
+	}
+
+	pwd, err := os.Getwd()
+	if err != nil {
+		slog.Warn("failed to get pwd", "error", err)
+		return ""
+	}
+	return filepath.Join(pwd, "ollama")
+}()
+
+var (
+	isApp           = updater.BundlePath != ""
+	appLogPath      = filepath.Join(os.Getenv("HOME"), ".ollama", "logs", "app.log")
+	launchAgentPath = filepath.Join(os.Getenv("HOME"), "Library", "LaunchAgents", "com.ollama.ollama.plist")
+)
+
+// TODO(jmorganca): pre-create the window and pass
+// it to the webview instead of using the internal one
+//
+//export StartUI
+func StartUI(path *C.cchar_t) {
+	p := C.GoString(path)
+	wv.Run(p)
+	styleWindow(wv.webview.Window())
+	C.setWindowDelegate(wv.webview.Window())
+}
+
+//export ShowUI
+func ShowUI() {
+	// If webview is already running, just show the window
+	if wv.IsRunning() && wv.webview != nil {
+		showWindow(wv.webview.Window())
+	} else {
+		root := C.CString("/")
+		defer C.free(unsafe.Pointer(root))
+		StartUI(root)
+	}
+}
+
+//export StopUI
+func StopUI() {
+	wv.Terminate()
+}
+
+//export StartUpdate
+func StartUpdate() {
+	if err := updater.DoUpgrade(true); err != nil {
+		slog.Error("upgrade failed", "error", err)
+		return
+	}
+	slog.Debug("launching new version...")
+	// TODO - consider a timer that aborts if this takes too long and we haven't been killed yet...
+	LaunchNewApp()
+	// not reached if upgrade works, the new app will kill this process
+}
+
+//export darwinStartHiddenTasks
+func darwinStartHiddenTasks() {
+	startHiddenTasks()
+}
+
+func init() {
+	// Temporary code to mimic Squirrel ShipIt behavior
+	if len(os.Args) > 2 {
+		if os.Args[1] == "___launch___" {
+			path := strings.TrimPrefix(os.Args[2], "file://")
+			slog.Info("Ollama binary called as ShipIt - launching", "app", path)
+			appName := C.CString(path)
+			defer C.free(unsafe.Pointer(appName))
+			C.launchApp(appName)
+			slog.Info("other instance has been launched")
+			time.Sleep(5 * time.Second)
+			slog.Info("exiting with zero status")
+			os.Exit(0)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// maybeMoveAndRestart checks if we should relocate
+// and returns true if we did and should immediately exit
+func maybeMoveAndRestart() appMove {
+	if updater.BundlePath == "" {
+		// Typically developer mode with 'go run ./cmd/app'
+		return CannotMove
+	}
+	// Respect users intent if they chose "keep" vs. "replace" when dragging to Applications
+	if strings.HasPrefix(updater.BundlePath, strings.TrimSuffix(updater.SystemWidePath, filepath.Ext(updater.SystemWidePath))) {
+		return AlreadyMoved
+	}
+
+	// Ask to move to applications directory
+	status := (appMove)(C.askToMoveToApplications())
+	if status == MoveCompleted {
+		// Double check
+		if _, err := os.Stat(updater.SystemWidePath); err != nil {
+			slog.Warn("stat failure after move", "path", updater.SystemWidePath, "error", err)
+			return MoveError
+		}
+	}
+	return status
+}
+
+// handleExistingInstance handles existing instances on macOS
+func handleExistingInstance(_ bool) {
+	C.killOtherInstances()
+}
+
+func installSymlink() {
+	if !isApp {
+		return
+	}
+	cliPath := C.CString(ollamaPath)
+	defer C.free(unsafe.Pointer(cliPath))
+
+	// Check the users path first
+	cmd, _ := exec.LookPath("ollama")
+	if cmd != "" {
+		resolved, err := os.Readlink(cmd)
+		if err == nil {
+			tmp, err := filepath.Abs(resolved)
+			if err == nil {
+				resolved = tmp
+			}
+		} else {
+			resolved = cmd
+		}
+		if resolved == ollamaPath {
+			slog.Info("ollama already in users PATH", "cli", cmd)
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	code := C.installSymlink(cliPath)
+	if code != 0 {
+		slog.Error("Failed to install symlink")
+	}
+}
+
+func UpdateAvailable(ver string) error {
+	slog.Debug("update detected, adjusting menu")
+	// TODO (jmorganca): find a better check for development mode than checking the bundle path
+	if updater.BundlePath != "" {
+		C.updateAvailable()
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func osRun(_ func(), hasCompletedFirstRun, startHidden bool) {
+	registerLaunchAgent(hasCompletedFirstRun)
+
+	// Run the native macOS app
+	// Note: this will block until the app is closed
+	slog.Debug("starting native darwin event loop")
+	C.run(C._Bool(hasCompletedFirstRun), C._Bool(startHidden))
+}
+
+func quit() {
+	C.quit()
+}
+
+func LaunchNewApp() {
+	appName := C.CString(updater.BundlePath)
+	defer C.free(unsafe.Pointer(appName))
+	C.launchApp(appName)
+}
+
+func registerLaunchAgent(hasCompletedFirstRun bool) {
+	// Remove any stale Login Item registrations
+	C.unregisterSelfFromLoginItem()
+
+	C.registerSelfAsLoginItem(C._Bool(hasCompletedFirstRun))
+}
+
+func logStartup() {
+	appPath := updater.BundlePath
+	if appPath == updater.SystemWidePath {
+		// Detect sandboxed scenario
+		exe, err := os.Executable()
+		if err == nil {
+			p := filepath.Dir(exe)
+			if filepath.Base(p) == "MacOS" {
+				p = filepath.Dir(filepath.Dir(p))
+				if p != appPath {
+					slog.Info("starting sandboxed Ollama", "app", appPath, "sandbox", p)
+					return
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	slog.Info("starting Ollama", "app", appPath, "version", version.Version, "OS", updater.UserAgentOS)
+}
+
+func hideWindow(ptr unsafe.Pointer) {
+	C.hideWindow(C.uintptr_t(uintptr(ptr)))
+}
+
+func showWindow(ptr unsafe.Pointer) {
+	C.showWindow(C.uintptr_t(uintptr(ptr)))
+}
+
+func styleWindow(ptr unsafe.Pointer) {
+	C.styleWindow(C.uintptr_t(uintptr(ptr)))
+}
+
+func runInBackground() {
+	cmd := exec.Command(filepath.Join(updater.BundlePath, "Contents", "MacOS", "Ollama"), "hidden")
+	if cmd != nil {
+		err := cmd.Run()
+		if err != nil {
+			slog.Error("failed to run Ollama", "bundlePath", updater.BundlePath, "error", err)
+			os.Exit(1)
+		}
+	} else {
+		slog.Error("failed to start Ollama in background", "bundlePath", updater.BundlePath)
+		os.Exit(1)
+	}
+}
+
+func drag(ptr unsafe.Pointer) {
+	C.drag(C.uintptr_t(uintptr(ptr)))
+}
+
+func doubleClick(ptr unsafe.Pointer) {
+	C.doubleClick(C.uintptr_t(uintptr(ptr)))
+}
+
+//export handleConnectURL
+func handleConnectURL() {
+	handleConnectURLScheme()
+}
+
+// checkAndHandleExistingInstance is not needed on non-Windows platforms
+func checkAndHandleExistingInstance(_ string) bool {
+	return false
+}
--- a/app/cmd/app/app_darwin.h
+++ b/app/cmd/app/app_darwin.h
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#import <Cocoa/Cocoa.h>
+#import <Security/Security.h>
+
+@interface AppDelegate : NSObject <NSApplicationDelegate>
+- (void)applicationDidFinishLaunching:(NSNotification *)aNotification;
+@end
+
+enum AppMove
+{
+    CannotMove,
+    UserDeclinedMove,
+    MoveCompleted,
+    AlreadyMoved,
+    LoginSession,
+    PermissionDenied,
+    MoveError,
+};
+
+void run(bool firstTimeRun, bool startHidden);
+void killOtherInstances();
+enum AppMove askToMoveToApplications();
+int createSymlinkWithAuthorization();
+int installSymlink(const char *cliPath);
+extern void Restart();
+// extern void Quit();
+void StartUI(const char *path);
+void ShowUI();
+void StopUI();
+void StartUpdate();
+void darwinStartHiddenTasks();
+void launchApp(const char *appPath);
+void updateAvailable();
+void quit();
+void uiRequest(char *path);
+void registerSelfAsLoginItem(bool firstTimeRun);
+void unregisterSelfFromLoginItem();
+void setWindowDelegate(void *window);
+void showWindow(uintptr_t wndPtr);
+void hideWindow(uintptr_t wndPtr);
+void styleWindow(uintptr_t wndPtr);
+void drag(uintptr_t wndPtr);
+void doubleClick(uintptr_t wndPtr);
+void handleConnectURL();
--- a/app/cmd/app/app_darwin.m
+++ b/app/cmd/app/app_darwin.m
--- a/app/cmd/app/app_windows.go
+++ b/app/cmd/app/app_windows.go
@@ -0,0 +1,448 @@
+//go:build windows || darwin
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"log"
+	"log/slog"
+	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"os/signal"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"runtime"
+	"strings"
+	"syscall"
+	"unsafe"
+
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/app/updater"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/app/version"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/app/wintray"
+	"golang.org/x/sys/windows"
+)
+
+var (
+	u32                  = windows.NewLazySystemDLL("User32.dll")
+	pBringWindowToTop    = u32.NewProc("BringWindowToTop")
+	pShowWindow          = u32.NewProc("ShowWindow")
+	pSendMessage         = u32.NewProc("SendMessageA")
+	pGetSystemMetrics    = u32.NewProc("GetSystemMetrics")
+	pGetWindowRect       = u32.NewProc("GetWindowRect")
+	pSetWindowPos        = u32.NewProc("SetWindowPos")
+	pSetForegroundWindow = u32.NewProc("SetForegroundWindow")
+	pSetActiveWindow     = u32.NewProc("SetActiveWindow")
+	pIsIconic            = u32.NewProc("IsIconic")
+
+	appPath         = filepath.Join(os.Getenv("LOCALAPPDATA"), "Programs", "Ollama")
+	appLogPath      = filepath.Join(os.Getenv("LOCALAPPDATA"), "Ollama", "app.log")
+	startupShortcut = filepath.Join(os.Getenv("APPDATA"), "Microsoft", "Windows", "Start Menu", "Programs", "Startup", "Ollama.lnk")
+	ollamaPath      string
+	DesktopAppName  = "ollama app.exe"
+)
+
+func init() {
+	// With alternate install location use executable location
+	exe, err := os.Executable()
+	if err != nil {
+		slog.Warn("error discovering executable directory", "error", err)
+	} else {
+		appPath = filepath.Dir(exe)
+	}
+	ollamaPath = filepath.Join(appPath, "ollama.exe")
+
+	// Handle developer mode (go run ./cmd/app)
+	if _, err := os.Stat(ollamaPath); err != nil {
+		pwd, err := os.Getwd()
+		if err != nil {
+			slog.Warn("missing ollama.exe and failed to get pwd", "error", err)
+			return
+		}
+		distAppPath := filepath.Join(pwd, "dist", "windows-"+runtime.GOARCH)
+		distOllamaPath := filepath.Join(distAppPath, "ollama.exe")
+		if _, err := os.Stat(distOllamaPath); err == nil {
+			slog.Info("detected developer mode")
+			appPath = distAppPath
+			ollamaPath = distOllamaPath
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func maybeMoveAndRestart() appMove {
+	return 0
+}
+
+// handleExistingInstance checks for existing instances and optionally focuses them
+func handleExistingInstance(startHidden bool) {
+	if wintray.CheckAndFocusExistingInstance(!startHidden) {
+		slog.Info("existing instance found, exiting")
+		os.Exit(0)
+	}
+}
+
+func installSymlink() {}
+
+type appCallbacks struct {
+	t        wintray.TrayCallbacks
+	shutdown func()
+}
+
+var app = &appCallbacks{}
+
+func (ac *appCallbacks) UIRun(path string) {
+	wv.Run(path)
+}
+
+func (*appCallbacks) UIShow() {
+	if wv.webview != nil {
+		showWindow(wv.webview.Window())
+	} else {
+		wv.Run("/")
+	}
+}
+
+func (*appCallbacks) UITerminate() {
+	wv.Terminate()
+}
+
+func (*appCallbacks) UIRunning() bool {
+	return wv.IsRunning()
+}
+
+func (app *appCallbacks) Quit() {
+	app.t.Quit()
+	wv.Terminate()
+}
+
+// TODO - reconcile with above for consistency between mac/windows
+func quit() {
+	wv.Terminate()
+}
+
+func (app *appCallbacks) DoUpdate() {
+	// Safeguard in case we have requests in flight that need to drain...
+	slog.Info("Waiting for server to shutdown")
+
+	app.shutdown()
+
+	if err := updater.DoUpgrade(true); err != nil {
+		slog.Warn(fmt.Sprintf("upgrade attempt failed: %s", err))
+	}
+}
+
+// HandleURLScheme implements the URLSchemeHandler interface
+func (app *appCallbacks) HandleURLScheme(urlScheme string) {
+	handleURLSchemeRequest(urlScheme)
+}
+
+// handleURLSchemeRequest processes URL scheme requests from other instances
+func handleURLSchemeRequest(urlScheme string) {
+	isConnect, err := parseURLScheme(urlScheme)
+	if err != nil {
+		slog.Error("failed to parse URL scheme request", "url", urlScheme, "error", err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	if isConnect {
+		handleConnectURLScheme()
+	} else {
+		if wv.webview != nil {
+			showWindow(wv.webview.Window())
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func UpdateAvailable(ver string) error {
+	if app.t == nil {
+		slog.Debug("tray not yet initialized, skipping update notification")
+		return nil
+	}
+	return app.t.UpdateAvailable(ver)
+}
+
+func osRun(shutdown func(), hasCompletedFirstRun, startHidden bool) {
+	var err error
+	app.shutdown = shutdown
+	app.t, err = wintray.NewTray(app)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("Failed to start: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	// Check for pending updates now that the tray is initialized.
+	// The platform-independent check in app.go fires before osRun,
+	// when app.t is still nil, so we must re-check here.
+	if updater.IsUpdatePending() {
+		slog.Debug("update pending on startup, showing tray notification")
+		UpdateAvailable("")
+	}
+
+	signals := make(chan os.Signal, 1)
+	signal.Notify(signals, syscall.SIGINT, syscall.SIGTERM)
+
+	// TODO - can this be generalized?
+	go func() {
+		<-signals
+		slog.Debug("shutting down due to signal")
+		app.t.Quit()
+		wv.Terminate()
+	}()
+
+	// On windows, we run the final tasks in the main thread
+	// before starting the tray event loop.  These final tasks
+	// may trigger the UI, and must do that from the main thread.
+	if !startHidden {
+		// Determine if the process was started from a shortcut
+		// ~\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Startup\Ollama
+		const STARTF_TITLEISLINKNAME = 0x00000800
+		var info windows.StartupInfo
+		if err := windows.GetStartupInfo(&info); err != nil {
+			slog.Debug("unable to retrieve startup info", "error", err)
+		} else if info.Flags&STARTF_TITLEISLINKNAME == STARTF_TITLEISLINKNAME {
+			linkPath := windows.UTF16PtrToString(info.Title)
+			if strings.Contains(linkPath, "Startup") {
+				startHidden = true
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if startHidden {
+		startHiddenTasks()
+	} else {
+		ptr := wv.Run("/")
+
+		// Set the window icon using the tray icon
+		if ptr != nil {
+			iconHandle := app.t.GetIconHandle()
+			if iconHandle != 0 {
+				hwnd := uintptr(ptr)
+				const ICON_SMALL = 0
+				const ICON_BIG = 1
+				const WM_SETICON = 0x0080
+
+				pSendMessage.Call(hwnd, uintptr(WM_SETICON), uintptr(ICON_SMALL), uintptr(iconHandle))
+				pSendMessage.Call(hwnd, uintptr(WM_SETICON), uintptr(ICON_BIG), uintptr(iconHandle))
+			}
+		}
+
+		centerWindow(ptr)
+	}
+
+	if !hasCompletedFirstRun {
+		// Only create the login shortcut on first start
+		// so we can respect users deletion of the link
+		err = createLoginShortcut()
+		if err != nil {
+			slog.Warn("unable to create login shortcut", "error", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	app.t.TrayRun() // This will block the main thread
+}
+
+func createLoginShortcut() error {
+	// The installer lays down a shortcut for us so we can copy it without
+	// having to resort to calling COM APIs to establish the shortcut
+	shortcutOrigin := filepath.Join(appPath, "lib", "Ollama.lnk")
+
+	_, err := os.Stat(startupShortcut)
+	if err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
+			in, err := os.Open(shortcutOrigin)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("unable to open shortcut %s : %w", shortcutOrigin, err)
+			}
+			defer in.Close()
+			out, err := os.Create(startupShortcut)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("unable to open startup link %s : %w", startupShortcut, err)
+			}
+			defer out.Close()
+			_, err = io.Copy(out, in)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("unable to copy shortcut %s : %w", startupShortcut, err)
+			}
+			err = out.Sync()
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("unable to sync shortcut %s : %w", startupShortcut, err)
+			}
+			slog.Info("Created Startup shortcut", "shortcut", startupShortcut)
+		} else {
+			slog.Warn("unexpected error looking up Startup shortcut", "error", err)
+		}
+	} else {
+		slog.Debug("Startup link already exists", "shortcut", startupShortcut)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func LaunchNewApp() {
+}
+
+func logStartup() {
+	slog.Info("starting Ollama", "app", appPath, "version", version.Version, "OS", updater.UserAgentOS)
+}
+
+const (
+	SW_HIDE        = 0  // Hides the window
+	SW_SHOW        = 5  // Shows window in its current size/position
+	SW_SHOWNA      = 8  // Shows without activating
+	SW_MINIMIZE    = 6  // Minimizes the window
+	SW_RESTORE     = 9  // Restores to previous size/position
+	SW_SHOWDEFAULT = 10 // Sets show state based on program state
+	SM_CXSCREEN    = 0
+	SM_CYSCREEN    = 1
+	HWND_TOP       = 0
+	SWP_NOSIZE     = 0x0001
+	SWP_NOMOVE     = 0x0002
+	SWP_NOZORDER   = 0x0004
+	SWP_SHOWWINDOW = 0x0040
+
+	// Menu constants
+	MF_STRING     = 0x00000000
+	MF_SEPARATOR  = 0x00000800
+	MF_GRAYED     = 0x00000001
+	TPM_RETURNCMD = 0x0100
+)
+
+// POINT structure for cursor position
+type POINT struct {
+	X int32
+	Y int32
+}
+
+// Rect structure for GetWindowRect
+type Rect struct {
+	Left   int32
+	Top    int32
+	Right  int32
+	Bottom int32
+}
+
+func centerWindow(ptr unsafe.Pointer) {
+	hwnd := uintptr(ptr)
+	if hwnd == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+
+	var rect Rect
+	pGetWindowRect.Call(hwnd, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&rect)))
+
+	screenWidth, _, _ := pGetSystemMetrics.Call(uintptr(SM_CXSCREEN))
+	screenHeight, _, _ := pGetSystemMetrics.Call(uintptr(SM_CYSCREEN))
+
+	windowWidth := rect.Right - rect.Left
+	windowHeight := rect.Bottom - rect.Top
+
+	x := (int32(screenWidth) - windowWidth) / 2
+	y := (int32(screenHeight) - windowHeight) / 2
+
+	// Ensure the window is not positioned off-screen
+	if x < 0 {
+		x = 0
+	}
+	if y < 0 {
+		y = 0
+	}
+
+	pSetWindowPos.Call(
+		hwnd,
+		uintptr(HWND_TOP),
+		uintptr(x),
+		uintptr(y),
+		uintptr(windowWidth),  // Keep original width
+		uintptr(windowHeight), // Keep original height
+		uintptr(SWP_SHOWWINDOW),
+	)
+}
+
+func showWindow(ptr unsafe.Pointer) {
+	hwnd := uintptr(ptr)
+	if hwnd != 0 {
+		iconHandle := app.t.GetIconHandle()
+		if iconHandle != 0 {
+			const ICON_SMALL = 0
+			const ICON_BIG = 1
+			const WM_SETICON = 0x0080
+
+			pSendMessage.Call(hwnd, uintptr(WM_SETICON), uintptr(ICON_SMALL), uintptr(iconHandle))
+			pSendMessage.Call(hwnd, uintptr(WM_SETICON), uintptr(ICON_BIG), uintptr(iconHandle))
+		}
+
+		// Check if window is minimized
+		isMinimized, _, _ := pIsIconic.Call(hwnd)
+		if isMinimized != 0 {
+			// Restore the window if it's minimized
+			pShowWindow.Call(hwnd, uintptr(SW_RESTORE))
+		}
+
+		// Show the window
+		pShowWindow.Call(hwnd, uintptr(SW_SHOW))
+
+		// Bring window to top
+		pBringWindowToTop.Call(hwnd)
+
+		// Force window to foreground
+		pSetForegroundWindow.Call(hwnd)
+
+		// Make it the active window
+		pSetActiveWindow.Call(hwnd)
+
+		// Ensure window is positioned on top
+		pSetWindowPos.Call(
+			hwnd,
+			uintptr(HWND_TOP),
+			0, 0, 0, 0,
+			uintptr(SWP_NOSIZE|SWP_NOMOVE|SWP_SHOWWINDOW),
+		)
+	}
+}
+
+// HideWindow hides the application window
+func hideWindow(ptr unsafe.Pointer) {
+	hwnd := uintptr(ptr)
+	if hwnd != 0 {
+		pShowWindow.Call(
+			hwnd,
+			uintptr(SW_HIDE),
+		)
+	}
+}
+
+func runInBackground() {
+	exe, err := os.Executable()
+	if err != nil {
+		slog.Error("failed to get executable path", "error", err)
+		os.Exit(1)
+	}
+	cmd := exec.Command(exe, "hidden")
+	if cmd != nil {
+		err = cmd.Run()
+		if err != nil {
+			slog.Error("failed to run Ollama", "exe", exe, "error", err)
+			os.Exit(1)
+		}
+	} else {
+		slog.Error("failed to start Ollama", "exe", exe)
+		os.Exit(1)
+	}
+}
+
+func drag(ptr unsafe.Pointer) {}
+
+func doubleClick(ptr unsafe.Pointer) {}
+
+// checkAndHandleExistingInstance checks if another instance is running and sends the URL to it
+func checkAndHandleExistingInstance(urlSchemeRequest string) bool {
+	if urlSchemeRequest == "" {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	// Try to send URL to existing instance using wintray messaging
+	if wintray.CheckAndSendToExistingInstance(urlSchemeRequest) {
+		os.Exit(0)
+		return true
+	}
+
+	// No existing instance, we'll handle it ourselves
+	return false
+}
--- a/app/cmd/app/menu.h
+++ b/app/cmd/app/menu.h
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#ifndef MENU_H
+#define MENU_H
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+typedef struct
+{
+    char *label;
+    int enabled;
+    int separator;
+} menuItem;
+
+// TODO (jmorganca): these need to be forward declared in the webview.h file
+// for now but ideally they should be in this header file on windows too
+#ifndef WIN32
+int menu_get_item_count();
+void *menu_get_items();
+void menu_handle_selection(char *item);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
--- a/app/cmd/app/webview.go
+++ b/app/cmd/app/webview.go
@@ -0,0 +1,528 @@
+//go:build windows || darwin
+
+package main
+
+// #include "menu.h"
+import "C"
+
+import (
+	"encoding/base64"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"log/slog"
+	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"runtime"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+	"unsafe"
+
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/app/dialog"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/app/store"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/app/webview"
+)
+
+type Webview struct {
+	port    int
+	token   string
+	webview webview.WebView
+	mutex   sync.Mutex
+
+	Store *store.Store
+}
+
+// Run initializes the webview and starts its event loop.
+// Note: this must be called from the primary app thread
+// This returns the OS native window handle to the caller
+func (w *Webview) Run(path string) unsafe.Pointer {
+	var url string
+	if devMode {
+		// In development mode, use the local dev server
+		url = fmt.Sprintf("http://localhost:5173%s", path)
+	} else {
+		url = fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d%s", w.port, path)
+	}
+	w.mutex.Lock()
+	defer w.mutex.Unlock()
+
+	if w.webview == nil {
+		// Note: turning on debug on macos throws errors but is marginally functional for debugging
+		// TODO (jmorganca): we should pre-create the window and then provide it here to
+		// webview so we can hide it from the start and make other modifications
+		wv := webview.New(debug)
+		// start the window hidden
+		hideWindow(wv.Window())
+		wv.SetTitle("Ollama")
+
+		// TODO (jmorganca): this isn't working yet since it needs to be set
+		// on the first page load, ideally in an interstitial page like `/token`
+		// that exists only to set the cookie and redirect to /
+		// wv.Init(fmt.Sprintf(`document.cookie = "token=%s; path=/"`, w.token))
+		init := `
+		// Disable reload
+		document.addEventListener('keydown', function(e) {
+			if ((e.ctrlKey || e.metaKey) && e.key === 'r') {
+				e.preventDefault();
+				return false;
+			}
+		});
+
+		// Prevent back/forward navigation
+		window.addEventListener('popstate', function(e) {
+			e.preventDefault();
+			history.pushState(null, '', window.location.pathname);
+			return false;
+		});
+
+		// Clear history on load
+		window.addEventListener('load', function() {
+			history.pushState(null, '', window.location.pathname);
+			window.history.replaceState(null, '', window.location.pathname);
+		});
+
+		// Set token cookie
+		document.cookie = "token=` + w.token + `; path=/";
+	`
+		// Windows-specific scrollbar styling
+		if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
+			init += `
+				// Fix scrollbar styling for Edge WebView2 on Windows only
+				function updateScrollbarStyles() {
+					const isDark = window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)').matches;
+					const existingStyle = document.getElementById('scrollbar-style');
+					if (existingStyle) existingStyle.remove();
+					
+					const style = document.createElement('style');
+					style.id = 'scrollbar-style';
+					
+					if (isDark) {
+						style.textContent = ` + "`" + `
+							::-webkit-scrollbar { width: 6px !important; height: 6px !important; }
+							::-webkit-scrollbar-track { background: #1a1a1a !important; }
+							::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb { background: #404040 !important; border-radius: 6px !important; }
+							::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb:hover { background: #505050 !important; }
+							::-webkit-scrollbar-corner { background: #1a1a1a !important; }
+							::-webkit-scrollbar-button { 
+								background: transparent !important;
+								border: none !important;
+								width: 0px !important;
+								height: 0px !important;
+								margin: 0 !important;
+								padding: 0 !important;
+							}
+							::-webkit-scrollbar-button:vertical:start:decrement {
+								background: transparent !important;
+								height: 0px !important;
+							}
+							::-webkit-scrollbar-button:vertical:end:increment {
+								background: transparent !important;
+								height: 0px !important;
+							}
+							::-webkit-scrollbar-button:horizontal:start:decrement {
+								background: transparent !important;
+								width: 0px !important;
+							}
+							::-webkit-scrollbar-button:horizontal:end:increment {
+								background: transparent !important;
+								width: 0px !important;
+							}
+						` + "`" + `;
+					} else {
+						style.textContent = ` + "`" + `
+							::-webkit-scrollbar { width: 6px !important; height: 6px !important; }
+							::-webkit-scrollbar-track { background: #f0f0f0 !important; }
+							::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb { background: #c0c0c0 !important; border-radius: 6px !important; }
+							::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb:hover { background: #a0a0a0 !important; }
+							::-webkit-scrollbar-corner { background: #f0f0f0 !important; }
+							::-webkit-scrollbar-button { 
+								background: transparent !important;
+								border: none !important;
+								width: 0px !important;
+								height: 0px !important;
+								margin: 0 !important;
+								padding: 0 !important;
+							}
+							::-webkit-scrollbar-button:vertical:start:decrement {
+								background: transparent !important;
+								height: 0px !important;
+							}
+							::-webkit-scrollbar-button:vertical:end:increment {
+								background: transparent !important;
+								height: 0px !important;
+							}
+							::-webkit-scrollbar-button:horizontal:start:decrement {
+								background: transparent !important;
+								width: 0px !important;
+							}
+							::-webkit-scrollbar-button:horizontal:end:increment {
+								background: transparent !important;
+								width: 0px !important;
+							}
+						` + "`" + `;
+					}
+					document.head.appendChild(style);
+				}
+				
+				window.addEventListener('load', updateScrollbarStyles);
+				window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)').addEventListener('change', updateScrollbarStyles);
+			`
+		}
+		// on windows make ctrl+n open new chat
+		// TODO (jmorganca): later we should use proper accelerators
+		// once we introduce a native menu for the window
+		// this is only used on windows since macOS uses the proper accelerators
+		if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
+			init += `
+				document.addEventListener('keydown', function(e) {
+					if ((e.ctrlKey || e.metaKey) && e.key === 'n') {
+						e.preventDefault();
+						// Use the existing navigation method
+						history.pushState({}, '', '/c/new');
+						window.dispatchEvent(new PopStateEvent('popstate'));
+						return false;
+					}
+				});
+			`
+		}
+
+		init += `
+			window.OLLAMA_WEBSEARCH = true;
+		`
+
+		wv.Init(init)
+
+		// Add keyboard handler for zoom
+		wv.Init(`
+			window.addEventListener('keydown', function(e) {
+				// CMD/Ctrl + Plus/Equals (zoom in)
+				if ((e.metaKey || e.ctrlKey) && (e.key === '+' || e.key === '=')) {
+					e.preventDefault();
+					window.zoomIn && window.zoomIn();
+					return false;
+				}
+
+				// CMD/Ctrl + Minus (zoom out)
+				if ((e.metaKey || e.ctrlKey) && e.key === '-') {
+					e.preventDefault();
+					window.zoomOut && window.zoomOut();
+					return false;
+				}
+
+				// CMD/Ctrl + 0 (reset zoom)
+				if ((e.metaKey || e.ctrlKey) && e.key === '0') {
+					e.preventDefault();
+					window.zoomReset && window.zoomReset();
+					return false;
+				}
+			}, true);
+		`)
+
+		wv.Bind("zoomIn", func() {
+			current := wv.GetZoom()
+			wv.SetZoom(current + 0.1)
+		})
+
+		wv.Bind("zoomOut", func() {
+			current := wv.GetZoom()
+			wv.SetZoom(current - 0.1)
+		})
+
+		wv.Bind("zoomReset", func() {
+			wv.SetZoom(1.0)
+		})
+
+		wv.Bind("ready", func() {
+			showWindow(wv.Window())
+		})
+
+		wv.Bind("close", func() {
+			hideWindow(wv.Window())
+		})
+
+		// Webviews do not allow access to the file system by default, so we need to
+		// bind file system operations here
+		wv.Bind("selectModelsDirectory", func() {
+			go func() {
+				// Helper function to call the JavaScript callback with data or null
+				callCallback := func(data interface{}) {
+					dataJSON, _ := json.Marshal(data)
+					wv.Dispatch(func() {
+						wv.Eval(fmt.Sprintf("window.__selectModelsDirectoryCallback && window.__selectModelsDirectoryCallback(%s)", dataJSON))
+					})
+				}
+
+				directory, err := dialog.Directory().Title("Select Model Directory").ShowHidden(true).Browse()
+				if err != nil {
+					slog.Debug("Directory selection cancelled or failed", "error", err)
+					callCallback(nil)
+					return
+				}
+				slog.Debug("Directory selected", "path", directory)
+				callCallback(directory)
+			}()
+		})
+
+		// Bind selectFiles function for selecting multiple files at once
+		wv.Bind("selectFiles", func() {
+			go func() {
+				// Helper function to call the JavaScript callback with data or null
+				callCallback := func(data interface{}) {
+					dataJSON, _ := json.Marshal(data)
+					wv.Dispatch(func() {
+						wv.Eval(fmt.Sprintf("window.__selectFilesCallback && window.__selectFilesCallback(%s)", dataJSON))
+					})
+				}
+
+				// Define allowed extensions for native dialog filtering
+				textExts := []string{
+					"pdf", "docx", "txt", "md", "csv", "json", "xml", "html", "htm",
+					"js", "jsx", "ts", "tsx", "py", "java", "cpp", "c", "cc", "h", "cs", "php", "rb",
+					"go", "rs", "swift", "kt", "scala", "sh", "bat", "yaml", "yml", "toml", "ini",
+					"cfg", "conf", "log", "rtf",
+				}
+				imageExts := []string{"png", "jpg", "jpeg", "webp"}
+				allowedExts := append(textExts, imageExts...)
+
+				// Use native multiple file selection with extension filtering
+				filenames, err := dialog.File().
+					Filter("Supported Files", allowedExts...).
+					Title("Select Files").
+					LoadMultiple()
+				if err != nil {
+					slog.Debug("Multiple file selection cancelled or failed", "error", err)
+					callCallback(nil)
+					return
+				}
+
+				if len(filenames) == 0 {
+					callCallback(nil)
+					return
+				}
+
+				var files []map[string]string
+				maxFileSize := int64(10 * 1024 * 1024) // 10MB
+
+				for _, filename := range filenames {
+					// Check file extension (double-check after native dialog filtering)
+					ext := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimPrefix(filepath.Ext(filename), "."))
+					validExt := false
+					for _, allowedExt := range allowedExts {
+						if ext == allowedExt {
+							validExt = true
+							break
+						}
+					}
+					if !validExt {
+						slog.Warn("file extension not allowed, skipping", "filename", filepath.Base(filename), "extension", ext)
+						continue
+					}
+
+					// Check file size before reading (pre-filter large files)
+					fileStat, err := os.Stat(filename)
+					if err != nil {
+						slog.Error("failed to get file info", "error", err, "filename", filename)
+						continue
+					}
+
+					if fileStat.Size() > maxFileSize {
+						slog.Warn("file too large, skipping", "filename", filepath.Base(filename), "size", fileStat.Size())
+						continue
+					}
+
+					fileBytes, err := os.ReadFile(filename)
+					if err != nil {
+						slog.Error("failed to read file", "error", err, "filename", filename)
+						continue
+					}
+
+					mimeType := http.DetectContentType(fileBytes)
+					dataURL := fmt.Sprintf("data:%s;base64,%s", mimeType, base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(fileBytes))
+
+					fileResult := map[string]string{
+						"filename": filepath.Base(filename),
+						"path":     filename,
+						"dataURL":  dataURL,
+					}
+
+					files = append(files, fileResult)
+				}
+
+				if len(files) == 0 {
+					callCallback(nil)
+				} else {
+					callCallback(files)
+				}
+			}()
+		})
+
+		wv.Bind("drag", func() {
+			wv.Dispatch(func() {
+				drag(wv.Window())
+			})
+		})
+
+		wv.Bind("doubleClick", func() {
+			wv.Dispatch(func() {
+				doubleClick(wv.Window())
+			})
+		})
+
+		// Add binding for working directory selection
+		wv.Bind("selectWorkingDirectory", func() {
+			go func() {
+				// Helper function to call the JavaScript callback with data or null
+				callCallback := func(data interface{}) {
+					dataJSON, _ := json.Marshal(data)
+					wv.Dispatch(func() {
+						wv.Eval(fmt.Sprintf("window.__selectWorkingDirectoryCallback && window.__selectWorkingDirectoryCallback(%s)", dataJSON))
+					})
+				}
+
+				directory, err := dialog.Directory().Title("Select Working Directory").ShowHidden(true).Browse()
+				if err != nil {
+					slog.Debug("Directory selection cancelled or failed", "error", err)
+					callCallback(nil)
+					return
+				}
+				slog.Debug("Directory selected", "path", directory)
+				callCallback(directory)
+			}()
+		})
+
+		wv.Bind("setContextMenuItems", func(items []map[string]interface{}) error {
+			menuMutex.Lock()
+			defer menuMutex.Unlock()
+
+			if len(menuItems) > 0 {
+				pinner.Unpin()
+			}
+
+			menuItems = nil
+			for _, item := range items {
+				menuItem := C.menuItem{
+					label:     C.CString(item["label"].(string)),
+					enabled:   0,
+					separator: 0,
+				}
+
+				if item["enabled"] != nil {
+					menuItem.enabled = 1
+				}
+
+				if item["separator"] != nil {
+					menuItem.separator = 1
+				}
+				menuItems = append(menuItems, menuItem)
+			}
+			return nil
+		})
+
+		// Debounce resize events
+		var resizeTimer *time.Timer
+		var resizeMutex sync.Mutex
+
+		wv.Bind("resize", func(width, height int) {
+			if w.Store != nil {
+				resizeMutex.Lock()
+				if resizeTimer != nil {
+					resizeTimer.Stop()
+				}
+				resizeTimer = time.AfterFunc(100*time.Millisecond, func() {
+					err := w.Store.SetWindowSize(width, height)
+					if err != nil {
+						slog.Error("failed to set window size", "error", err)
+					}
+				})
+				resizeMutex.Unlock()
+			}
+		})
+
+		// On Darwin, we can't have 2 threads both running global event loops
+		// but on Windows, the event loops are tied to the window, so we're
+		// able to run in both the tray and webview
+		if runtime.GOOS != "darwin" {
+			slog.Debug("starting webview event loop")
+			go func() {
+				wv.Run()
+				slog.Debug("webview event loop exited")
+			}()
+		}
+
+		if w.Store != nil {
+			width, height, err := w.Store.WindowSize()
+			if err != nil {
+				slog.Error("failed to get window size", "error", err)
+			}
+			if width > 0 && height > 0 {
+				wv.SetSize(width, height, webview.HintNone)
+			} else {
+				wv.SetSize(800, 600, webview.HintNone)
+			}
+		}
+		wv.SetSize(800, 600, webview.HintMin)
+
+		w.webview = wv
+		w.webview.Navigate(url)
+	} else {
+		w.webview.Eval(fmt.Sprintf(`
+			history.pushState({}, '', '%s');
+		`, path))
+		showWindow(w.webview.Window())
+	}
+
+	return w.webview.Window()
+}
+
+func (w *Webview) Terminate() {
+	w.mutex.Lock()
+	if w.webview == nil {
+		w.mutex.Unlock()
+		return
+	}
+
+	wv := w.webview
+	w.webview = nil
+	w.mutex.Unlock()
+	wv.Terminate()
+	wv.Destroy()
+}
+
+func (w *Webview) IsRunning() bool {
+	w.mutex.Lock()
+	defer w.mutex.Unlock()
+	return w.webview != nil
+}
+
+var (
+	menuItems []C.menuItem
+	menuMutex sync.RWMutex
+	pinner    runtime.Pinner
+)
+
+//export menu_get_item_count
+func menu_get_item_count() C.int {
+	menuMutex.RLock()
+	defer menuMutex.RUnlock()
+	return C.int(len(menuItems))
+}
+
+//export menu_get_items
+func menu_get_items() unsafe.Pointer {
+	menuMutex.RLock()
+	defer menuMutex.RUnlock()
+
+	if len(menuItems) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Return pointer to the slice data
+	pinner.Pin(&menuItems[0])
+	return unsafe.Pointer(&menuItems[0])
+}
+
+//export menu_handle_selection
+func menu_handle_selection(item *C.char) {
+	wv.webview.Eval(fmt.Sprintf("window.handleContextMenuResult('%s')", C.GoString(item)))
+}
--- a/app/cmd/squirrel/Info.plist
+++ b/app/cmd/squirrel/Info.plist
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+<plist version="1.0">
+  <dict>
+    <key>CFBundleDevelopmentRegion</key>
+    <string>English</string>
+    <key>CFBundleExecutable</key>
+    <string>Squirrel</string>
+    <key>CFBundleIconFile</key>
+    <string/>
+    <key>CFBundleIdentifier</key>
+    <string>com.github.Squirrel</string>
+    <key>CFBundleInfoDictionaryVersion</key>
+    <string>6.0</string>
+    <key>CFBundleName</key>
+    <string>Squirrel</string>
+    <key>CFBundlePackageType</key>
+    <string>FMWK</string>
+    <key>CFBundleShortVersionString</key>
+    <string>1.0</string>
+    <key>CFBundleSignature</key>
+    <string>????</string>
+    <key>CFBundleVersion</key>
+    <string>1</string>
+    <key>DTCompiler</key>
+    <string>com.apple.compilers.llvm.clang.1_0</string>
+    <key>DTSDKBuild</key>
+    <string>22E245</string>
+    <key>DTSDKName</key>
+    <string>macosx13.3</string>
+    <key>DTXcode</key>
+    <string>1431</string>
+    <key>DTXcodeBuild</key>
+    <string>14E300c</string>
+    <key>NSHumanReadableCopyright</key>
+    <string>Copyright © 2013 GitHub. All rights reserved.</string>
+    <key>NSPrincipalClass</key>
+    <string/>
+  </dict>
+</plist>
--- a/app/darwin/Ollama.app/Contents/Info.plist
+++ b/app/darwin/Ollama.app/Contents/Info.plist
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+<plist version="1.0">
+  <dict>
+    <key>CFBundleDisplayName</key>
+    <string>Ollama</string>
+    <key>CFBundleExecutable</key>
+    <string>Ollama</string>
+    <key>CFBundleIconFile</key>
+    <string>icon.icns</string>
+    <key>CFBundleIdentifier</key>
+    <string>com.electron.ollama</string>
+    <key>CFBundleInfoDictionaryVersion</key>
+    <string>6.0</string>
+    <key>CFBundleName</key>
+    <string>Ollama</string>
+    <key>CFBundlePackageType</key>
+    <string>APPL</string>
+    <key>CFBundleShortVersionString</key>
+    <string>0.0.0</string>
+    <key>CFBundleVersion</key>
+    <string>0.0.0</string>
+    <key>DTCompiler</key>
+    <string>com.apple.compilers.llvm.clang.1_0</string>
+    <key>DTSDKBuild</key>
+    <string>22E245</string>
+    <key>DTSDKName</key>
+    <string>macosx14.0</string>
+    <key>DTXcode</key>
+    <string>1431</string>
+    <key>DTXcodeBuild</key>
+    <string>14E300c</string>
+    <key>LSApplicationCategoryType</key>
+    <string>public.app-category.developer-tools</string>
+    <key>LSMinimumSystemVersion</key>
+    <string>14.0</string>
+    <key>LSUIElement</key>
+    <true/>
+    <key>CFBundleURLTypes</key>
+    <array>
+      <dict>
+        <key>CFBundleURLName</key>
+        <string>Ollama URL</string>
+        <key>CFBundleURLSchemes</key>
+        <array>
+          <string>ollama</string>
+        </array>
+      </dict>
+    </array>
+  </dict>
+</plist>
--- a/app/darwin/Ollama.app/Contents/Library/LaunchAgents/com.ollama.ollama.plist
+++ b/app/darwin/Ollama.app/Contents/Library/LaunchAgents/com.ollama.ollama.plist
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+<plist version="1.0">
+<dict>
+    <key>Label</key>
+    <string>com.ollama.ollama</string>
+    <key>BundleProgram</key>
+	<string>Contents/Frameworks/Squirrel.framework/Versions/A/Squirrel</string>
+    <key>ProgramArguments</key>
+    <array>
+        <string>Contents/Frameworks/Squirrel.framework/Versions/A/Squirrel</string>
+        <string>background</string>
+    </array>
+    <key>RunAtLoad</key>
+    <true/>
+    <key>LimitLoadToSessionType</key>
+	<string>Aqua</string>
+	<key>POSIXSpawnType</key>
+	<string>Interactive</string>
+	<key>LSUIElement</key>
+	<true/>
+	<key>LSBackgroundOnly</key>
+	<false/>
+</dict>
+</plist>
--- a/app/darwin/Ollama.app/Contents/Resources/icon.icns
+++ b/app/darwin/Ollama.app/Contents/Resources/icon.icns
--- a/app/darwin/Ollama.app/Contents/Resources/ollama.png
+++ b/app/darwin/Ollama.app/Contents/Resources/ollama.png
--- a/app/darwin/Ollama.app/Contents/Resources/ollama@2x.png
+++ b/app/darwin/Ollama.app/Contents/Resources/ollama@2x.png
--- a/app/darwin/Ollama.app/Contents/Resources/ollamaDark.png
+++ b/app/darwin/Ollama.app/Contents/Resources/ollamaDark.png
--- a/app/darwin/Ollama.app/Contents/Resources/ollamaDark@2x.png
+++ b/app/darwin/Ollama.app/Contents/Resources/ollamaDark@2x.png
--- a/app/darwin/Ollama.app/Contents/Resources/ollamaUpdate.png
+++ b/app/darwin/Ollama.app/Contents/Resources/ollamaUpdate.png
--- a/app/darwin/Ollama.app/Contents/Resources/ollamaUpdate@2x.png
+++ b/app/darwin/Ollama.app/Contents/Resources/ollamaUpdate@2x.png
--- a/app/darwin/Ollama.app/Contents/Resources/ollamaUpdateDark.png
+++ b/app/darwin/Ollama.app/Contents/Resources/ollamaUpdateDark.png
--- a/app/darwin/Ollama.app/Contents/Resources/ollamaUpdateDark@2x.png
+++ b/app/darwin/Ollama.app/Contents/Resources/ollamaUpdateDark@2x.png
--- a/app/dialog/LICENSE
+++ b/app/dialog/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+ISC License
+
+Copyright (c) 2018, the dialog authors.
+
+Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any
+purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
--- a/app/dialog/cocoa/dlg.h
+++ b/app/dialog/cocoa/dlg.h
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#include <objc/NSObjCRuntime.h>
+
+typedef enum {
+	MSG_YESNO,
+	MSG_ERROR,
+	MSG_INFO,
+} AlertStyle;
+
+typedef struct {
+	char* msg;
+	char* title;
+	AlertStyle style;
+} AlertDlgParams;
+
+#define LOADDLG 0
+#define SAVEDLG 1
+#define DIRDLG 2 // browse for directory
+
+typedef struct {
+	int mode; /* which dialog style to invoke (see earlier defines) */
+	char* buf; /* buffer to store selected file */
+	int nbuf; /* number of bytes allocated at buf */
+	char* title; /* title for dialog box (can be nil) */
+	void** exts; /* list of valid extensions (elements actual type is NSString*) */
+	int numext; /* number of items in exts */
+	int relaxext; /* allow other extensions? */
+	char* startDir; /* directory to start in (can be nil) */
+	char* filename; /* default filename for dialog box (can be nil) */
+	int showHidden; /* show hidden files? */
+	int allowMultiple; /* allow multiple file selection? */
+} FileDlgParams;
+
+typedef enum {
+	DLG_OK,
+	DLG_CANCEL,
+	DLG_URLFAIL,
+} DlgResult;
+
+DlgResult alertDlg(AlertDlgParams*);
+DlgResult fileDlg(FileDlgParams*);
+
+void* NSStr(void* buf, int len);
+void NSRelease(void* obj);
--- a/app/dialog/cocoa/dlg.m
+++ b/app/dialog/cocoa/dlg.m
@@ -0,0 +1,218 @@
+#import <Cocoa/Cocoa.h>
+#include "dlg.h"
+#include <string.h>
+#include <sys/syslimits.h>
+
+// Import UniformTypeIdentifiers for macOS 11+
+#if __MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MAX_ALLOWED >= 110000
+#import <UniformTypeIdentifiers/UniformTypeIdentifiers.h>
+#endif
+
+void* NSStr(void* buf, int len) {
+	return (void*)[[NSString alloc] initWithBytes:buf length:len encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
+}
+
+void checkActivationPolicy() {
+	NSApplicationActivationPolicy policy = [NSApp activationPolicy];
+	// prohibited NSApp will not show the panel at all.
+	// It probably means that this is not run in a GUI app, that would set the policy on its own,
+	// but in a terminal app - setting it to accessory will allow dialogs to show
+	if (policy == NSApplicationActivationPolicyProhibited) {
+		[NSApp setActivationPolicy:NSApplicationActivationPolicyAccessory];
+	}
+}
+
+void NSRelease(void* obj) {
+	[(NSObject*)obj release];
+}
+
+@interface AlertDlg : NSObject {
+	AlertDlgParams* params;
+	DlgResult result;
+}
+ (AlertDlg*)init:(AlertDlgParams*)params;
+- (DlgResult)run;
+@end
+
+DlgResult alertDlg(AlertDlgParams* params) {
+	return [[AlertDlg init:params] run];
+}
+
+@implementation AlertDlg
+ (AlertDlg*)init:(AlertDlgParams*)params {
+	AlertDlg* d = [AlertDlg alloc];
+	d->params = params;
+	return d;
+}
+
+- (DlgResult)run {
+	if(![NSThread isMainThread]) {
+		[self performSelectorOnMainThread:@selector(run) withObject:nil waitUntilDone:YES];
+		return self->result;
+	}
+	NSAlert* alert = [[NSAlert alloc] init];
+	if(self->params->title != nil) {
+		[[alert window] setTitle:[[NSString alloc] initWithUTF8String:self->params->title]];
+	}
+	[alert setMessageText:[[NSString alloc] initWithUTF8String:self->params->msg]];
+	switch (self->params->style) {
+	case MSG_YESNO:
+		[alert addButtonWithTitle:@"Yes"];
+		[alert addButtonWithTitle:@"No"];
+		break;
+	case MSG_ERROR:
+		[alert setIcon:[NSImage imageNamed:NSImageNameCaution]];
+		[alert addButtonWithTitle:@"OK"];
+		break;
+	case MSG_INFO:
+		[alert setIcon:[NSImage imageNamed:NSImageNameInfo]];
+		[alert addButtonWithTitle:@"OK"];
+		break;
+	}
+
+	checkActivationPolicy();
+
+	self->result = [alert runModal] == NSAlertFirstButtonReturn ? DLG_OK : DLG_CANCEL;
+	return self->result;
+}
+@end
+
+@interface FileDlg : NSObject {
+	FileDlgParams* params;
+	DlgResult result;
+}
+ (FileDlg*)init:(FileDlgParams*)params;
+- (DlgResult)run;
+@end
+
+DlgResult fileDlg(FileDlgParams* params) {
+	return [[FileDlg init:params] run];
+}
+
+@implementation FileDlg
+ (FileDlg*)init:(FileDlgParams*)params {
+	FileDlg* d = [FileDlg alloc];
+	d->params = params;
+	return d;
+}
+
+- (DlgResult)run {
+	if(![NSThread isMainThread]) {
+		[self performSelectorOnMainThread:@selector(run) withObject:nil waitUntilDone:YES];
+	} else if(self->params->mode == SAVEDLG) {
+		self->result = [self save];
+	} else {
+		self->result = [self load];
+	}
+	return self->result;
+}
+
+- (NSInteger)runPanel:(NSSavePanel*)panel {
+	[panel setFloatingPanel:YES];
+	[panel setShowsHiddenFiles:self->params->showHidden ? YES : NO];
+	[panel setCanCreateDirectories:YES];
+	if(self->params->title != nil) {
+		[panel setTitle:[[NSString alloc] initWithUTF8String:self->params->title]];
+	}
+	// Use modern allowedContentTypes API for better file type support (especially video files)
+	if(self->params->numext > 0) {
+		NSMutableArray *utTypes = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:self->params->numext];
+		NSString** exts = (NSString**)self->params->exts;
+		for(int i = 0; i < self->params->numext; i++) {
+			UTType *type = [UTType typeWithFilenameExtension:exts[i]];
+			if(type) {
+				[utTypes addObject:type];
+			}
+		}
+		if([utTypes count] > 0) {
+			[panel setAllowedContentTypes:utTypes];
+		}
+	}
+	if(self->params->relaxext) {
+		[panel setAllowsOtherFileTypes:YES];
+	}
+	if(self->params->startDir) {
+		[panel setDirectoryURL:[NSURL URLWithString:[[NSString alloc] initWithUTF8String:self->params->startDir]]];
+	}
+	if(self->params->filename != nil) {
+		[panel setNameFieldStringValue:[[NSString alloc] initWithUTF8String:self->params->filename]];
+	}
+
+	checkActivationPolicy();
+
+	return [panel runModal];
+}
+
+- (DlgResult)save {
+	NSSavePanel* panel = [NSSavePanel savePanel];
+	if(![self runPanel:panel]) {
+		return DLG_CANCEL;
+	} else if(![[panel URL] getFileSystemRepresentation:self->params->buf maxLength:self->params->nbuf]) {
+		return DLG_URLFAIL;
+	}
+	return DLG_OK;
+}
+
+- (DlgResult)load {
+	NSOpenPanel* panel = [NSOpenPanel openPanel];
+	if(self->params->mode == DIRDLG) {
+		[panel setCanChooseDirectories:YES];
+		[panel setCanChooseFiles:NO];
+	}
+	
+	if(self->params->allowMultiple) {
+		[panel setAllowsMultipleSelection:YES];
+	}
+	
+	if(![self runPanel:panel]) {
+		return DLG_CANCEL;
+	}
+	
+	NSArray* urls = [panel URLs];
+	if([urls count] == 0) {
+		return DLG_CANCEL;
+	}
+	
+	if(self->params->allowMultiple) {
+		// For multiple files, we need to return all paths separated by null bytes
+		char* bufPtr = self->params->buf;
+		int remainingBuf = self->params->nbuf;
+		
+		// Calculate total required buffer size first
+		int totalSize = 0;
+		for(NSURL* url in urls) {
+			char tempBuf[PATH_MAX];
+			if(![url getFileSystemRepresentation:tempBuf maxLength:PATH_MAX]) {
+				return DLG_URLFAIL;
+			}
+			totalSize += strlen(tempBuf) + 1; // +1 for null terminator
+		}
+		totalSize += 1; // Final null terminator
+
+		if(totalSize > self->params->nbuf) {
+			// Not enough buffer space
+			return DLG_URLFAIL;
+		}
+
+		// Now actually copy the paths (we know we have space)
+		bufPtr = self->params->buf;
+		for(NSURL* url in urls) {
+			char tempBuf[PATH_MAX];
+			[url getFileSystemRepresentation:tempBuf maxLength:PATH_MAX];
+			int pathLen = strlen(tempBuf);
+			strcpy(bufPtr, tempBuf);
+			bufPtr += pathLen + 1;
+		}
+		*bufPtr = '\0'; // Final null terminator
+	} else {
+		// Single file/directory selection - write path to buffer
+		NSURL* url = [urls firstObject];
+		if(![url getFileSystemRepresentation:self->params->buf maxLength:self->params->nbuf]) {
+			return DLG_URLFAIL;
+		}
+	}
+	
+	return DLG_OK;
+}
+
+@end
--- a/app/dialog/cocoa/dlg_darwin.go
+++ b/app/dialog/cocoa/dlg_darwin.go
@@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
+package cocoa
+
+// #cgo darwin LDFLAGS: -framework Cocoa -framework UniformTypeIdentifiers
+// #include <stdlib.h>
+// #include <sys/syslimits.h>
+// #include "dlg.h"
+import "C"
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"errors"
+	"unsafe"
+)
+
+type AlertParams struct {
+	p C.AlertDlgParams
+}
+
+func mkAlertParams(msg, title string, style C.AlertStyle) *AlertParams {
+	a := AlertParams{C.AlertDlgParams{msg: C.CString(msg), style: style}}
+	if title != "" {
+		a.p.title = C.CString(title)
+	}
+	return &a
+}
+
+func (a *AlertParams) run() C.DlgResult {
+	return C.alertDlg(&a.p)
+}
+
+func (a *AlertParams) free() {
+	C.free(unsafe.Pointer(a.p.msg))
+	if a.p.title != nil {
+		C.free(unsafe.Pointer(a.p.title))
+	}
+}
+
+func nsStr(s string) unsafe.Pointer {
+	return C.NSStr(unsafe.Pointer(&[]byte(s)[0]), C.int(len(s)))
+}
+
+func YesNoDlg(msg, title string) bool {
+	a := mkAlertParams(msg, title, C.MSG_YESNO)
+	defer a.free()
+	return a.run() == C.DLG_OK
+}
+
+func InfoDlg(msg, title string) {
+	a := mkAlertParams(msg, title, C.MSG_INFO)
+	defer a.free()
+	a.run()
+}
+
+func ErrorDlg(msg, title string) {
+	a := mkAlertParams(msg, title, C.MSG_ERROR)
+	defer a.free()
+	a.run()
+}
+
+const (
+	BUFSIZE             = C.PATH_MAX
+	MULTI_FILE_BUF_SIZE = 32768
+)
+
+// MultiFileDlg opens a file dialog that allows multiple file selection
+func MultiFileDlg(title string, exts []string, relaxExt bool, startDir string, showHidden bool) ([]string, error) {
+	return fileDlgWithOptions(C.LOADDLG, title, exts, relaxExt, startDir, "", showHidden, true)
+}
+
+// FileDlg opens a file dialog for single file selection (kept for compatibility)
+func FileDlg(save bool, title string, exts []string, relaxExt bool, startDir string, filename string, showHidden bool) (string, error) {
+	mode := C.LOADDLG
+	if save {
+		mode = C.SAVEDLG
+	}
+	files, err := fileDlgWithOptions(mode, title, exts, relaxExt, startDir, filename, showHidden, false)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	if len(files) == 0 {
+		return "", nil
+	}
+	return files[0], nil
+}
+
+func DirDlg(title string, startDir string, showHidden bool) (string, error) {
+	files, err := fileDlgWithOptions(C.DIRDLG, title, nil, false, startDir, "", showHidden, false)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	if len(files) == 0 {
+		return "", nil
+	}
+	return files[0], nil
+}
+
+// fileDlgWithOptions is the unified file dialog function that handles both single and multiple selection
+func fileDlgWithOptions(mode int, title string, exts []string, relaxExt bool, startDir, filename string, showHidden, allowMultiple bool) ([]string, error) {
+	// Use larger buffer for multiple files, smaller for single
+	bufSize := BUFSIZE
+	if allowMultiple {
+		bufSize = MULTI_FILE_BUF_SIZE
+	}
+
+	p := C.FileDlgParams{
+		mode: C.int(mode),
+		nbuf: C.int(bufSize),
+	}
+
+	if allowMultiple {
+		p.allowMultiple = C.int(1) // Enable multiple selection //nolint:structcheck
+	}
+	if showHidden {
+		p.showHidden = 1
+	}
+
+	p.buf = (*C.char)(C.malloc(C.size_t(bufSize)))
+	defer C.free(unsafe.Pointer(p.buf))
+	buf := (*(*[MULTI_FILE_BUF_SIZE]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(p.buf)))[:bufSize]
+
+	if title != "" {
+		p.title = C.CString(title)
+		defer C.free(unsafe.Pointer(p.title))
+	}
+	if startDir != "" {
+		p.startDir = C.CString(startDir)
+		defer C.free(unsafe.Pointer(p.startDir))
+	}
+	if filename != "" {
+		p.filename = C.CString(filename)
+		defer C.free(unsafe.Pointer(p.filename))
+	}
+
+	if len(exts) > 0 {
+		if len(exts) > 999 {
+			panic("more than 999 extensions not supported")
+		}
+		ptrSize := int(unsafe.Sizeof(&title))
+		p.exts = (*unsafe.Pointer)(C.malloc(C.size_t(ptrSize * len(exts))))
+		defer C.free(unsafe.Pointer(p.exts))
+		cext := (*(*[999]unsafe.Pointer)(unsafe.Pointer(p.exts)))[:]
+		for i, ext := range exts {
+			cext[i] = nsStr(ext)
+			defer C.NSRelease(cext[i])
+		}
+		p.numext = C.int(len(exts))
+		if relaxExt {
+			p.relaxext = 1
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Execute dialog and parse results
+	switch C.fileDlg(&p) {
+	case C.DLG_OK:
+		if allowMultiple {
+			// Parse multiple null-terminated strings from buffer
+			var files []string
+			start := 0
+			for i := range len(buf) - 1 {
+				if buf[i] == 0 {
+					if i > start {
+						files = append(files, string(buf[start:i]))
+					}
+					start = i + 1
+					// Check for double null (end of list)
+					if i+1 < len(buf) && buf[i+1] == 0 {
+						break
+					}
+				}
+			}
+			return files, nil
+		} else {
+			// Single file - return as array for consistency
+			filename := string(buf[:bytes.Index(buf, []byte{0})])
+			return []string{filename}, nil
+		}
+	case C.DLG_CANCEL:
+		return nil, nil
+	case C.DLG_URLFAIL:
+		return nil, errors.New("failed to get file-system representation for selected URL")
+	}
+	panic("unhandled case")
+}
--- a/app/dialog/dlgs.go
+++ b/app/dialog/dlgs.go
@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+//go:build windows || darwin
+
+// Package dialog provides a simple cross-platform common dialog API.
+// Eg. to prompt the user with a yes/no dialog:
+//
+//	if dialog.MsgDlg("%s", "Do you want to continue?").YesNo() {
+//	    // user pressed Yes
+//	}
+//
+// The general usage pattern is to call one of the toplevel *Dlg functions
+// which return a *Builder structure. From here you can optionally call
+// configuration functions (eg. Title) to customise the dialog, before
+// using a launcher function to run the dialog.
+package dialog
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+)
+
+// ErrCancelled is an error returned when a user cancels/closes a dialog.
+var ErrCancelled = errors.New("Cancelled")
+
+// Cancelled refers to ErrCancelled.
+// Deprecated: Use ErrCancelled instead.
+var Cancelled = ErrCancelled
+
+// Dlg is the common type for dialogs.
+type Dlg struct {
+	Title string
+}
+
+// MsgBuilder is used for creating message boxes.
+type MsgBuilder struct {
+	Dlg
+	Msg string
+}
+
+// Message initialises a MsgBuilder with the provided message.
+func Message(format string, args ...interface{}) *MsgBuilder {
+	return &MsgBuilder{Msg: fmt.Sprintf(format, args...)}
+}
+
+// Title specifies what the title of the message dialog will be.
+func (b *MsgBuilder) Title(title string) *MsgBuilder {
+	b.Dlg.Title = title
+	return b
+}
+
+// YesNo spawns the message dialog with two buttons, "Yes" and "No".
+// Returns true iff the user selected "Yes".
+func (b *MsgBuilder) YesNo() bool {
+	return b.yesNo()
+}
+
+// Info spawns the message dialog with an information icon and single button, "Ok".
+func (b *MsgBuilder) Info() {
+	b.info()
+}
+
+// Error spawns the message dialog with an error icon and single button, "Ok".
+func (b *MsgBuilder) Error() {
+	b.error()
+}
+
+// FileFilter represents a category of files (eg. audio files, spreadsheets).
+type FileFilter struct {
+	Desc       string
+	Extensions []string
+}
+
+// FileBuilder is used for creating file browsing dialogs.
+type FileBuilder struct {
+	Dlg
+	StartDir        string
+	StartFile       string
+	Filters         []FileFilter
+	ShowHiddenFiles bool
+}
+
+// File initialises a FileBuilder using the default configuration.
+func File() *FileBuilder {
+	return &FileBuilder{}
+}
+
+// Title specifies the title to be used for the dialog.
+func (b *FileBuilder) Title(title string) *FileBuilder {
+	b.Dlg.Title = title
+	return b
+}
+
+// Filter adds a category of files to the types allowed by the dialog. Multiple
+// calls to Filter are cumulative - any of the provided categories will be allowed.
+// By default all files can be selected.
+//
+// The special extension '*' allows all files to be selected when the Filter is active.
+func (b *FileBuilder) Filter(desc string, extensions ...string) *FileBuilder {
+	filt := FileFilter{desc, extensions}
+	if len(filt.Extensions) == 0 {
+		filt.Extensions = append(filt.Extensions, "*")
+	}
+	b.Filters = append(b.Filters, filt)
+	return b
+}
+
+// SetStartDir specifies the initial directory of the dialog.
+func (b *FileBuilder) SetStartDir(startDir string) *FileBuilder {
+	b.StartDir = startDir
+	return b
+}
+
+// SetStartFile specifies the initial file name of the dialog.
+func (b *FileBuilder) SetStartFile(startFile string) *FileBuilder {
+	b.StartFile = startFile
+	return b
+}
+
+// ShowHiddenFiles sets whether hidden files should be visible in the dialog.
+func (b *FileBuilder) ShowHidden(show bool) *FileBuilder {
+	b.ShowHiddenFiles = show
+	return b
+}
+
+// Load spawns the file selection dialog using the configured settings,
+// asking the user to select a single file. Returns ErrCancelled as the error
+// if the user cancels or closes the dialog.
+func (b *FileBuilder) Load() (string, error) {
+	return b.load()
+}
+
+// LoadMultiple spawns the file selection dialog using the configured settings,
+// asking the user to select multiple files. Returns ErrCancelled as the error
+// if the user cancels or closes the dialog.
+func (b *FileBuilder) LoadMultiple() ([]string, error) {
+	return b.loadMultiple()
+}
+
+// Save spawns the file selection dialog using the configured settings,
+// asking the user for a filename to save as. If the chosen file exists, the
+// user is prompted whether they want to overwrite the file. Returns
+// ErrCancelled as the error if the user cancels/closes the dialog, or selects
+// not to overwrite the file.
+func (b *FileBuilder) Save() (string, error) {
+	return b.save()
+}
+
+// DirectoryBuilder is used for directory browse dialogs.
+type DirectoryBuilder struct {
+	Dlg
+	StartDir        string
+	ShowHiddenFiles bool
+}
+
+// Directory initialises a DirectoryBuilder using the default configuration.
+func Directory() *DirectoryBuilder {
+	return &DirectoryBuilder{}
+}
+
+// Browse spawns the directory selection dialog using the configured settings,
+// asking the user to select a single folder. Returns ErrCancelled as the error
+// if the user cancels or closes the dialog.
+func (b *DirectoryBuilder) Browse() (string, error) {
+	return b.browse()
+}
+
+// Title specifies the title to be used for the dialog.
+func (b *DirectoryBuilder) Title(title string) *DirectoryBuilder {
+	b.Dlg.Title = title
+	return b
+}
+
+// StartDir specifies the initial directory to be used for the dialog.
+func (b *DirectoryBuilder) SetStartDir(dir string) *DirectoryBuilder {
+	b.StartDir = dir
+	return b
+}
+
+// ShowHiddenFiles sets whether hidden files should be visible in the dialog.
+func (b *DirectoryBuilder) ShowHidden(show bool) *DirectoryBuilder {
+	b.ShowHiddenFiles = show
+	return b
+}
--- a/app/dialog/dlgs_darwin.go
+++ b/app/dialog/dlgs_darwin.go
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+package dialog
+
+import (
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/app/dialog/cocoa"
+)
+
+func (b *MsgBuilder) yesNo() bool {
+	return cocoa.YesNoDlg(b.Msg, b.Dlg.Title)
+}
+
+func (b *MsgBuilder) info() {
+	cocoa.InfoDlg(b.Msg, b.Dlg.Title)
+}
+
+func (b *MsgBuilder) error() {
+	cocoa.ErrorDlg(b.Msg, b.Dlg.Title)
+}
+
+func (b *FileBuilder) load() (string, error) {
+	return b.run(false)
+}
+
+func (b *FileBuilder) loadMultiple() ([]string, error) {
+	return b.runMultiple()
+}
+
+func (b *FileBuilder) save() (string, error) {
+	return b.run(true)
+}
+
+func (b *FileBuilder) run(save bool) (string, error) {
+	star := false
+	var exts []string
+	for _, filt := range b.Filters {
+		for _, ext := range filt.Extensions {
+			if ext == "*" {
+				star = true
+			} else {
+				exts = append(exts, ext)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if star && save {
+		/* OSX doesn't allow the user to switch visible file types/extensions. Also
+		** NSSavePanel's allowsOtherFileTypes property has no effect for an open
+		** dialog, so if "*" is a possible extension we must always show all files. */
+		exts = nil
+	}
+	f, err := cocoa.FileDlg(save, b.Dlg.Title, exts, star, b.StartDir, b.StartFile, b.ShowHiddenFiles)
+	if f == "" && err == nil {
+		return "", ErrCancelled
+	}
+	return f, err
+}
+
+func (b *FileBuilder) runMultiple() ([]string, error) {
+	star := false
+	var exts []string
+	for _, filt := range b.Filters {
+		for _, ext := range filt.Extensions {
+			if ext == "*" {
+				star = true
+			} else {
+				exts = append(exts, ext)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	files, err := cocoa.MultiFileDlg(b.Dlg.Title, exts, star, b.StartDir, b.ShowHiddenFiles)
+	if len(files) == 0 && err == nil {
+		return nil, ErrCancelled
+	}
+	return files, err
+}
+
+func (b *DirectoryBuilder) browse() (string, error) {
+	f, err := cocoa.DirDlg(b.Dlg.Title, b.StartDir, b.ShowHiddenFiles)
+	if f == "" && err == nil {
+		return "", ErrCancelled
+	}
+	return f, err
+}
--- a/app/dialog/dlgs_windows.go
+++ b/app/dialog/dlgs_windows.go
@@ -0,0 +1,241 @@
+package dialog
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"reflect"
+	"syscall"
+	"unicode/utf16"
+	"unsafe"
+
+	"github.com/TheTitanrain/w32"
+)
+
+const multiFileBufferSize = w32.MAX_PATH * 10
+
+type WinDlgError int
+
+func (e WinDlgError) Error() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("CommDlgExtendedError: %#x", int(e))
+}
+
+func err() error {
+	e := w32.CommDlgExtendedError()
+	if e == 0 {
+		return ErrCancelled
+	}
+	return WinDlgError(e)
+}
+
+func (b *MsgBuilder) yesNo() bool {
+	r := w32.MessageBox(w32.HWND(0), b.Msg, firstOf(b.Dlg.Title, "Confirm?"), w32.MB_YESNO)
+	return r == w32.IDYES
+}
+
+func (b *MsgBuilder) info() {
+	w32.MessageBox(w32.HWND(0), b.Msg, firstOf(b.Dlg.Title, "Information"), w32.MB_OK|w32.MB_ICONINFORMATION)
+}
+
+func (b *MsgBuilder) error() {
+	w32.MessageBox(w32.HWND(0), b.Msg, firstOf(b.Dlg.Title, "Error"), w32.MB_OK|w32.MB_ICONERROR)
+}
+
+type filedlg struct {
+	buf     []uint16
+	filters []uint16
+	opf     *w32.OPENFILENAME
+}
+
+func (d filedlg) Filename() string {
+	i := 0
+	for i < len(d.buf) && d.buf[i] != 0 {
+		i++
+	}
+	return string(utf16.Decode(d.buf[:i]))
+}
+
+func (d filedlg) parseMultipleFilenames() []string {
+	var files []string
+	i := 0
+
+	// Find first null terminator (directory path)
+	for i < len(d.buf) && d.buf[i] != 0 {
+		i++
+	}
+
+	if i >= len(d.buf) {
+		return files
+	}
+
+	// Get directory path
+	dirPath := string(utf16.Decode(d.buf[:i]))
+	i++ // Skip null terminator
+
+	// Check if there are more files (multiple selection)
+	if i < len(d.buf) && d.buf[i] != 0 {
+		// Multiple files selected - parse filenames
+		for i < len(d.buf) {
+			start := i
+			// Find next null terminator
+			for i < len(d.buf) && d.buf[i] != 0 {
+				i++
+			}
+			if i >= len(d.buf) {
+				break
+			}
+
+			if start < i {
+				filename := string(utf16.Decode(d.buf[start:i]))
+				if dirPath != "" {
+					files = append(files, dirPath+"\\"+filename)
+				} else {
+					files = append(files, filename)
+				}
+			}
+			i++ // Skip null terminator
+			if i >= len(d.buf) || d.buf[i] == 0 {
+				break // End of list
+			}
+		}
+	} else {
+		// Single file selected
+		files = append(files, dirPath)
+	}
+
+	return files
+}
+
+func (b *FileBuilder) load() (string, error) {
+	d := openfile(w32.OFN_FILEMUSTEXIST|w32.OFN_NOCHANGEDIR, b)
+	if w32.GetOpenFileName(d.opf) {
+		return d.Filename(), nil
+	}
+	return "", err()
+}
+
+func (b *FileBuilder) loadMultiple() ([]string, error) {
+	d := openfile(w32.OFN_FILEMUSTEXIST|w32.OFN_NOCHANGEDIR|w32.OFN_ALLOWMULTISELECT|w32.OFN_EXPLORER, b)
+	d.buf = make([]uint16, multiFileBufferSize)
+	d.opf.File = utf16ptr(d.buf)
+	d.opf.MaxFile = uint32(len(d.buf))
+
+	if w32.GetOpenFileName(d.opf) {
+		return d.parseMultipleFilenames(), nil
+	}
+	return nil, err()
+}
+
+func (b *FileBuilder) save() (string, error) {
+	d := openfile(w32.OFN_OVERWRITEPROMPT|w32.OFN_NOCHANGEDIR, b)
+	if w32.GetSaveFileName(d.opf) {
+		return d.Filename(), nil
+	}
+	return "", err()
+}
+
+/* syscall.UTF16PtrFromString not sufficient because we need to encode embedded NUL bytes */
+func utf16ptr(utf16 []uint16) *uint16 {
+	if utf16[len(utf16)-1] != 0 {
+		panic("refusing to make ptr to non-NUL terminated utf16 slice")
+	}
+	h := (*reflect.SliceHeader)(unsafe.Pointer(&utf16))
+	return (*uint16)(unsafe.Pointer(h.Data))
+}
+
+func utf16slice(ptr *uint16) []uint16 { //nolint:unused
+	hdr := reflect.SliceHeader{Data: uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(ptr)), Len: 1, Cap: 1}
+	slice := *((*[]uint16)(unsafe.Pointer(&hdr))) //nolint:govet
+	i := 0
+	for slice[len(slice)-1] != 0 {
+		i++
+	}
+	hdr.Len = i
+	slice = *((*[]uint16)(unsafe.Pointer(&hdr))) //nolint:govet
+	return slice
+}
+
+func openfile(flags uint32, b *FileBuilder) (d filedlg) {
+	d.buf = make([]uint16, w32.MAX_PATH)
+	if b.StartFile != "" {
+		initialName, _ := syscall.UTF16FromString(b.StartFile)
+		for i := 0; i < len(initialName) && i < w32.MAX_PATH; i++ {
+			d.buf[i] = initialName[i]
+		}
+	}
+	d.opf = &w32.OPENFILENAME{
+		File:    utf16ptr(d.buf),
+		MaxFile: uint32(len(d.buf)),
+		Flags:   flags,
+	}
+	d.opf.StructSize = uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(*d.opf))
+	if b.StartDir != "" {
+		d.opf.InitialDir, _ = syscall.UTF16PtrFromString(b.StartDir)
+	}
+	if b.Dlg.Title != "" {
+		d.opf.Title, _ = syscall.UTF16PtrFromString(b.Dlg.Title)
+	}
+	for _, filt := range b.Filters {
+		/* build utf16 string of form "Music File\0*.mp3;*.ogg;*.wav;\0" */
+		d.filters = append(d.filters, utf16.Encode([]rune(filt.Desc))...)
+		d.filters = append(d.filters, 0)
+		for _, ext := range filt.Extensions {
+			s := fmt.Sprintf("*.%s;", ext)
+			d.filters = append(d.filters, utf16.Encode([]rune(s))...)
+		}
+		d.filters = append(d.filters, 0)
+	}
+	if d.filters != nil {
+		d.filters = append(d.filters, 0, 0) // two extra NUL chars to terminate the list
+		d.opf.Filter = utf16ptr(d.filters)
+	}
+	return d
+}
+
+type dirdlg struct {
+	bi *w32.BROWSEINFO
+}
+
+const (
+	bffm_INITIALIZED     = 1
+	bffm_SELCHANGED      = 2
+	bffm_VALIDATEFAILEDA = 3
+	bffm_VALIDATEFAILEDW = 4
+	bffm_SETSTATUSTEXTA  = (w32.WM_USER + 100)
+	bffm_SETSTATUSTEXTW  = (w32.WM_USER + 104)
+	bffm_ENABLEOK        = (w32.WM_USER + 101)
+	bffm_SETSELECTIONA   = (w32.WM_USER + 102)
+	bffm_SETSELECTIONW   = (w32.WM_USER + 103)
+	bffm_SETOKTEXT       = (w32.WM_USER + 105)
+	bffm_SETEXPANDED     = (w32.WM_USER + 106)
+	bffm_SETSTATUSTEXT   = bffm_SETSTATUSTEXTW
+	bffm_SETSELECTION    = bffm_SETSELECTIONW
+	bffm_VALIDATEFAILED  = bffm_VALIDATEFAILEDW
+)
+
+func callbackDefaultDir(hwnd w32.HWND, msg uint, lParam, lpData uintptr) int {
+	if msg == bffm_INITIALIZED {
+		_ = w32.SendMessage(hwnd, bffm_SETSELECTION, w32.TRUE, lpData)
+	}
+	return 0
+}
+
+func selectdir(b *DirectoryBuilder) (d dirdlg) {
+	d.bi = &w32.BROWSEINFO{Flags: w32.BIF_RETURNONLYFSDIRS | w32.BIF_NEWDIALOGSTYLE}
+	if b.Dlg.Title != "" {
+		d.bi.Title, _ = syscall.UTF16PtrFromString(b.Dlg.Title)
+	}
+	if b.StartDir != "" {
+		s16, _ := syscall.UTF16PtrFromString(b.StartDir)
+		d.bi.LParam = uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(s16))
+		d.bi.CallbackFunc = syscall.NewCallback(callbackDefaultDir)
+	}
+	return d
+}
+
+func (b *DirectoryBuilder) browse() (string, error) {
+	d := selectdir(b)
+	res := w32.SHBrowseForFolder(d.bi)
+	if res == 0 {
+		return "", ErrCancelled
+	}
+	return w32.SHGetPathFromIDList(res), nil
+}
--- a/app/dialog/util.go
+++ b/app/dialog/util.go
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+//go:build windows
+
+package dialog
+
+func firstOf(args ...string) string {
+	for _, arg := range args {
+		if arg != "" {
+			return arg
+		}
+	}
+	return ""
+}
--- a/app/format/field.go
+++ b/app/format/field.go
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+//go:build windows || darwin
+
+package format
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+	"unicode"
+)
+
+// KebabCase converts a string from camelCase or PascalCase to kebab-case.
+// (e.g. "camelCase" -> "camel-case")
+func KebabCase(str string) string {
+	var result strings.Builder
+
+	for i, char := range str {
+		if i > 0 {
+			prevChar := rune(str[i-1])
+
+			// Add hyphen before uppercase letters
+			if unicode.IsUpper(char) &&
+				(unicode.IsLower(prevChar) || unicode.IsDigit(prevChar) ||
+					(i < len(str)-1 && unicode.IsLower(rune(str[i+1])))) {
+				result.WriteRune('-')
+			}
+		}
+		result.WriteRune(unicode.ToLower(char))
+	}
+
+	return result.String()
+}
--- a/app/format/field_test.go
+++ b/app/format/field_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+//go:build windows || darwin
+
+package format
+
+import "testing"
+
+func TestKebabCase(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		input    string
+		expected string
+	}{
+		{"already-kebab-case", "already-kebab-case"},
+		{"simpleCamelCase", "simple-camel-case"},
+		{"PascalCase", "pascal-case"},
+		{"camelCaseWithNumber123", "camel-case-with-number123"},
+		{"APIResponse", "api-response"},
+		{"mixedCASE", "mixed-case"},
+		{"WithACRONYMS", "with-acronyms"},
+		{"ALLCAPS", "allcaps"},
+		{"camelCaseWITHMixedACRONYMS", "camel-case-with-mixed-acronyms"},
+		{"numbers123in456string", "numbers123in456string"},
+		{"5", "5"},
+		{"S", "s"},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.input, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result := KebabCase(tt.input)
+			if result != tt.expected {
+				t.Errorf("toKebabCase(%q) = %q, want %q", tt.input, result, tt.expected)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
--- a/app/logrotate/logrotate.go
+++ b/app/logrotate/logrotate.go
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+//go:build windows || darwin
+
+// package logrotate provides utilities for rotating logs
+// TODO (jmorgan): this most likely doesn't need it's own
+// package and can be moved to app where log files are created
+package logrotate
+
+import (
+	"log/slog"
+	"os"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+const MaxLogFiles = 5
+
+func Rotate(filename string) {
+	if _, err := os.Stat(filename); os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		return
+	}
+
+	index := strings.LastIndex(filename, ".")
+	pre := filename[:index]
+	post := "." + filename[index+1:]
+	for i := MaxLogFiles; i > 0; i-- {
+		older := pre + "-" + strconv.Itoa(i) + post
+		newer := pre + "-" + strconv.Itoa(i-1) + post
+		if i == 1 {
+			newer = pre + post
+		}
+		if _, err := os.Stat(newer); err == nil {
+			if _, err := os.Stat(older); err == nil {
+				err := os.Remove(older)
+				if err != nil {
+					slog.Warn("Failed to remove older log", "older", older, "error", err)
+					continue
+				}
+			}
+			err := os.Rename(newer, older)
+			if err != nil {
+				slog.Warn("Failed to rotate log", "older", older, "newer", newer, "error", err)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
--- a/app/logrotate/logrotate_test.go
+++ b/app/logrotate/logrotate_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+//go:build windows || darwin
+
+package logrotate
+
+import (
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strconv"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestRotate(t *testing.T) {
+	logDir := t.TempDir()
+	logFile := filepath.Join(logDir, "testlog.log")
+
+	// No log exists
+	Rotate(logFile)
+
+	if err := os.WriteFile(logFile, []byte("1"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if _, err := os.Stat(logFile); os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		t.Fatal("expected log file to exist")
+	}
+
+	// First rotation
+	Rotate(logFile)
+	if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(logDir, "testlog-1.log")); os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		t.Fatal("expected rotated log file to exist")
+	}
+	if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(logDir, "testlog-2.log")); !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		t.Fatal("expected no second rotated log file")
+	}
+	if _, err := os.Stat(logFile); !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		t.Fatal("expected original log file to be moved")
+	}
+
+	// Should be a no-op without a new log
+	Rotate(logFile)
+	if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(logDir, "testlog-1.log")); os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		t.Fatal("expected rotated log file to still exist")
+	}
+	if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(logDir, "testlog-2.log")); !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		t.Fatal("expected no second rotated log file")
+	}
+	if _, err := os.Stat(logFile); !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		t.Fatal("expected no original log file")
+	}
+
+	for i := 2; i <= MaxLogFiles+1; i++ {
+		if err := os.WriteFile(logFile, []byte(strconv.Itoa(i)), 0o644); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if _, err := os.Stat(logFile); os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			t.Fatal("expected log file to exist")
+		}
+		Rotate(logFile)
+		if _, err := os.Stat(logFile); !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			t.Fatal("expected log file to be moved")
+		}
+		for j := 1; j < i; j++ {
+			if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(logDir, "testlog-"+strconv.Itoa(j)+".log")); os.IsNotExist(err) {
+				t.Fatalf("expected rotated log file %d to exist", j)
+			}
+		}
+		if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(logDir, "testlog-"+strconv.Itoa(i+1)+".log")); !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			t.Fatalf("expected no rotated log file %d", i+1)
+		}
+	}
+}
--- a/app/ollama.iss
+++ b/app/ollama.iss
@@ -0,0 +1,374 @@
+; Inno Setup Installer for Ollama
+;
+; To build the installer use the build script invoked from the top of the source tree
+; 
+; powershell -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -File .\scripts\build_windows.ps
+
+
+#define MyAppName "Ollama"
+#if GetEnv("PKG_VERSION") != ""
+  #define MyAppVersion GetEnv("PKG_VERSION")
+#else
+  #define MyAppVersion "0.0.0"
+#endif
+#define MyAppPublisher "Ollama"
+#define MyAppURL "https://ollama.com/"
+#define MyAppExeName "ollama app.exe"
+#define MyIcon ".\assets\app.ico"
+
+[Setup]
+; NOTE: The value of AppId uniquely identifies this application. Do not use the same AppId value in installers for other applications.
+; (To generate a new GUID, click Tools | Generate GUID inside the IDE.)
+AppId={{44E83376-CE68-45EB-8FC1-393500EB558C}
+AppName={#MyAppName}
+AppVersion={#MyAppVersion}
+VersionInfoVersion={#MyAppVersion}
+;AppVerName={#MyAppName} {#MyAppVersion}
+AppPublisher={#MyAppPublisher}
+AppPublisherURL={#MyAppURL}
+AppSupportURL={#MyAppURL}
+AppUpdatesURL={#MyAppURL}
+ArchitecturesAllowed=x64compatible arm64
+ArchitecturesInstallIn64BitMode=x64compatible arm64
+DefaultDirName={localappdata}\Programs\{#MyAppName}
+DefaultGroupName={#MyAppName}
+DisableProgramGroupPage=yes
+PrivilegesRequired=lowest
+OutputBaseFilename="OllamaSetup"
+SetupIconFile={#MyIcon}
+UninstallDisplayIcon={uninstallexe}
+Compression=lzma2/ultra64
+LZMAUseSeparateProcess=yes
+LZMANumBlockThreads=8
+SolidCompression=yes
+WizardStyle=modern
+ChangesEnvironment=yes
+OutputDir=..\dist\
+
+; Disable logging once everything's battle tested
+; Filename will be %TEMP%\Setup Log*.txt
+SetupLogging=yes
+CloseApplications=no
+RestartApplications=no
+RestartIfNeededByRun=no
+
+; https://jrsoftware.org/ishelp/index.php?topic=setup_wizardimagefile
+WizardSmallImageFile=.\assets\setup.bmp
+
+; Ollama requires Windows 10 22H2 or newer for proper unicode rendering
+; TODO: consider setting this to 10.0.19045
+MinVersion=10.0.10240
+
+; First release that supports WinRT UI Composition for win32 apps
+; MinVersion=10.0.17134
+; First release with XAML Islands - possible UI path forward
+; MinVersion=10.0.18362
+
+; quiet...
+DisableDirPage=yes
+DisableFinishedPage=yes
+DisableReadyMemo=yes
+DisableReadyPage=yes
+DisableStartupPrompt=yes
+
+; TODO - percentage can't be set less than 100, so how to make it shorter?
+; WizardSizePercent=100,80
+
+#if GetEnv("KEY_CONTAINER")
+SignTool=MySignTool
+SignedUninstaller=yes
+#endif
+
+SetupMutex=OllamaSetupMutex
+
+[Languages]
+Name: "english"; MessagesFile: "compiler:Default.isl"
+
+[LangOptions]
+DialogFontSize=12
+
+[Files]
+#if FileExists("..\dist\windows-ollama-app-amd64.exe")
+Source: "..\dist\windows-ollama-app-amd64.exe"; DestDir: "{app}"; DestName: "{#MyAppExeName}" ;Check: not IsArm64();  Flags: ignoreversion 64bit; BeforeInstall: TaskKill('{#MyAppExeName}')
+Source: "..\dist\windows-amd64\vc_redist.x64.exe"; DestDir: "{tmp}"; Check: not IsArm64() and vc_redist_needed(); Flags: deleteafterinstall
+Source: "..\dist\windows-amd64\ollama.exe"; DestDir: "{app}"; Check: not IsArm64(); Flags: ignoreversion 64bit; BeforeInstall: TaskKill('ollama.exe')
+Source: "..\dist\windows-amd64\lib\ollama\*"; DestDir: "{app}\lib\ollama\"; Check: not IsArm64(); Flags: ignoreversion 64bit recursesubdirs
+#endif
+
+; For local development, rely on binary compatibility at runtime since we can't cross compile
+#if FileExists("..\dist\windows-ollama-app-arm64.exe")
+Source: "..\dist\windows-ollama-app-arm64.exe"; DestDir: "{app}"; DestName: "{#MyAppExeName}" ;Check: IsArm64();  Flags: ignoreversion 64bit; BeforeInstall: TaskKill('{#MyAppExeName}')
+#else 
+Source: "..\dist\windows-ollama-app-amd64.exe"; DestDir: "{app}"; DestName: "{#MyAppExeName}" ;Check: IsArm64();  Flags: ignoreversion 64bit; BeforeInstall: TaskKill('{#MyAppExeName}')
+#endif
+
+#if FileExists("..\dist\windows-arm64\ollama.exe")
+Source: "..\dist\windows-arm64\vc_redist.arm64.exe"; DestDir: "{tmp}"; Check: IsArm64() and vc_redist_needed(); Flags: deleteafterinstall
+Source: "..\dist\windows-arm64\ollama.exe"; DestDir: "{app}"; Check: IsArm64(); Flags: ignoreversion 64bit; BeforeInstall: TaskKill('ollama.exe')
+#endif
+
+Source: ".\assets\app.ico"; DestDir: "{app}"; Flags: ignoreversion
+
+[Icons]
+Name: "{group}\{#MyAppName}"; Filename: "{app}\{#MyAppExeName}"; IconFilename: "{app}\app.ico"
+Name: "{app}\lib\{#MyAppName}"; Filename: "{app}\{#MyAppExeName}"; IconFilename: "{app}\app.ico"
+Name: "{userprograms}\{#MyAppName}"; Filename: "{app}\{#MyAppExeName}"; IconFilename: "{app}\app.ico"
+
+[InstallDelete]
+Type: files; Name: "{%LOCALAPPDATA}\Ollama\updates"
+
+[Run]
+#if DirExists("..\dist\windows-arm64")
+Filename: "{tmp}\vc_redist.arm64.exe"; Parameters: "/install /passive /norestart"; Check: IsArm64() and vc_redist_needed(); StatusMsg: "Installing VC++ Redistributables..."; Flags: waituntilterminated
+#endif
+#if DirExists("..\dist\windows-amd64")
+Filename: "{tmp}\vc_redist.x64.exe"; Parameters: "/install /passive /norestart"; Check: not IsArm64() and vc_redist_needed(); StatusMsg: "Installing VC++ Redistributables..."; Flags: waituntilterminated
+#endif
+Filename: "{cmd}"; Parameters: "/C set PATH={app};%PATH% & ""{app}\{#MyAppExeName}"""; Flags: postinstall nowait runhidden
+
+[UninstallRun]
+; Filename: "{cmd}"; Parameters: "/C ""taskkill /im ''{#MyAppExeName}'' /f /t"; Flags: runhidden
+; Filename: "{cmd}"; Parameters: "/C ""taskkill /im ollama.exe /f /t"; Flags: runhidden
+Filename: "taskkill"; Parameters: "/im ""{#MyAppExeName}"" /f /t"; Flags: runhidden
+Filename: "taskkill"; Parameters: "/im ""ollama.exe"" /f /t"; Flags: runhidden
+; HACK!  need to give the server and app enough time to exit
+; TODO - convert this to a Pascal code script so it waits until they're no longer running, then completes
+Filename: "{cmd}"; Parameters: "/c timeout 5"; Flags: runhidden
+
+[UninstallDelete]
+Type: filesandordirs; Name: "{%TEMP}\ollama*"
+Type: filesandordirs; Name: "{%LOCALAPPDATA}\Ollama"
+Type: filesandordirs; Name: "{%LOCALAPPDATA}\Programs\Ollama"
+Type: filesandordirs; Name: "{%USERPROFILE}\.ollama\history"
+Type: filesandordirs; Name: "{userstartup}\{#MyAppName}.lnk"
+; NOTE: if the user has a custom OLLAMA_MODELS it will be preserved
+
+[InstallDelete]
+Type: filesandordirs; Name: "{%TEMP}\ollama*"
+Type: filesandordirs; Name: "{app}\lib\ollama"
+
+[Messages]
+WizardReady=Ollama
+ReadyLabel1=%nLet's get you up and running with your own large language models.
+SetupAppRunningError=Another Ollama installer is running.%n%nPlease cancel or finish the other installer, then click OK to continue with this install, or Cancel to exit.
+
+
+;FinishedHeadingLabel=Run your first model
+;FinishedLabel=%nRun this command in a PowerShell or cmd terminal.%n%n%n    ollama run llama3.2
+;ClickFinish=%n
+
+[Registry]
+Root: HKCU; Subkey: "Environment"; \
+    ValueType: expandsz; ValueName: "Path"; ValueData: "{olddata};{app}"; \
+    Check: NeedsAddPath('{app}')
+; Register ollama:// URL protocol
+Root: HKCU; Subkey: "Software\Classes\ollama"; ValueType: string; ValueName: ""; ValueData: "URL:Ollama Protocol"; Flags: uninsdeletekey
+Root: HKCU; Subkey: "Software\Classes\ollama"; ValueType: string; ValueName: "URL Protocol"; ValueData: ""; Flags: uninsdeletekey
+Root: HKCU; Subkey: "Software\Classes\ollama\shell\open\command"; ValueType: string; ValueName: ""; ValueData: """{app}\{#MyAppExeName}"" ""%1"""; Flags: uninsdeletekey
+
+[Code]
+
+function NeedsAddPath(Param: string): boolean;
+var
+  OrigPath: string;
+begin
+  if not RegQueryStringValue(HKEY_CURRENT_USER,
+    'Environment',
+    'Path', OrigPath)
+  then begin
+    Result := True;
+    exit;
+  end;
+  { look for the path with leading and trailing semicolon }
+  { Pos() returns 0 if not found }
+  Result := Pos(';' + ExpandConstant(Param) + ';', ';' + OrigPath + ';') = 0;
+end;
+
+{ --- VC Runtime libraries discovery code - Only install vc_redist if it isn't already installed ----- }
+const VCRTL_MIN_V1 = 14;
+const VCRTL_MIN_V2 = 40;
+const VCRTL_MIN_V3 = 33807;
+const VCRTL_MIN_V4 = 0;
+
+ // check if the minimum required vc redist is installed (by looking the registry)
+function vc_redist_needed (): Boolean;
+var
+  sRegKey: string;
+  v1: Cardinal;
+  v2: Cardinal;
+  v3: Cardinal;
+  v4: Cardinal;
+begin
+  if (IsArm64()) then begin
+    sRegKey := 'SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\VisualStudio\14.0\VC\Runtimes\arm64';
+  end else begin
+    sRegKey := 'SOFTWARE\Microsoft\VisualStudio\14.0\VC\Runtimes\x64';
+  end;
+  if (RegQueryDWordValue (HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, sRegKey, 'Major', v1)  and
+      RegQueryDWordValue (HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, sRegKey, 'Minor', v2) and
+      RegQueryDWordValue (HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, sRegKey, 'Bld', v3) and
+      RegQueryDWordValue (HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, sRegKey, 'RBld', v4)) then
+  begin
+    Log ('VC Redist version: ' + IntToStr (v1) +
+        '.' + IntToStr (v2) + '.' + IntToStr (v3) +
+        '.' + IntToStr (v4));
+    { Version info was found. Return true if later or equal to our
+       minimal required version RTL_MIN_Vx }
+    Result := not (
+        (v1 > VCRTL_MIN_V1) or ((v1 = VCRTL_MIN_V1) and
+         ((v2 > VCRTL_MIN_V2) or ((v2 = VCRTL_MIN_V2) and
+          ((v3 > VCRTL_MIN_V3) or ((v3 = VCRTL_MIN_V3) and
+           (v4 >= VCRTL_MIN_V4)))))));
+  end
+  else
+    Result := TRUE;
+end;
+
+function GetDirSize(Path: String): Int64;
+var
+  FindRec: TFindRec;
+  FilePath: string;
+  Size: Int64;
+begin
+  if FindFirst(Path + '\*', FindRec) then begin
+    Result := 0;
+    try
+      repeat
+        if (FindRec.Name <> '.') and (FindRec.Name <> '..') then begin
+          FilePath := Path + '\' + FindRec.Name;
+          if (FindRec.Attributes and FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) <> 0 then begin
+            Size := GetDirSize(FilePath);
+          end else begin
+            Size := Int64(FindRec.SizeHigh) shl 32 + FindRec.SizeLow;
+          end;
+          Result := Result + Size;
+        end;
+      until not FindNext(FindRec);
+    finally
+      FindClose(FindRec);
+    end;
+  end else begin
+    Log(Format('Failed to list %s', [Path]));
+    Result := -1;
+  end;
+end;
+
+var
+  DeleteModelsChecked: Boolean;
+  ModelsDir: string;
+
+procedure InitializeUninstallProgressForm();
+var
+  UninstallPage: TNewNotebookPage;
+  UninstallButton: TNewButton;
+  DeleteModelsCheckbox: TNewCheckBox;
+  OriginalPageNameLabel: string;
+  OriginalPageDescriptionLabel: string;
+  OriginalCancelButtonEnabled: Boolean;
+  OriginalCancelButtonModalResult: Integer;
+  ctrl: TWinControl;
+  ModelDirA: AnsiString;
+  ModelsSize: Int64;
+begin
+  if not UninstallSilent then begin
+    ctrl := UninstallProgressForm.CancelButton;
+    UninstallButton := TNewButton.Create(UninstallProgressForm);
+    UninstallButton.Parent := UninstallProgressForm;
+    UninstallButton.Left := ctrl.Left - ctrl.Width - ScaleX(10);
+    UninstallButton.Top := ctrl.Top;
+    UninstallButton.Width := ctrl.Width;
+    UninstallButton.Height := ctrl.Height;
+    UninstallButton.TabOrder := ctrl.TabOrder;
+    UninstallButton.Caption := 'Uninstall';
+    UninstallButton.ModalResult := mrOK;    
+    UninstallProgressForm.CancelButton.TabOrder := UninstallButton.TabOrder + 1;
+    UninstallPage := TNewNotebookPage.Create(UninstallProgressForm);
+    UninstallPage.Notebook := UninstallProgressForm.InnerNotebook;
+    UninstallPage.Parent := UninstallProgressForm.InnerNotebook;
+    UninstallPage.Align := alClient;
+    UninstallProgressForm.InnerNotebook.ActivePage := UninstallPage;
+
+    ctrl := UninstallProgressForm.StatusLabel;
+    with TNewStaticText.Create(UninstallProgressForm) do begin
+      Parent := UninstallPage;
+      Top := ctrl.Top;
+      Left := ctrl.Left;
+      Width := ctrl.Width;
+      Height := ctrl.Height;
+      AutoSize := False;
+      ShowAccelChar := False;
+      Caption := '';
+    end;
+
+    if (DirExists(GetEnv('USERPROFILE') + '\.ollama\models\blobs')) then begin
+      ModelsDir := GetEnv('USERPROFILE') + '\.ollama\models';
+      ModelsSize := GetDirSize(ModelsDir);
+    end;
+
+    DeleteModelsCheckbox := TNewCheckBox.Create(UninstallProgressForm);
+    DeleteModelsCheckbox.Parent := UninstallPage;
+    DeleteModelsCheckbox.Top := ctrl.Top + ScaleY(30);
+    DeleteModelsCheckbox.Left := ctrl.Left;
+    DeleteModelsCheckbox.Width := ScaleX(300);
+    if ModelsSize > 1024*1024*1024 then begin
+      DeleteModelsCheckbox.Caption := 'Remove models (' + IntToStr(ModelsSize/(1024*1024*1024)) + ' GB) ' + ModelsDir;
+    end else if ModelsSize > 1024*1024 then begin
+      DeleteModelsCheckbox.Caption := 'Remove models (' + IntToStr(ModelsSize/(1024*1024)) + ' MB) ' + ModelsDir;
+    end else begin
+      DeleteModelsCheckbox.Caption := 'Remove models ' + ModelsDir;
+    end;
+    DeleteModelsCheckbox.Checked := True;
+
+    OriginalPageNameLabel := UninstallProgressForm.PageNameLabel.Caption;
+    OriginalPageDescriptionLabel := UninstallProgressForm.PageDescriptionLabel.Caption;
+    OriginalCancelButtonEnabled := UninstallProgressForm.CancelButton.Enabled;
+    OriginalCancelButtonModalResult := UninstallProgressForm.CancelButton.ModalResult;
+
+    UninstallProgressForm.PageNameLabel.Caption := '';
+    UninstallProgressForm.PageDescriptionLabel.Caption := '';
+    UninstallProgressForm.CancelButton.Enabled := True;
+    UninstallProgressForm.CancelButton.ModalResult := mrCancel;
+
+    if UninstallProgressForm.ShowModal = mrCancel then Abort;
+
+    UninstallButton.Visible := False;   
+    UninstallProgressForm.PageNameLabel.Caption := OriginalPageNameLabel;
+    UninstallProgressForm.PageDescriptionLabel.Caption := OriginalPageDescriptionLabel;
+    UninstallProgressForm.CancelButton.Enabled := OriginalCancelButtonEnabled;
+    UninstallProgressForm.CancelButton.ModalResult := OriginalCancelButtonModalResult;
+
+    UninstallProgressForm.InnerNotebook.ActivePage := UninstallProgressForm.InstallingPage;
+
+    if DeleteModelsCheckbox.Checked then begin
+      DeleteModelsChecked:=True;
+    end else begin
+      DeleteModelsChecked:=False;
+    end;
+  end;
+end;
+
+procedure CurUninstallStepChanged(CurUninstallStep: TUninstallStep);
+begin
+  if CurUninstallStep = usDone then begin
+    if DeleteModelsChecked then begin
+      Log('user requested model cleanup');
+      if (VarIsEmpty(ModelsDir)) then begin
+        Log('cleaning up home directory models')
+        DelTree(GetEnv('USERPROFILE') + '\.ollama\models', True, True, True);
+      end else begin
+        Log('cleaning up custom directory models ' + ModelsDir)
+        DelTree(ModelsDir + '\blobs', True, True, True);
+        DelTree(ModelsDir + '\manifests', True, True, True);
+      end;
+    end else begin
+      Log('user requested to preserve model dir');
+    end;
+  end;
+end;
+
+procedure TaskKill(FileName: String);
+var
+  ResultCode: Integer;
+begin
+    Exec('taskkill.exe', '/f /im ' + '"' + FileName + '"', '', SW_HIDE, ewWaitUntilTerminated, ResultCode);
+end;
--- a/app/ollama.rc
+++ b/app/ollama.rc
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#include <winver.h>
+
+VS_VERSION_INFO VERSIONINFO
+ FILEFLAGSMASK 0x3fL
+#ifdef _DEBUG
+ FILEFLAGS 0x1L
+#else
+ FILEFLAGS 0x0L
+#endif
+ FILEOS 0x40004L
+ FILETYPE 0x1L
+ FILESUBTYPE 0x0L
+BEGIN
+    BLOCK "StringFileInfo"
+    BEGIN
+        BLOCK "040904b0"
+        BEGIN
+            VALUE "FileDescription", "Ollama"
+            VALUE "InternalName", "Ollama"
+            VALUE "OriginalFilename", "ollama app.exe"
+            VALUE "ProductName", "Ollama"
+        END
+    END
+
+    BLOCK "VarFileInfo"
+    BEGIN
+        VALUE "Translation", 0x409, 1200
+    END
+END
--- a/app/server/server.go
+++ b/app/server/server.go
@@ -0,0 +1,409 @@
+//go:build windows || darwin
+
+package server
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"log/slog"
+	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"regexp"
+	"runtime"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/app/logrotate"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/app/store"
+)
+
+const restartDelay = time.Second
+
+// Server is a managed ollama server process
+type Server struct {
+	store *store.Store
+	bin   string // resolved path to `ollama`
+	log   io.WriteCloser
+	dev   bool // true if running with the dev flag
+}
+
+type InferenceCompute struct {
+	Library string
+	Variant string
+	Compute string
+	Driver  string
+	Name    string
+	VRAM    string
+}
+
+type InferenceInfo struct {
+	Computes             []InferenceCompute
+	DefaultContextLength int
+}
+
+func New(s *store.Store, devMode bool) *Server {
+	p := resolvePath("ollama")
+	return &Server{store: s, bin: p, dev: devMode}
+}
+
+func resolvePath(name string) string {
+	// look in the app bundle first
+	if exe, _ := os.Executable(); exe != "" {
+		var dir string
+		if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
+			dir = filepath.Dir(exe)
+		} else {
+			dir = filepath.Join(filepath.Dir(exe), "..", "Resources")
+		}
+		if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(dir, name)); err == nil {
+			return filepath.Join(dir, name)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// check the development dist path
+	for _, path := range []string{
+		filepath.Join("dist", runtime.GOOS, name),
+		filepath.Join("dist", runtime.GOOS+"-"+runtime.GOARCH, name),
+	} {
+		if _, err := os.Stat(path); err == nil {
+			return path
+		}
+	}
+
+	// fallback to system path
+	if p, _ := exec.LookPath(name); p != "" {
+		return p
+	}
+
+	return name
+}
+
+func ollamaServeArgs(args []string) bool {
+	if len(args) < 2 {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	switch strings.Trim(filepath.Base(args[0]), `"`) {
+	case "ollama", "ollama.exe":
+	default:
+		return false
+	}
+
+	for _, rawArg := range args[1:] {
+		arg := strings.Trim(rawArg, `"`)
+		if strings.HasPrefix(arg, "-") {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		return arg == "serve" || arg == "start"
+	}
+
+	return false
+}
+
+// cleanup checks the pid file for a running ollama process
+// and shuts it down gracefully if it is running
+func cleanup() error {
+	data, err := os.ReadFile(pidFile)
+	if err != nil {
+		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			return nil
+		}
+		return err
+	}
+	defer os.Remove(pidFile)
+
+	pid, err := strconv.Atoi(strings.TrimSpace(string(data)))
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	proc, err := os.FindProcess(pid)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	ok, err := terminated(pid)
+	if err != nil {
+		slog.Debug("cleanup: error checking if terminated", "pid", pid, "err", err)
+	}
+	if ok {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	slog.Info("detected previous ollama process, cleaning up", "pid", pid)
+	return stop(proc)
+}
+
+// stop waits for a process with the provided pid to exit by polling
+// `terminated(pid)`. If the process has not exited within 5 seconds, it logs a
+// warning and kills the process.
+func stop(proc *os.Process) error {
+	if proc == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	if err := terminate(proc); err != nil {
+		slog.Warn("graceful terminate failed, killing", "err", err)
+		return proc.Kill()
+	}
+
+	deadline := time.NewTimer(5 * time.Second)
+	defer deadline.Stop()
+
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-deadline.C:
+			slog.Warn("timeout waiting for graceful shutdown; killing", "pid", proc.Pid)
+			return proc.Kill()
+		default:
+			ok, err := terminated(proc.Pid)
+			if err != nil {
+				slog.Error("error checking if ollama process is terminated", "err", err)
+				return err
+			}
+			if ok {
+				return nil
+			}
+			time.Sleep(10 * time.Millisecond)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *Server) Run(ctx context.Context) error {
+	l, err := openRotatingLog()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	s.log = l
+	defer s.log.Close()
+
+	if err := cleanup(); err != nil {
+		slog.Warn("failed to cleanup previous ollama process", "err", err)
+	}
+
+	reaped := false
+	for ctx.Err() == nil {
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return ctx.Err()
+		case <-time.After(restartDelay):
+		}
+
+		cmd, err := s.cmd(ctx)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		if err := cmd.Start(); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		err = os.WriteFile(pidFile, []byte(strconv.Itoa(cmd.Process.Pid)), 0o644)
+		if err != nil {
+			slog.Warn("failed to write pid file", "file", pidFile, "err", err)
+		}
+
+		if err = cmd.Wait(); err != nil && !errors.Is(err, context.Canceled) {
+			var exitErr *exec.ExitError
+			if errors.As(err, &exitErr) && exitErr.ExitCode() == 1 && !s.dev && !reaped {
+				reaped = true
+				// This could be a port conflict, try to kill any existing ollama processes
+				if err := reapServers(); err != nil {
+					slog.Warn("failed to stop existing ollama server", "err", err)
+				} else {
+					slog.Debug("conflicting server stopped, waiting for port to be released")
+					continue
+				}
+			}
+			slog.Error("ollama exited", "err", err)
+		}
+	}
+	return ctx.Err()
+}
+
+func (s *Server) cmd(ctx context.Context) (*exec.Cmd, error) {
+	settings, err := s.store.Settings()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	cloudDisabled, err := s.store.CloudDisabled()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	cmd := commandContext(ctx, s.bin, "serve")
+	cmd.Stdout, cmd.Stderr = s.log, s.log
+
+	// Copy and mutate the environment to merge in settings the user has specified without dups
+	env := map[string]string{}
+	for _, kv := range os.Environ() {
+		s := strings.SplitN(kv, "=", 2)
+		env[s[0]] = s[1]
+	}
+	if settings.Expose {
+		env["OLLAMA_HOST"] = "0.0.0.0"
+	}
+	if settings.Browser {
+		env["OLLAMA_ORIGINS"] = "*"
+	}
+	if settings.Models != "" {
+		if _, err := os.Stat(settings.Models); err == nil {
+			env["OLLAMA_MODELS"] = settings.Models
+		} else {
+			slog.Warn("models path not accessible, using default", "path", settings.Models, "err", err)
+		}
+	}
+	if settings.ContextLength > 0 {
+		env["OLLAMA_CONTEXT_LENGTH"] = strconv.Itoa(settings.ContextLength)
+	}
+	if cloudDisabled {
+		env["OLLAMA_NO_CLOUD"] = "1"
+	} else {
+		env["OLLAMA_NO_CLOUD"] = "0"
+	}
+	cmd.Env = []string{}
+	for k, v := range env {
+		cmd.Env = append(cmd.Env, k+"="+v)
+	}
+
+	cmd.Cancel = func() error {
+		if cmd.Process == nil {
+			return nil
+		}
+		return stop(cmd.Process)
+	}
+
+	return cmd, nil
+}
+
+func openRotatingLog() (io.WriteCloser, error) {
+	// TODO consider rotation based on size or time, not just every server invocation
+	dir := filepath.Dir(serverLogPath)
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(dir, 0o755); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create log directory: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	logrotate.Rotate(serverLogPath)
+	f, err := os.OpenFile(serverLogPath, os.O_APPEND|os.O_CREATE|os.O_WRONLY, 0o644)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("open log file: %w", err)
+	}
+	return f, nil
+}
+
+// Attempt to retrieve inference compute information from the server
+// log.  Set ctx to timeout to control how long to wait for the logs to appear
+func GetInferenceInfo(ctx context.Context) (*InferenceInfo, error) {
+	info := &InferenceInfo{}
+	computeMarker := regexp.MustCompile(`inference compute.*library=`)
+	defaultCtxMarker := regexp.MustCompile(`vram-based default context`)
+	defaultCtxRegex := regexp.MustCompile(`default_num_ctx=(\d+)`)
+
+	q := `inference compute.*%s=["]([^"]*)["]`
+	nq := `inference compute.*%s=(\S+)\s`
+	type regex struct {
+		q  *regexp.Regexp
+		nq *regexp.Regexp
+	}
+	regexes := map[string]regex{
+		"library": {
+			q:  regexp.MustCompile(fmt.Sprintf(q, "library")),
+			nq: regexp.MustCompile(fmt.Sprintf(nq, "library")),
+		},
+		"variant": {
+			q:  regexp.MustCompile(fmt.Sprintf(q, "variant")),
+			nq: regexp.MustCompile(fmt.Sprintf(nq, "variant")),
+		},
+		"compute": {
+			q:  regexp.MustCompile(fmt.Sprintf(q, "compute")),
+			nq: regexp.MustCompile(fmt.Sprintf(nq, "compute")),
+		},
+		"driver": {
+			q:  regexp.MustCompile(fmt.Sprintf(q, "driver")),
+			nq: regexp.MustCompile(fmt.Sprintf(nq, "driver")),
+		},
+		"name": {
+			q:  regexp.MustCompile(fmt.Sprintf(q, "name")),
+			nq: regexp.MustCompile(fmt.Sprintf(nq, "name")),
+		},
+		"total": {
+			q:  regexp.MustCompile(fmt.Sprintf(q, "total")),
+			nq: regexp.MustCompile(fmt.Sprintf(nq, "total")),
+		},
+	}
+	get := func(field, line string) string {
+		regex, ok := regexes[field]
+		if !ok {
+			slog.Warn("missing field", "field", field)
+			return ""
+		}
+		match := regex.q.FindStringSubmatch(line)
+
+		if len(match) > 1 {
+			return match[1]
+		}
+		match = regex.nq.FindStringSubmatch(line)
+		if len(match) > 1 {
+			return match[1]
+		}
+		return ""
+	}
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("timeout scanning server log for inference compute details")
+		default:
+		}
+		file, err := os.Open(serverLogPath)
+		if err != nil {
+			slog.Debug("failed to open server log", "log", serverLogPath, "error", err)
+			time.Sleep(time.Second)
+			continue
+		}
+		defer file.Close()
+		scanner := bufio.NewScanner(file)
+		for scanner.Scan() {
+			line := scanner.Text()
+			// Check for inference compute lines
+			if computeMarker.MatchString(line) {
+				ic := InferenceCompute{
+					Library: get("library", line),
+					Variant: get("variant", line),
+					Compute: get("compute", line),
+					Driver:  get("driver", line),
+					Name:    get("name", line),
+					VRAM:    get("total", line),
+				}
+
+				slog.Info("Matched", "inference compute", ic)
+				info.Computes = append(info.Computes, ic)
+				continue
+			}
+			// Check for default context length line
+			if defaultCtxMarker.MatchString(line) {
+				match := defaultCtxRegex.FindStringSubmatch(line)
+				if len(match) > 1 {
+					numCtx, err := strconv.Atoi(match[1])
+					if err == nil {
+						info.DefaultContextLength = numCtx
+						slog.Info("Matched default context length", "default_num_ctx", numCtx)
+					}
+				}
+				return info, nil
+			}
+			// If we've found compute info but hit a non-matching line, return what we have
+			// This handles older server versions that don't log the default context line
+			if len(info.Computes) > 0 {
+				return info, nil
+			}
+		}
+		time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
+	}
+}
--- a/app/server/server_test.go
+++ b/app/server/server_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,400 @@
+//go:build windows || darwin
+
+package server
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"reflect"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/app/store"
+)
+
+func TestNew(t *testing.T) {
+	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+	st := &store.Store{DBPath: filepath.Join(tmpDir, "db.sqlite")}
+	defer st.Close() // Ensure database is closed before cleanup
+	s := New(st, false)
+
+	if s == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected non-nil server")
+	}
+
+	if s.bin == "" {
+		t.Error("expected non-empty bin path")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestServerCmd(t *testing.T) {
+	os.Unsetenv("OLLAMA_HOST")
+	os.Unsetenv("OLLAMA_ORIGINS")
+	os.Unsetenv("OLLAMA_MODELS")
+	var defaultModels string
+	home, err := os.UserHomeDir()
+	if err == nil {
+		defaultModels = filepath.Join(home, ".ollama", "models")
+		os.MkdirAll(defaultModels, 0o755)
+	}
+
+	tmpModels := t.TempDir()
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		settings store.Settings
+		want     []string
+		dont     []string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "default",
+			settings: store.Settings{},
+			want:     []string{"OLLAMA_MODELS=" + defaultModels},
+			dont:     []string{"OLLAMA_HOST=", "OLLAMA_ORIGINS="},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "expose",
+			settings: store.Settings{Expose: true},
+			want:     []string{"OLLAMA_HOST=0.0.0.0", "OLLAMA_MODELS=" + defaultModels},
+			dont:     []string{"OLLAMA_ORIGINS="},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "browser",
+			settings: store.Settings{Browser: true},
+			want:     []string{"OLLAMA_ORIGINS=*", "OLLAMA_MODELS=" + defaultModels},
+			dont:     []string{"OLLAMA_HOST="},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "models",
+			settings: store.Settings{Models: tmpModels},
+			want:     []string{"OLLAMA_MODELS=" + tmpModels},
+			dont:     []string{"OLLAMA_HOST=", "OLLAMA_ORIGINS="},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "inaccessible_models",
+			settings: store.Settings{Models: "/nonexistent/external/drive/models"},
+			want:     []string{},
+			dont:     []string{"OLLAMA_MODELS="},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "all",
+			settings: store.Settings{
+				Expose:  true,
+				Browser: true,
+				Models:  tmpModels,
+			},
+			want: []string{
+				"OLLAMA_HOST=0.0.0.0",
+				"OLLAMA_ORIGINS=*",
+				"OLLAMA_MODELS=" + tmpModels,
+			},
+			dont: []string{},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+			st := &store.Store{DBPath: filepath.Join(tmpDir, "db.sqlite")}
+			defer st.Close() // Ensure database is closed before cleanup
+			st.SetSettings(tt.settings)
+			s := &Server{
+				store: st,
+			}
+
+			cmd, err := s.cmd(t.Context())
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("s.cmd() error = %v", err)
+			}
+
+			for _, want := range tt.want {
+				found := false
+				for _, env := range cmd.Env {
+					if strings.HasPrefix(env, want) {
+						found = true
+						break
+					}
+				}
+				if !found {
+					t.Errorf("expected environment variable containing %s", want)
+				}
+			}
+
+			for _, dont := range tt.dont {
+				for _, env := range cmd.Env {
+					if strings.HasPrefix(env, dont) {
+						t.Errorf("unexpected environment variable: %s", env)
+					}
+				}
+			}
+
+			if cmd.Cancel == nil {
+				t.Error("expected non-nil cancel function")
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestServerCmdCloudSettingEnv(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name          string
+		envValue      string
+		configContent string
+		want          string
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "default cloud enabled",
+			want: "OLLAMA_NO_CLOUD=0",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "env disables cloud",
+			envValue: "1",
+			want:     "OLLAMA_NO_CLOUD=1",
+		},
+		{
+			name:          "config disables cloud",
+			configContent: `{"disable_ollama_cloud": true}`,
+			want:          "OLLAMA_NO_CLOUD=1",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "invalid env disables cloud",
+			envValue: "invalid",
+			want:     "OLLAMA_NO_CLOUD=1",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			tmpHome := t.TempDir()
+			t.Setenv("HOME", tmpHome)
+			t.Setenv("USERPROFILE", tmpHome)
+			t.Setenv("OLLAMA_NO_CLOUD", tt.envValue)
+
+			if tt.configContent != "" {
+				configDir := filepath.Join(tmpHome, ".ollama")
+				if err := os.MkdirAll(configDir, 0o755); err != nil {
+					t.Fatalf("mkdir config dir: %v", err)
+				}
+				configPath := filepath.Join(configDir, "server.json")
+				if err := os.WriteFile(configPath, []byte(tt.configContent), 0o644); err != nil {
+					t.Fatalf("write config: %v", err)
+				}
+			}
+
+			st := &store.Store{DBPath: filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "db.sqlite")}
+			defer st.Close()
+
+			s := &Server{store: st}
+			cmd, err := s.cmd(t.Context())
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("s.cmd() error = %v", err)
+			}
+
+			found := false
+			for _, env := range cmd.Env {
+				if env == tt.want {
+					found = true
+					break
+				}
+			}
+			if !found {
+				t.Fatalf("expected environment variable %q in command env", tt.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestOllamaServeArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name string
+		args []string
+		want bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "system ollama serve",
+			args: []string{"ollama", "serve"},
+			want: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "relative path ollama serve",
+			args: []string{"./ollama", "serve"},
+			want: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "serve after other flags",
+			args: []string{"./ollama", "--verbose", "serve"},
+			want: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "start alias",
+			args: []string{"ollama", "start"},
+			want: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "launch command",
+			args: []string{"ollama", "launch", "opencode"},
+			want: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "run command with model named serve",
+			args: []string{"ollama", "run", "serve"},
+			want: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "launch command with serve in passthrough args",
+			args: []string{"ollama", "launch", "codex", "--", "-p", "serve"},
+			want: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "different executable",
+			args: []string{"go", "run", "serve"},
+			want: false,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			if got := ollamaServeArgs(tt.args); got != tt.want {
+				t.Fatalf("ollamaServeArgs(%v) = %v, want %v", tt.args, got, tt.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetInferenceInfo(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name             string
+		log              string
+		expComputes      []InferenceCompute
+		expDefaultCtxLen int
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "metal",
+			log: `time=2025-06-30T09:23:07.374-07:00 level=DEBUG source=sched.go:108 msg="starting llm scheduler"
+time=2025-06-30T09:23:07.416-07:00 level=INFO source=types.go:130 msg="inference compute" id=0 library=metal variant="" compute="" driver=0.0 name="" total="96.0 GiB" available="96.0 GiB"
+time=2025-06-30T09:23:07.417-07:00 level=INFO source=routes.go:1721 msg="vram-based default context" total_vram="96.0 GiB" default_num_ctx=262144
+time=2025-06-30T09:25:56.197-07:00 level=DEBUG source=ggml.go:155 msg="key not found" key=general.alignment default=32
+`,
+			expComputes: []InferenceCompute{{
+				Library: "metal",
+				Driver:  "0.0",
+				VRAM:    "96.0 GiB",
+			}},
+			expDefaultCtxLen: 262144,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "cpu",
+			log: `time=2025-07-01T17:59:51.470Z level=INFO source=gpu.go:377 msg="no compatible GPUs were discovered"
+time=2025-07-01T17:59:51.470Z level=INFO source=types.go:130 msg="inference compute" id=0 library=cpu variant="" compute="" driver=0.0 name="" total="31.3 GiB" available="30.4 GiB"
+time=2025-07-01T17:59:51.471Z level=INFO source=routes.go:1721 msg="vram-based default context" total_vram="31.3 GiB" default_num_ctx=32768
+[GIN] 2025/07/01 - 18:00:09 | 200 |      50.263µs | 100.126.204.152 | HEAD     "/"
+`,
+			expComputes: []InferenceCompute{{
+				Library: "cpu",
+				Driver:  "0.0",
+				VRAM:    "31.3 GiB",
+			}},
+			expDefaultCtxLen: 32768,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "cuda1",
+			log: `time=2025-07-01T19:33:43.162Z level=DEBUG source=amd_linux.go:419 msg="amdgpu driver not detected /sys/module/amdgpu"
+releasing cuda driver library
+time=2025-07-01T19:33:43.162Z level=INFO source=types.go:130 msg="inference compute" id=GPU-452cac9f-6960-839c-4fb3-0cec83699196 library=cuda variant=v12 compute=6.1 driver=12.7 name="NVIDIA GeForce GT 1030" total="3.9 GiB" available="3.9 GiB"
+time=2025-07-01T19:33:43.163Z level=INFO source=routes.go:1721 msg="vram-based default context" total_vram="3.9 GiB" default_num_ctx=4096
+[GIN] 2025/07/01 - 18:00:09 | 200 |      50.263µs | 100.126.204.152 | HEAD     "/"
+`,
+			expComputes: []InferenceCompute{{
+				Library: "cuda",
+				Variant: "v12",
+				Compute: "6.1",
+				Driver:  "12.7",
+				Name:    "NVIDIA GeForce GT 1030",
+				VRAM:    "3.9 GiB",
+			}},
+			expDefaultCtxLen: 4096,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "frank",
+			log: `time=2025-07-01T19:36:13.315Z level=INFO source=amd_linux.go:386 msg="amdgpu is supported" gpu=GPU-9abb57639fa80c50 gpu_type=gfx1030
+		releasing cuda driver library
+		time=2025-07-01T19:36:13.315Z level=INFO source=types.go:130 msg="inference compute" id=GPU-d6de3398-9932-6902-11ec-fee8e424c8a2 library=cuda variant=v12 compute=7.5 driver=12.8 name="NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2080 Ti" total="10.6 GiB" available="10.4 GiB"
+		time=2025-07-01T19:36:13.315Z level=INFO source=types.go:130 msg="inference compute" id=GPU-9abb57639fa80c50 library=rocm variant="" compute=gfx1030 driver=6.3 name=1002:73bf total="16.0 GiB" available="1.3 GiB"
+		time=2025-07-01T19:36:13.316Z level=INFO source=routes.go:1721 msg="vram-based default context" total_vram="26.6 GiB" default_num_ctx=32768
+		[GIN] 2025/07/01 - 18:00:09 | 200 |      50.263µs | 100.126.204.152 | HEAD     "/"
+		`,
+			expComputes: []InferenceCompute{
+				{
+					Library: "cuda",
+					Variant: "v12",
+					Compute: "7.5",
+					Driver:  "12.8",
+					Name:    "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2080 Ti",
+					VRAM:    "10.6 GiB",
+				},
+				{
+					Library: "rocm",
+					Compute: "gfx1030",
+					Driver:  "6.3",
+					Name:    "1002:73bf",
+					VRAM:    "16.0 GiB",
+				},
+			},
+			expDefaultCtxLen: 32768,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "missing_default_context",
+			log: `time=2025-06-30T09:23:07.374-07:00 level=DEBUG source=sched.go:108 msg="starting llm scheduler"
+time=2025-06-30T09:23:07.416-07:00 level=INFO source=types.go:130 msg="inference compute" id=0 library=metal variant="" compute="" driver=0.0 name="" total="96.0 GiB" available="96.0 GiB"
+time=2025-06-30T09:25:56.197-07:00 level=DEBUG source=ggml.go:155 msg="key not found" key=general.alignment default=32
+`,
+			expComputes: []InferenceCompute{{
+				Library: "metal",
+				Driver:  "0.0",
+				VRAM:    "96.0 GiB",
+			}},
+			expDefaultCtxLen: 0, // No default context line, should return 0
+		},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+			serverLogPath = filepath.Join(tmpDir, "server.log")
+			err := os.WriteFile(serverLogPath, []byte(tt.log), 0o644)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("failed to write log file %s: %s", serverLogPath, err)
+			}
+			ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(t.Context(), 10*time.Millisecond)
+			defer cancel()
+			info, err := GetInferenceInfo(ctx)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("failed to get inference info: %v", err)
+			}
+			if !reflect.DeepEqual(info.Computes, tt.expComputes) {
+				t.Fatalf("computes mismatch\ngot:\n%#v\nwant:\n%#v", info.Computes, tt.expComputes)
+			}
+			if info.DefaultContextLength != tt.expDefaultCtxLen {
+				t.Fatalf("default context length mismatch: got %d, want %d", info.DefaultContextLength, tt.expDefaultCtxLen)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetInferenceInfoTimeout(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(t.Context(), 10*time.Millisecond)
+	defer cancel()
+	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+	serverLogPath = filepath.Join(tmpDir, "server.log")
+	err := os.WriteFile(serverLogPath, []byte("foo\nbar\nbaz\n"), 0o644)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to write log file %s: %s", serverLogPath, err)
+	}
+	_, err = GetInferenceInfo(ctx)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected timeout")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "timeout") {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %s", err)
+	}
+}
--- a/app/server/server_unix.go
+++ b/app/server/server_unix.go
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+//go:build darwin
+
+package server
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"log/slog"
+	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"syscall"
+)
+
+var (
+	pidFile       = filepath.Join(os.Getenv("HOME"), "Library", "Application Support", "Ollama", "ollama.pid")
+	serverLogPath = filepath.Join(os.Getenv("HOME"), ".ollama", "logs", "server.log")
+)
+
+func commandContext(ctx context.Context, name string, arg ...string) *exec.Cmd {
+	return exec.CommandContext(ctx, name, arg...)
+}
+
+func terminate(proc *os.Process) error {
+	return proc.Signal(os.Interrupt)
+}
+
+func terminated(pid int) (bool, error) {
+	proc, err := os.FindProcess(pid)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, fmt.Errorf("failed to find process: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	err = proc.Signal(syscall.Signal(0))
+	if err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(err, os.ErrProcessDone) || errors.Is(err, syscall.ESRCH) {
+			return true, nil
+		}
+
+		return false, fmt.Errorf("error signaling process: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	return false, nil
+}
+
+func ollamaServeProcess(pid int) bool {
+	output, err := exec.Command("ps", "-p", strconv.Itoa(pid), "-o", "args=").Output()
+	if err != nil {
+		slog.Debug("failed to inspect ollama process", "pid", pid, "err", err)
+		return false
+	}
+
+	return ollamaServeArgs(strings.Fields(strings.TrimSpace(string(output))))
+}
+
+// reapServers kills external ollama serve processes except our own.
+func reapServers() error {
+	// Get our own PID to avoid killing ourselves
+	currentPID := os.Getpid()
+
+	// Use pkill to kill ollama processes
+	// -x matches the whole command name exactly
+	// We'll get the list first, then kill selectively
+	cmd := exec.Command("pgrep", "-x", "ollama")
+	output, err := cmd.Output()
+	if err != nil {
+		// No ollama processes found
+		slog.Debug("no ollama processes found")
+		return nil //nolint:nilerr
+	}
+
+	pidsStr := strings.TrimSpace(string(output))
+	if pidsStr == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	pids := strings.Split(pidsStr, "\n")
+	for _, pidStr := range pids {
+		pidStr = strings.TrimSpace(pidStr)
+		if pidStr == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		pid, err := strconv.Atoi(pidStr)
+		if err != nil {
+			slog.Debug("failed to parse PID", "pidStr", pidStr, "err", err)
+			continue
+		}
+		if pid == currentPID {
+			continue
+		}
+		if !ollamaServeProcess(pid) {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		proc, err := os.FindProcess(pid)
+		if err != nil {
+			slog.Debug("failed to find process", "pid", pid, "err", err)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if err := proc.Signal(syscall.SIGTERM); err != nil {
+			// Try SIGKILL if SIGTERM fails
+			if err := proc.Signal(syscall.SIGKILL); err != nil {
+				slog.Warn("failed to stop external ollama process", "pid", pid, "err", err)
+				continue
+			}
+		}
+
+		slog.Info("stopped external ollama process", "pid", pid)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
--- a/app/server/server_windows.go
+++ b/app/server/server_windows.go
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+package server
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"log/slog"
+	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"syscall"
+
+	"golang.org/x/sys/windows"
+)
+
+var (
+	pidFile       = filepath.Join(os.Getenv("LOCALAPPDATA"), "Ollama", "ollama.pid")
+	serverLogPath = filepath.Join(os.Getenv("LOCALAPPDATA"), "Ollama", "server.log")
+)
+
+func commandContext(ctx context.Context, name string, arg ...string) *exec.Cmd {
+	cmd := exec.CommandContext(ctx, name, arg...)
+	cmd.SysProcAttr = &syscall.SysProcAttr{
+		HideWindow:    true,
+		CreationFlags: windows.CREATE_NEW_PROCESS_GROUP,
+	}
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func terminate(proc *os.Process) error {
+	dll, err := windows.LoadDLL("kernel32.dll")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer dll.Release()
+
+	pid := proc.Pid
+
+	f, err := dll.FindProc("AttachConsole")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	r1, _, err := f.Call(uintptr(pid))
+	if r1 == 0 && err != syscall.ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	f, err = dll.FindProc("SetConsoleCtrlHandler")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	r1, _, err = f.Call(0, 1)
+	if r1 == 0 {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	f, err = dll.FindProc("GenerateConsoleCtrlEvent")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	r1, _, err = f.Call(windows.CTRL_BREAK_EVENT, uintptr(pid))
+	if r1 == 0 {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	r1, _, err = f.Call(windows.CTRL_C_EVENT, uintptr(pid))
+	if r1 == 0 {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+const STILL_ACTIVE = 259
+
+func terminated(pid int) (bool, error) {
+	hProcess, err := windows.OpenProcess(windows.PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION, false, uint32(pid))
+	if err != nil {
+		if errno, ok := err.(windows.Errno); ok && errno == windows.ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER {
+			return true, nil
+		}
+		return false, fmt.Errorf("failed to open process: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer windows.CloseHandle(hProcess)
+
+	var exitCode uint32
+	err = windows.GetExitCodeProcess(hProcess, &exitCode)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, fmt.Errorf("failed to get exit code: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if exitCode == STILL_ACTIVE {
+		return false, nil
+	}
+
+	return true, nil
+}
+
+func ollamaServeProcess(pid int) bool {
+	cmd := exec.Command("wmic", "process", "where", fmt.Sprintf("ProcessId=%d", pid), "get", "CommandLine", "/value")
+	cmd.SysProcAttr = &syscall.SysProcAttr{HideWindow: true}
+	output, err := cmd.Output()
+	if err != nil {
+		slog.Debug("failed to inspect ollama process", "pid", pid, "err", err)
+		return false
+	}
+
+	for _, line := range strings.Split(string(output), "\n") {
+		line = strings.TrimSpace(line)
+		commandLine, ok := strings.CutPrefix(line, "CommandLine=")
+		if !ok {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		return ollamaServeArgs(strings.Fields(strings.ToLower(commandLine)))
+	}
+
+	return false
+}
+
+// reapServers kills external ollama serve processes except our own.
+func reapServers() error {
+	// Get current process ID to avoid killing ourselves
+	currentPID := os.Getpid()
+
+	// Use wmic to find ollama processes
+	cmd := exec.Command("wmic", "process", "where", "name='ollama.exe'", "get", "ProcessId")
+	cmd.SysProcAttr = &syscall.SysProcAttr{HideWindow: true}
+	output, err := cmd.Output()
+	if err != nil {
+		// No ollama processes found
+		slog.Debug("no ollama processes found")
+		return nil //nolint:nilerr
+	}
+
+	lines := strings.Split(string(output), "\n")
+	var pids []string
+	for _, line := range lines {
+		line = strings.TrimSpace(line)
+		if line == "" || line == "ProcessId" {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if _, err := strconv.Atoi(line); err == nil {
+			pids = append(pids, line)
+		}
+	}
+
+	for _, pidStr := range pids {
+		pid, err := strconv.Atoi(pidStr)
+		if err != nil {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if pid == currentPID {
+			continue
+		}
+		if !ollamaServeProcess(pid) {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		cmd := exec.Command("taskkill", "/F", "/PID", pidStr)
+		if err := cmd.Run(); err != nil {
+			slog.Warn("failed to kill ollama process", "pid", pid, "err", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
--- a/app/store/cloud_config.go
+++ b/app/store/cloud_config.go
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+//go:build windows || darwin
+
+package store
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/envconfig"
+)
+
+const serverConfigFilename = "server.json"
+
+type serverConfig struct {
+	DisableOllamaCloud bool `json:"disable_ollama_cloud,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// CloudDisabled returns whether cloud features should be disabled.
+// The source of truth is: OLLAMA_NO_CLOUD OR ~/.ollama/server.json:disable_ollama_cloud.
+func (s *Store) CloudDisabled() (bool, error) {
+	disabled, _, err := s.CloudStatus()
+	return disabled, err
+}
+
+// CloudStatus returns whether cloud is disabled and the source of that decision.
+// Source is one of: "none", "env", "config", "both".
+func (s *Store) CloudStatus() (bool, string, error) {
+	if err := s.ensureDB(); err != nil {
+		return false, "", err
+	}
+
+	configDisabled, err := readServerConfigCloudDisabled()
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, "", err
+	}
+
+	envDisabled := envconfig.NoCloudEnv()
+	return envDisabled || configDisabled, cloudStatusSource(envDisabled, configDisabled), nil
+}
+
+// SetCloudEnabled writes the cloud setting to ~/.ollama/server.json.
+func (s *Store) SetCloudEnabled(enabled bool) error {
+	if err := s.ensureDB(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return setCloudEnabled(enabled)
+}
+
+func setCloudEnabled(enabled bool) error {
+	configPath, err := serverConfigPath()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(configPath), 0o755); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("create server config directory: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	configMap := map[string]any{}
+	if data, err := os.ReadFile(configPath); err == nil {
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &configMap); err != nil {
+			// If the existing file is invalid JSON, overwrite with a fresh object.
+			configMap = map[string]any{}
+		}
+	} else if !errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("read server config: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	configMap["disable_ollama_cloud"] = !enabled
+
+	data, err := json.MarshalIndent(configMap, "", "  ")
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("marshal server config: %w", err)
+	}
+	data = append(data, '\n')
+
+	if err := os.WriteFile(configPath, data, 0o644); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("write server config: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func readServerConfigCloudDisabled() (bool, error) {
+	configPath, err := serverConfigPath()
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+
+	data, err := os.ReadFile(configPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
+			return false, nil
+		}
+		return false, fmt.Errorf("read server config: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	var cfg serverConfig
+	// Invalid or unexpected JSON should not block startup; treat as default.
+	if json.Unmarshal(data, &cfg) == nil {
+		return cfg.DisableOllamaCloud, nil
+	}
+	return false, nil
+}
+
+func serverConfigPath() (string, error) {
+	home, err := os.UserHomeDir()
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("resolve home directory: %w", err)
+	}
+	return filepath.Join(home, ".ollama", serverConfigFilename), nil
+}
+
+func cloudStatusSource(envDisabled bool, configDisabled bool) string {
+	switch {
+	case envDisabled && configDisabled:
+		return "both"
+	case envDisabled:
+		return "env"
+	case configDisabled:
+		return "config"
+	default:
+		return "none"
+	}
+}
--- a/app/store/cloud_config_test.go
+++ b/app/store/cloud_config_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+//go:build windows || darwin
+
+package store
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestCloudDisabled(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name          string
+		envValue      string
+		configContent string
+		wantDisabled  bool
+		wantSource    string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:         "default enabled",
+			wantDisabled: false,
+			wantSource:   "none",
+		},
+		{
+			name:         "env disables cloud",
+			envValue:     "1",
+			wantDisabled: true,
+			wantSource:   "env",
+		},
+		{
+			name:          "config disables cloud",
+			configContent: `{"disable_ollama_cloud": true}`,
+			wantDisabled:  true,
+			wantSource:    "config",
+		},
+		{
+			name:          "env and config",
+			envValue:      "1",
+			configContent: `{"disable_ollama_cloud": false}`,
+			wantDisabled:  true,
+			wantSource:    "env",
+		},
+		{
+			name:          "invalid config is ignored",
+			configContent: `{bad`,
+			wantDisabled:  false,
+			wantSource:    "none",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			tmpHome := t.TempDir()
+			setTestHome(t, tmpHome)
+			t.Setenv("OLLAMA_NO_CLOUD", tt.envValue)
+
+			if tt.configContent != "" {
+				configDir := filepath.Join(tmpHome, ".ollama")
+				if err := os.MkdirAll(configDir, 0o755); err != nil {
+					t.Fatalf("mkdir config dir: %v", err)
+				}
+				configPath := filepath.Join(configDir, serverConfigFilename)
+				if err := os.WriteFile(configPath, []byte(tt.configContent), 0o644); err != nil {
+					t.Fatalf("write config: %v", err)
+				}
+			}
+
+			s := &Store{DBPath: filepath.Join(tmpHome, "db.sqlite")}
+			defer s.Close()
+
+			disabled, err := s.CloudDisabled()
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("CloudDisabled() error = %v", err)
+			}
+			if disabled != tt.wantDisabled {
+				t.Fatalf("CloudDisabled() = %v, want %v", disabled, tt.wantDisabled)
+			}
+
+			statusDisabled, source, err := s.CloudStatus()
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("CloudStatus() error = %v", err)
+			}
+			if statusDisabled != tt.wantDisabled {
+				t.Fatalf("CloudStatus() disabled = %v, want %v", statusDisabled, tt.wantDisabled)
+			}
+			if source != tt.wantSource {
+				t.Fatalf("CloudStatus() source = %v, want %v", source, tt.wantSource)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSetCloudEnabled(t *testing.T) {
+	tmpHome := t.TempDir()
+	setTestHome(t, tmpHome)
+
+	configDir := filepath.Join(tmpHome, ".ollama")
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(configDir, 0o755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("mkdir config dir: %v", err)
+	}
+	configPath := filepath.Join(configDir, serverConfigFilename)
+	if err := os.WriteFile(configPath, []byte(`{"another_key":"value","disable_ollama_cloud":true}`), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("seed config: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	s := &Store{DBPath: filepath.Join(tmpHome, "db.sqlite")}
+	defer s.Close()
+
+	if err := s.SetCloudEnabled(true); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("SetCloudEnabled(true) error = %v", err)
+	}
+
+	data, err := os.ReadFile(configPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("read config: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	var got map[string]any
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &got); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unmarshal config: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if got["disable_ollama_cloud"] != false {
+		t.Fatalf("disable_ollama_cloud = %v, want false", got["disable_ollama_cloud"])
+	}
+	if got["another_key"] != "value" {
+		t.Fatalf("another_key = %v, want value", got["another_key"])
+	}
+}
--- a/app/store/database.go
+++ b/app/store/database.go
--- a/app/store/database_test.go
+++ b/app/store/database_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,483 @@
+//go:build windows || darwin
+
+package store
+
+import (
+	"database/sql"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/google/go-cmp/cmp"
+	_ "github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3"
+)
+
+func TestSchemaMigrations(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("schema comparison after migration", func(t *testing.T) {
+		tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+		migratedDBPath := filepath.Join(tmpDir, "migrated.db")
+		migratedDB := loadV2Schema(t, migratedDBPath)
+		defer migratedDB.Close()
+
+		if err := migratedDB.migrate(); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("migration failed: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		// Create fresh database with current schema
+		freshDBPath := filepath.Join(tmpDir, "fresh.db")
+		freshDB, err := newDatabase(freshDBPath)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("failed to create fresh database: %v", err)
+		}
+		defer freshDB.Close()
+
+		// Extract tables and indexes from both databases, directly comparing their schemas won't work due to ordering
+		migratedSchema := schemaMap(migratedDB)
+		freshSchema := schemaMap(freshDB)
+
+		if !cmp.Equal(migratedSchema, freshSchema) {
+			t.Errorf("Schema difference found:\n%s", cmp.Diff(freshSchema, migratedSchema))
+		}
+
+		// Verify both databases have the same final schema version
+		migratedVersion, _ := migratedDB.getSchemaVersion()
+		freshVersion, _ := freshDB.getSchemaVersion()
+		if migratedVersion != freshVersion {
+			t.Errorf("schema version mismatch: migrated=%d, fresh=%d", migratedVersion, freshVersion)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("idempotent migrations", func(t *testing.T) {
+		tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+		dbPath := filepath.Join(tmpDir, "test.db")
+		db := loadV2Schema(t, dbPath)
+		defer db.Close()
+
+		// Run migration twice
+		if err := db.migrate(); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("first migration failed: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		if err := db.migrate(); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("second migration failed: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		// Verify schema version is still correct
+		version, err := db.getSchemaVersion()
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("failed to get schema version: %v", err)
+		}
+		if version != currentSchemaVersion {
+			t.Errorf("expected schema version %d after double migration, got %d", currentSchemaVersion, version)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("init database has correct schema version", func(t *testing.T) {
+		tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+		dbPath := filepath.Join(tmpDir, "test.db")
+		db, err := newDatabase(dbPath)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("failed to create database: %v", err)
+		}
+		defer db.Close()
+
+		// Get the schema version from the newly initialized database
+		version, err := db.getSchemaVersion()
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("failed to get schema version: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		// Verify it matches the currentSchemaVersion constant
+		if version != currentSchemaVersion {
+			t.Errorf("expected schema version %d in initialized database, got %d", currentSchemaVersion, version)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func TestMigrationV13ToV14ContextLength(t *testing.T) {
+	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+	dbPath := filepath.Join(tmpDir, "test.db")
+
+	db, err := newDatabase(dbPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to create database: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	_, err = db.conn.Exec("UPDATE settings SET context_length = 4096, schema_version = 13")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to seed v13 settings row: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := db.migrate(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("migration from v13 to v14 failed: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	var contextLength int
+	if err := db.conn.QueryRow("SELECT context_length FROM settings").Scan(&contextLength); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to read context_length: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if contextLength != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected context_length to migrate to 0, got %d", contextLength)
+	}
+
+	version, err := db.getSchemaVersion()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to get schema version: %v", err)
+	}
+	if version != currentSchemaVersion {
+		t.Fatalf("expected schema version %d, got %d", currentSchemaVersion, version)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMigrationV15ToV16LastHomeViewDefaultsToLaunch(t *testing.T) {
+	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+	dbPath := filepath.Join(tmpDir, "test.db")
+
+	db, err := newDatabase(dbPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to create database: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	if _, err := db.conn.Exec(`
+		ALTER TABLE settings DROP COLUMN last_home_view;
+		UPDATE settings SET schema_version = 15;
+	`); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to seed v15 settings row: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := db.migrate(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("migration from v15 to v16 failed: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	var lastHomeView string
+	if err := db.conn.QueryRow("SELECT last_home_view FROM settings").Scan(&lastHomeView); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to read last_home_view: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if lastHomeView != "launch" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected last_home_view to default to launch after migration, got %q", lastHomeView)
+	}
+
+	version, err := db.getSchemaVersion()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to get schema version: %v", err)
+	}
+	if version != currentSchemaVersion {
+		t.Fatalf("expected schema version %d, got %d", currentSchemaVersion, version)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestChatDeletionWithCascade(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("chat deletion cascades to related messages", func(t *testing.T) {
+		tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+		dbPath := filepath.Join(tmpDir, "test.db")
+		db, err := newDatabase(dbPath)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("failed to create database: %v", err)
+		}
+		defer db.Close()
+
+		// Create test chat
+		testChatID := "test-chat-cascade-123"
+		testChat := Chat{
+			ID:        testChatID,
+			Title:     "Test Chat for Cascade Delete",
+			CreatedAt: time.Now(),
+			Messages: []Message{
+				{
+					Role:      "user",
+					Content:   "Hello, this is a test message",
+					CreatedAt: time.Now(),
+					UpdatedAt: time.Now(),
+				},
+				{
+					Role:      "assistant",
+					Content:   "Hi there! This is a response.",
+					CreatedAt: time.Now(),
+					UpdatedAt: time.Now(),
+				},
+			},
+		}
+
+		// Save the chat with messages
+		if err := db.saveChat(testChat); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("failed to save test chat: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		// Verify chat and messages exist
+		chatCount := countRows(t, db, "chats")
+		messageCount := countRows(t, db, "messages")
+
+		if chatCount != 1 {
+			t.Errorf("expected 1 chat, got %d", chatCount)
+		}
+		if messageCount != 2 {
+			t.Errorf("expected 2 messages, got %d", messageCount)
+		}
+
+		// Verify specific chat exists
+		var exists bool
+		err = db.conn.QueryRow("SELECT EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM chats WHERE id = ?)", testChatID).Scan(&exists)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("failed to check chat existence: %v", err)
+		}
+		if !exists {
+			t.Error("test chat should exist before deletion")
+		}
+
+		// Verify messages exist for this chat
+		messageCountForChat := countRowsWithCondition(t, db, "messages", "chat_id = ?", testChatID)
+		if messageCountForChat != 2 {
+			t.Errorf("expected 2 messages for test chat, got %d", messageCountForChat)
+		}
+
+		// Delete the chat
+		if err := db.deleteChat(testChatID); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("failed to delete chat: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		// Verify chat is deleted
+		chatCountAfter := countRows(t, db, "chats")
+		if chatCountAfter != 0 {
+			t.Errorf("expected 0 chats after deletion, got %d", chatCountAfter)
+		}
+
+		// Verify messages are CASCADE deleted
+		messageCountAfter := countRows(t, db, "messages")
+		if messageCountAfter != 0 {
+			t.Errorf("expected 0 messages after CASCADE deletion, got %d", messageCountAfter)
+		}
+
+		// Verify specific chat no longer exists
+		err = db.conn.QueryRow("SELECT EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM chats WHERE id = ?)", testChatID).Scan(&exists)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("failed to check chat existence after deletion: %v", err)
+		}
+		if exists {
+			t.Error("test chat should not exist after deletion")
+		}
+
+		// Verify no orphaned messages remain
+		orphanedCount := countRowsWithCondition(t, db, "messages", "chat_id = ?", testChatID)
+		if orphanedCount != 0 {
+			t.Errorf("expected 0 orphaned messages, got %d", orphanedCount)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("foreign keys are enabled", func(t *testing.T) {
+		tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+		dbPath := filepath.Join(tmpDir, "test.db")
+		db, err := newDatabase(dbPath)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("failed to create database: %v", err)
+		}
+		defer db.Close()
+
+		// Verify foreign keys are enabled
+		var foreignKeysEnabled int
+		err = db.conn.QueryRow("PRAGMA foreign_keys").Scan(&foreignKeysEnabled)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("failed to check foreign keys: %v", err)
+		}
+		if foreignKeysEnabled != 1 {
+			t.Errorf("expected foreign keys to be enabled (1), got %d", foreignKeysEnabled)
+		}
+	})
+
+	// This test is only relevant for v8 migrations, but we keep it here for now
+	// since it's a useful test to ensure that we don't introduce any new orphaned data
+	t.Run("cleanup orphaned data", func(t *testing.T) {
+		tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+		dbPath := filepath.Join(tmpDir, "test.db")
+		db, err := newDatabase(dbPath)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("failed to create database: %v", err)
+		}
+		defer db.Close()
+
+		// First disable foreign keys to simulate the bug from ollama/ollama#11785
+		_, err = db.conn.Exec("PRAGMA foreign_keys = OFF")
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("failed to disable foreign keys: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		// Create a chat and message
+		testChatID := "orphaned-test-chat"
+		testMessageID := int64(999)
+
+		_, err = db.conn.Exec("INSERT INTO chats (id, title) VALUES (?, ?)", testChatID, "Orphaned Test Chat")
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("failed to insert test chat: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		_, err = db.conn.Exec("INSERT INTO messages (id, chat_id, role, content) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)",
+			testMessageID, testChatID, "user", "test message")
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("failed to insert test message: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		// Delete chat but keep message (simulating the bug from ollama/ollama#11785)
+		_, err = db.conn.Exec("DELETE FROM chats WHERE id = ?", testChatID)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("failed to delete chat: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		// Verify we have orphaned message
+		orphanedCount := countRowsWithCondition(t, db, "messages", "chat_id = ?", testChatID)
+		if orphanedCount != 1 {
+			t.Errorf("expected 1 orphaned message, got %d", orphanedCount)
+		}
+
+		// Run cleanup
+		if err := db.cleanupOrphanedData(); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("failed to cleanup orphaned data: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		// Verify orphaned message is gone
+		orphanedCountAfter := countRowsWithCondition(t, db, "messages", "chat_id = ?", testChatID)
+		if orphanedCountAfter != 0 {
+			t.Errorf("expected 0 orphaned messages after cleanup, got %d", orphanedCountAfter)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func countRows(t *testing.T, db *database, table string) int {
+	t.Helper()
+	var count int
+	err := db.conn.QueryRow(fmt.Sprintf("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM %s", table)).Scan(&count)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to count rows in %s: %v", table, err)
+	}
+	return count
+}
+
+func countRowsWithCondition(t *testing.T, db *database, table, condition string, args ...interface{}) int {
+	t.Helper()
+	var count int
+	query := fmt.Sprintf("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM %s WHERE %s", table, condition)
+	err := db.conn.QueryRow(query, args...).Scan(&count)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to count rows with condition: %v", err)
+	}
+	return count
+}
+
+// Test helpers for schema migration testing
+
+// schemaMap returns both tables/columns and indexes (ignoring order)
+func schemaMap(db *database) map[string]interface{} {
+	result := make(map[string]any)
+
+	result["tables"] = columnMap(db)
+	result["indexes"] = indexMap(db)
+
+	return result
+}
+
+// columnMap returns a map of table names to their column sets (ignoring order)
+func columnMap(db *database) map[string][]string {
+	result := make(map[string][]string)
+
+	// Get all table names
+	tableQuery := `SELECT name FROM sqlite_master WHERE type='table' AND name NOT LIKE 'sqlite_%' ORDER BY name`
+	rows, _ := db.conn.Query(tableQuery)
+	defer rows.Close()
+
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var tableName string
+		rows.Scan(&tableName)
+
+		// Get columns for this table
+		colQuery := fmt.Sprintf("PRAGMA table_info(%s)", tableName)
+		colRows, _ := db.conn.Query(colQuery)
+
+		var columns []string
+		for colRows.Next() {
+			var cid int
+			var name, dataType sql.NullString
+			var notNull, primaryKey int
+			var defaultValue sql.NullString
+
+			colRows.Scan(&cid, &name, &dataType, &notNull, &defaultValue, &primaryKey)
+
+			// Create a normalized column description
+			colDesc := fmt.Sprintf("%s %s", name.String, dataType.String)
+			if notNull == 1 {
+				colDesc += " NOT NULL"
+			}
+			if defaultValue.Valid && defaultValue.String != "" {
+				// Skip DEFAULT for schema_version as it doesn't get updated during migrations
+				if name.String != "schema_version" {
+					colDesc += " DEFAULT " + defaultValue.String
+				}
+			}
+			if primaryKey == 1 {
+				colDesc += " PRIMARY KEY"
+			}
+
+			columns = append(columns, colDesc)
+		}
+		colRows.Close()
+
+		// Sort columns to ignore order differences
+		sort.Strings(columns)
+		result[tableName] = columns
+	}
+
+	return result
+}
+
+// indexMap returns a map of index names to their definitions
+func indexMap(db *database) map[string]string {
+	result := make(map[string]string)
+
+	// Get all indexes (excluding auto-created primary key indexes)
+	indexQuery := `SELECT name, sql FROM sqlite_master WHERE type='index' AND name NOT LIKE 'sqlite_%' AND sql IS NOT NULL ORDER BY name`
+	rows, _ := db.conn.Query(indexQuery)
+	defer rows.Close()
+
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var name, sql string
+		rows.Scan(&name, &sql)
+
+		// Normalize the SQL by removing extra whitespace
+		sql = strings.Join(strings.Fields(sql), " ")
+		result[name] = sql
+	}
+
+	return result
+}
+
+// loadV2Schema loads the version 2 schema from testdata/schema.sql
+func loadV2Schema(t *testing.T, dbPath string) *database {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	// Read the v1 schema file
+	schemaFile := filepath.Join("testdata", "schema.sql")
+	schemaSQL, err := os.ReadFile(schemaFile)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to read schema file: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Open database connection
+	conn, err := sql.Open("sqlite3", dbPath+"?_foreign_keys=on&_journal_mode=WAL&_busy_timeout=5000&_txlock=immediate")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to open database: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Execute the v1 schema
+	_, err = conn.Exec(string(schemaSQL))
+	if err != nil {
+		conn.Close()
+		t.Fatalf("failed to execute v1 schema: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	return &database{conn: conn}
+}
--- a/app/store/image.go
+++ b/app/store/image.go
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+//go:build windows || darwin
+
+package store
+
+import (
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+type Image struct {
+	Filename string `json:"filename"`
+	Path     string `json:"path"`
+	Size     int64  `json:"size,omitempty"`
+	MimeType string `json:"mime_type,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// Bytes loads image data from disk for a given ImageData reference
+func (i *Image) Bytes() ([]byte, error) {
+	return ImgBytes(i.Path)
+}
+
+// ImgBytes reads image data from the specified file path
+func ImgBytes(path string) ([]byte, error) {
+	if path == "" {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("empty image path")
+	}
+
+	data, err := os.ReadFile(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("read image file %s: %w", path, err)
+	}
+
+	return data, nil
+}
+
+// ImgDir returns the directory path for storing images for a specific chat
+func (s *Store) ImgDir() string {
+	dbPath := s.DBPath
+	if dbPath == "" {
+		dbPath = defaultDBPath
+	}
+	storeDir := filepath.Dir(dbPath)
+	return filepath.Join(storeDir, "cache", "images")
+}
+
+// ImgToFile saves image data to disk and returns ImageData reference
+func (s *Store) ImgToFile(chatID string, imageBytes []byte, filename, mimeType string) (Image, error) {
+	baseImageDir := s.ImgDir()
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(baseImageDir, 0o755); err != nil {
+		return Image{}, fmt.Errorf("create base image directory: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Root prevents path traversal issues
+	root, err := os.OpenRoot(baseImageDir)
+	if err != nil {
+		return Image{}, fmt.Errorf("open image root directory: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer root.Close()
+
+	// Create chat-specific subdirectory within the root
+	chatDir := sanitize(chatID)
+	if err := root.Mkdir(chatDir, 0o755); err != nil && !os.IsExist(err) {
+		return Image{}, fmt.Errorf("create chat directory: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Generate a unique filename to avoid conflicts
+	// Use hash of content + original filename for uniqueness
+	hash := sha256.Sum256(imageBytes)
+	hashStr := hex.EncodeToString(hash[:])[:16] // Use first 16 chars of hash
+
+	// Extract file extension from original filename or mime type
+	ext := filepath.Ext(filename)
+	if ext == "" {
+		switch mimeType {
+		case "image/jpeg":
+			ext = ".jpg"
+		case "image/png":
+			ext = ".png"
+		case "image/webp":
+			ext = ".webp"
+		default:
+			ext = ".img"
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Create unique filename: hash + original name + extension
+	baseFilename := sanitize(strings.TrimSuffix(filename, ext))
+	uniqueFilename := fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s%s", hashStr, baseFilename, ext)
+	relativePath := filepath.Join(chatDir, uniqueFilename)
+	file, err := root.Create(relativePath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return Image{}, fmt.Errorf("create image file: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer file.Close()
+
+	if _, err := file.Write(imageBytes); err != nil {
+		return Image{}, fmt.Errorf("write image data: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return Image{
+		Filename: uniqueFilename,
+		Path:     filepath.Join(baseImageDir, relativePath),
+		Size:     int64(len(imageBytes)),
+		MimeType: mimeType,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// sanitize removes unsafe characters from filenames
+func sanitize(filename string) string {
+	// Convert to safe characters only
+	safe := strings.Map(func(r rune) rune {
+		if (r >= 'a' && r <= 'z') || (r >= 'A' && r <= 'Z') || (r >= '0' && r <= '9') || r == '-' {
+			return r
+		}
+		return '_'
+	}, filename)
+
+	// Clean up and validate
+	safe = strings.Trim(safe, "_")
+	if safe == "" {
+		return "image"
+	}
+	return safe
+}
--- a/app/store/migration_test.go
+++ b/app/store/migration_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,290 @@
+//go:build windows || darwin
+
+package store
+
+import (
+	"database/sql"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestConfigMigration(t *testing.T) {
+	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+	// Create a legacy config.json
+	legacyConfig := legacyData{
+		ID:           "test-device-id-12345",
+		FirstTimeRun: true, // In old system, true meant "has completed first run"
+	}
+
+	configData, err := json.MarshalIndent(legacyConfig, "", "  ")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	configPath := filepath.Join(tmpDir, "config.json")
+	if err := os.WriteFile(configPath, configData, 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	// Override the legacy config path for testing
+	oldLegacyConfigPath := legacyConfigPath
+	legacyConfigPath = configPath
+	defer func() { legacyConfigPath = oldLegacyConfigPath }()
+
+	// Create store with database in same directory
+	s := Store{DBPath: filepath.Join(tmpDir, "db.sqlite")}
+	defer s.Close()
+
+	// First access should trigger migration
+	id, err := s.ID()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to get ID: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if id != "test-device-id-12345" {
+		t.Errorf("expected migrated ID 'test-device-id-12345', got '%s'", id)
+	}
+
+	// Check HasCompletedFirstRun
+	hasCompleted, err := s.HasCompletedFirstRun()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to get has completed first run: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if !hasCompleted {
+		t.Error("expected has completed first run to be true after migration")
+	}
+
+	// Verify migration is marked as complete
+	migrated, err := s.db.isConfigMigrated()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to check migration status: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if !migrated {
+		t.Error("expected config to be marked as migrated")
+	}
+
+	// Create a new store instance to verify migration doesn't run again
+	s2 := Store{DBPath: filepath.Join(tmpDir, "db.sqlite")}
+	defer s2.Close()
+
+	// Delete the config file to ensure we're not reading from it
+	os.Remove(configPath)
+
+	// Verify data is still there
+	id2, err := s2.ID()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to get ID from second store: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if id2 != "test-device-id-12345" {
+		t.Errorf("expected persisted ID 'test-device-id-12345', got '%s'", id2)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNoConfigToMigrate(t *testing.T) {
+	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+	// Override the legacy config path for testing
+	oldLegacyConfigPath := legacyConfigPath
+	legacyConfigPath = filepath.Join(tmpDir, "config.json")
+	defer func() { legacyConfigPath = oldLegacyConfigPath }()
+
+	// Create store without any config.json
+	s := Store{DBPath: filepath.Join(tmpDir, "db.sqlite")}
+	defer s.Close()
+
+	// Should generate a new ID
+	id, err := s.ID()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to get ID: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if id == "" {
+		t.Error("expected auto-generated ID, got empty string")
+	}
+
+	// HasCompletedFirstRun should be false (default)
+	hasCompleted, err := s.HasCompletedFirstRun()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to get has completed first run: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if hasCompleted {
+		t.Error("expected has completed first run to be false by default")
+	}
+
+	// Migration should still be marked as complete
+	migrated, err := s.db.isConfigMigrated()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to check migration status: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if !migrated {
+		t.Error("expected config to be marked as migrated even with no config.json")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCloudMigrationFromAirplaneMode(t *testing.T) {
+	tmpHome := t.TempDir()
+	setTestHome(t, tmpHome)
+	t.Setenv("OLLAMA_NO_CLOUD", "")
+
+	dbPath := filepath.Join(tmpHome, "db.sqlite")
+	db, err := newDatabase(dbPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to create database: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if _, err := db.conn.Exec("UPDATE settings SET airplane_mode = 1, cloud_setting_migrated = 0"); err != nil {
+		db.Close()
+		t.Fatalf("failed to seed airplane migration state: %v", err)
+	}
+	db.Close()
+
+	s := Store{DBPath: dbPath}
+	defer s.Close()
+
+	// Trigger DB initialization + one-time cloud migration.
+	if _, err := s.ID(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to initialize store: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	disabled, err := s.CloudDisabled()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("CloudDisabled() error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if !disabled {
+		t.Fatal("expected cloud to be disabled after migrating airplane_mode=true")
+	}
+
+	configPath := filepath.Join(tmpHome, ".ollama", serverConfigFilename)
+	data, err := os.ReadFile(configPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to read migrated server config: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	var cfg map[string]any
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &cfg); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to parse migrated server config: %v", err)
+	}
+	if cfg["disable_ollama_cloud"] != true {
+		t.Fatalf("disable_ollama_cloud = %v, want true", cfg["disable_ollama_cloud"])
+	}
+
+	var airplaneMode, migrated bool
+	if err := s.db.conn.QueryRow("SELECT airplane_mode, cloud_setting_migrated FROM settings").Scan(&airplaneMode, &migrated); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to read migration flags from DB: %v", err)
+	}
+	if !airplaneMode {
+		t.Fatal("expected legacy airplane_mode value to remain unchanged")
+	}
+	if !migrated {
+		t.Fatal("expected cloud_setting_migrated to be true")
+	}
+}
+
+const (
+	v1Schema = `
+	CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS settings (
+		id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY CHECK (id = 1),
+		device_id TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+		has_completed_first_run BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+		expose BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+		browser BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+		models TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+		remote TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+		agent BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+		tools BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+		working_dir TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+		window_width INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+		window_height INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+		config_migrated BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+		schema_version INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 1
+	);
+
+	-- Insert default settings row if it doesn't exist
+	INSERT OR IGNORE INTO settings (id) VALUES (1);
+
+	CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS chats (
+		id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+		title TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+		created_at TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
+	);
+
+	CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS messages (
+		id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
+		chat_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+		role TEXT NOT NULL,
+		content TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+		thinking TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+		stream BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+		model_name TEXT,
+		model_cloud BOOLEAN,
+		model_ollama_host BOOLEAN,
+		created_at TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+		updated_at TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+		thinking_time_start TIMESTAMP,
+		thinking_time_end TIMESTAMP,
+		FOREIGN KEY (chat_id) REFERENCES chats(id) ON DELETE CASCADE
+	);
+
+	CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_messages_chat_id ON messages(chat_id);
+
+	CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS tool_calls (
+		id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
+		message_id INTEGER NOT NULL,
+		type TEXT NOT NULL,
+		function_name TEXT NOT NULL,
+		function_arguments TEXT NOT NULL,
+		function_result TEXT,
+		FOREIGN KEY (message_id) REFERENCES messages(id) ON DELETE CASCADE
+	);
+
+	CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_tool_calls_message_id ON tool_calls(message_id);
+	`
+)
+
+func TestMigrationFromEpoc(t *testing.T) {
+	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+	s := Store{DBPath: filepath.Join(tmpDir, "db.sqlite")}
+	defer s.Close()
+	// Open database connection
+	conn, err := sql.Open("sqlite3", s.DBPath+"?_foreign_keys=on&_journal_mode=WAL")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	// Test the connection
+	if err := conn.Ping(); err != nil {
+		conn.Close()
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	s.db = &database{conn: conn}
+	t.Logf("DB created: %s", s.DBPath)
+	_, err = s.db.conn.Exec(v1Schema)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	version, err := s.db.getSchemaVersion()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to get schema version: %v", err)
+	}
+	if version != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected: %d\n got: %d", 1, version)
+	}
+
+	t.Logf("v1 schema created")
+	if err := s.db.migrate(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	t.Logf("migrations completed")
+	version, err = s.db.getSchemaVersion()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to get schema version: %v", err)
+	}
+	if version != currentSchemaVersion {
+		t.Fatalf("expected: %d\n got: %d", currentSchemaVersion, version)
+	}
+}
--- a/app/store/schema.sql
+++ b/app/store/schema.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+-- This is the version 2 schema for the app database, the first released schema to users.
+-- Do not modify this file. It is used to test that the database schema stays in a consistent state between schema migrations.
+
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS settings (
+    id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY CHECK (id = 1),
+    device_id TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+    has_completed_first_run BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+    expose BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+    survey BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT TRUE,
+    browser BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+    models TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+    remote TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+    agent BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+    tools BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+    working_dir TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+    context_length INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 4096,
+    window_width INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+    window_height INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+    config_migrated BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+    schema_version INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 2
+);
+
+-- Insert default settings row if it doesn't exist
+INSERT OR IGNORE INTO settings (id) VALUES (1);
+
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS chats (
+    id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+    title TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+    created_at TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
+);
+
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS messages (
+    id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
+    chat_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    role TEXT NOT NULL,
+    content TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+    thinking TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+    stream BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+    model_name TEXT,
+    model_cloud BOOLEAN,
+    model_ollama_host BOOLEAN,
+    created_at TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+    updated_at TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+    thinking_time_start TIMESTAMP,
+    thinking_time_end TIMESTAMP,
+    FOREIGN KEY (chat_id) REFERENCES chats(id) ON DELETE CASCADE
+);
+
+CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_messages_chat_id ON messages(chat_id);
+
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS tool_calls (
+    id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
+    message_id INTEGER NOT NULL,
+    type TEXT NOT NULL,
+    function_name TEXT NOT NULL,
+    function_arguments TEXT NOT NULL,
+    function_result TEXT,
+    FOREIGN KEY (message_id) REFERENCES messages(id) ON DELETE CASCADE
+);
+
+CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_tool_calls_message_id ON tool_calls(message_id);
--- a/app/store/schema_test.go
+++ b/app/store/schema_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+//go:build windows || darwin
+
+package store
+
+import (
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestSchemaVersioning(t *testing.T) {
+	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+	// Override legacy config path to avoid migration logs
+	oldLegacyConfigPath := legacyConfigPath
+	legacyConfigPath = filepath.Join(tmpDir, "config.json")
+	defer func() { legacyConfigPath = oldLegacyConfigPath }()
+
+	t.Run("new database has correct schema version", func(t *testing.T) {
+		dbPath := filepath.Join(tmpDir, "new_db.sqlite")
+		db, err := newDatabase(dbPath)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("failed to create database: %v", err)
+		}
+		defer db.Close()
+
+		// Check schema version
+		version, err := db.getSchemaVersion()
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("failed to get schema version: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		if version != currentSchemaVersion {
+			t.Errorf("expected schema version %d, got %d", currentSchemaVersion, version)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("can update schema version", func(t *testing.T) {
+		dbPath := filepath.Join(tmpDir, "update_db.sqlite")
+		db, err := newDatabase(dbPath)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("failed to create database: %v", err)
+		}
+		defer db.Close()
+
+		// Set a different version
+		testVersion := 42
+		if err := db.setSchemaVersion(testVersion); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("failed to set schema version: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		// Verify it was updated
+		version, err := db.getSchemaVersion()
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("failed to get schema version: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		if version != testVersion {
+			t.Errorf("expected schema version %d, got %d", testVersion, version)
+		}
+	})
+}
--- a/app/store/store.go
+++ b/app/store/store.go
@@ -0,0 +1,536 @@
+//go:build windows || darwin
+
+// Package store provides a simple JSON file store for the desktop application
+// to save and load data such as ollama server configuration, messages,
+// login information and more.
+package store
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"log/slog"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"runtime"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/app/types/not"
+)
+
+type File struct {
+	Filename string `json:"filename"`
+	Data     []byte `json:"data"`
+}
+
+type User struct {
+	Name     string    `json:"name"`
+	Email    string    `json:"email"`
+	Plan     string    `json:"plan"`
+	CachedAt time.Time `json:"cachedAt"`
+}
+
+type Message struct {
+	Role              string           `json:"role"`
+	Content           string           `json:"content"`
+	Thinking          string           `json:"thinking"`
+	Stream            bool             `json:"stream"`
+	Model             string           `json:"model,omitempty"`
+	Attachments       []File           `json:"attachments,omitempty"`
+	ToolCalls         []ToolCall       `json:"tool_calls,omitempty"`
+	ToolCall          *ToolCall        `json:"tool_call,omitempty"`
+	ToolName          string           `json:"tool_name,omitempty"`
+	ToolResult        *json.RawMessage `json:"tool_result,omitempty"`
+	CreatedAt         time.Time        `json:"created_at"`
+	UpdatedAt         time.Time        `json:"updated_at"`
+	ThinkingTimeStart *time.Time       `json:"thinkingTimeStart,omitempty" ts_type:"Date | undefined" ts_transform:"__VALUE__ && new Date(__VALUE__)"`
+	ThinkingTimeEnd   *time.Time       `json:"thinkingTimeEnd,omitempty" ts_type:"Date | undefined" ts_transform:"__VALUE__ && new Date(__VALUE__)"`
+}
+
+// MessageOptions contains optional parameters for creating a Message
+type MessageOptions struct {
+	Model             string
+	Attachments       []File
+	Stream            bool
+	Thinking          string
+	ToolCalls         []ToolCall
+	ToolCall          *ToolCall
+	ToolResult        *json.RawMessage
+	ThinkingTimeStart *time.Time
+	ThinkingTimeEnd   *time.Time
+}
+
+// NewMessage creates a new Message with the given options
+func NewMessage(role, content string, opts *MessageOptions) Message {
+	now := time.Now()
+	msg := Message{
+		Role:      role,
+		Content:   content,
+		CreatedAt: now,
+		UpdatedAt: now,
+	}
+
+	if opts != nil {
+		msg.Model = opts.Model
+		msg.Attachments = opts.Attachments
+		msg.Stream = opts.Stream
+		msg.Thinking = opts.Thinking
+		msg.ToolCalls = opts.ToolCalls
+		msg.ToolCall = opts.ToolCall
+		msg.ToolResult = opts.ToolResult
+		msg.ThinkingTimeStart = opts.ThinkingTimeStart
+		msg.ThinkingTimeEnd = opts.ThinkingTimeEnd
+	}
+
+	return msg
+}
+
+type ToolCall struct {
+	Type     string       `json:"type"`
+	Function ToolFunction `json:"function"`
+}
+
+type ToolFunction struct {
+	Name      string `json:"name"`
+	Arguments string `json:"arguments"`
+	Result    any    `json:"result,omitempty"`
+}
+
+type Model struct {
+	Model      string     `json:"model"`                 // Model name
+	Digest     string     `json:"digest,omitempty"`      // Model digest from the registry
+	ModifiedAt *time.Time `json:"modified_at,omitempty"` // When the model was last modified locally
+}
+
+type Chat struct {
+	ID           string          `json:"id"`
+	Messages     []Message       `json:"messages"`
+	Title        string          `json:"title"`
+	CreatedAt    time.Time       `json:"created_at"`
+	BrowserState json.RawMessage `json:"browser_state,omitempty" ts_type:"BrowserStateData"`
+}
+
+// NewChat creates a new Chat with the ID, with CreatedAt timestamp initialized
+func NewChat(id string) *Chat {
+	return &Chat{
+		ID:        id,
+		Messages:  []Message{},
+		CreatedAt: time.Now(),
+	}
+}
+
+type Settings struct {
+	// Expose is a boolean that indicates if the ollama server should
+	// be exposed to the network
+	Expose bool
+
+	// Browser is a boolean that indicates if the ollama server should
+	// be exposed to browser windows (e.g. CORS set to allow all origins)
+	Browser bool
+
+	// Survey is a boolean that indicates if the user allows anonymous
+	// inference information to be shared with Ollama
+	Survey bool
+
+	// Models is a string that contains the models to load on startup
+	Models string
+
+	// TODO(parthsareen): temporary for experimentation
+	// Agent indicates if the app should use multi-turn tools to fulfill user requests
+	Agent bool
+
+	// Tools indicates if the app should use single-turn tools to fulfill user requests
+	Tools bool
+
+	// WorkingDir specifies the working directory for all agent operations
+	WorkingDir string
+
+	// ContextLength specifies the context length for the ollama server (using OLLAMA_CONTEXT_LENGTH)
+	ContextLength int
+
+	// TurboEnabled indicates if Ollama Turbo features are enabled
+	TurboEnabled bool
+
+	// Maps gpt-oss specific frontend name' BrowserToolEnabled' to db field 'websearch_enabled'
+	WebSearchEnabled bool
+
+	// ThinkEnabled indicates if thinking is enabled
+	ThinkEnabled bool
+
+	// ThinkLevel indicates the level of thinking to use for models that support multiple levels
+	ThinkLevel string
+
+	// SelectedModel stores the last model that the user selected
+	SelectedModel string
+
+	// SidebarOpen indicates if the chat sidebar is open
+	SidebarOpen bool
+
+	// LastHomeView stores the preferred home route target ("chat" or integration name)
+	LastHomeView string
+
+	// AutoUpdateEnabled indicates if automatic updates should be downloaded
+	AutoUpdateEnabled bool
+}
+
+type Store struct {
+	// DBPath allows overriding the default database path (mainly for testing)
+	DBPath string
+
+	// dbMu protects database initialization only
+	dbMu sync.Mutex
+	db   *database
+}
+
+var defaultDBPath = func() string {
+	switch runtime.GOOS {
+	case "windows":
+		return filepath.Join(os.Getenv("LOCALAPPDATA"), "Ollama", "db.sqlite")
+	case "darwin":
+		return filepath.Join(os.Getenv("HOME"), "Library", "Application Support", "Ollama", "db.sqlite")
+	default:
+		return filepath.Join(os.Getenv("HOME"), ".ollama", "db.sqlite")
+	}
+}()
+
+// legacyConfigPath is the path to the old config.json file
+var legacyConfigPath = func() string {
+	switch runtime.GOOS {
+	case "windows":
+		return filepath.Join(os.Getenv("LOCALAPPDATA"), "Ollama", "config.json")
+	case "darwin":
+		return filepath.Join(os.Getenv("HOME"), "Library", "Application Support", "Ollama", "config.json")
+	default:
+		return filepath.Join(os.Getenv("HOME"), ".ollama", "config.json")
+	}
+}()
+
+// legacyData represents the old config.json structure (only fields we need to migrate)
+type legacyData struct {
+	ID           string `json:"id"`
+	FirstTimeRun bool   `json:"first-time-run"`
+}
+
+func (s *Store) ensureDB() error {
+	// Fast path: check if db is already initialized
+	if s.db != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Slow path: initialize database with lock
+	s.dbMu.Lock()
+	defer s.dbMu.Unlock()
+
+	// Double-check after acquiring lock
+	if s.db != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	dbPath := s.DBPath
+	if dbPath == "" {
+		dbPath = defaultDBPath
+	}
+
+	// Ensure directory exists
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(dbPath), 0o755); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("create db directory: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	database, err := newDatabase(dbPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("open database: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Generate device ID if needed
+	id, err := database.getID()
+	if err != nil || id == "" {
+		// Generate new UUID for device
+		u, err := uuid.NewV7()
+		if err == nil {
+			database.setID(u.String())
+		}
+	}
+
+	s.db = database
+
+	// Check if we need to migrate from config.json
+	migrated, err := database.isConfigMigrated()
+	if err != nil || !migrated {
+		if err := s.migrateFromConfig(database); err != nil {
+			slog.Warn("failed to migrate from config.json", "error", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Run one-time migration from legacy airplane_mode behavior.
+	if err := s.migrateCloudSetting(database); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("migrate cloud setting: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// migrateCloudSetting migrates legacy airplane_mode into server.json exactly once.
+// After this, cloud state is sourced from server.json OR OLLAMA_NO_CLOUD.
+func (s *Store) migrateCloudSetting(database *database) error {
+	migrated, err := database.isCloudSettingMigrated()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if migrated {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	airplaneMode, err := database.getAirplaneMode()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if airplaneMode {
+		if err := setCloudEnabled(false); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("migrate airplane_mode to cloud disabled: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if err := database.setCloudSettingMigrated(true); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// migrateFromConfig attempts to migrate ID and FirstTimeRun from config.json
+func (s *Store) migrateFromConfig(database *database) error {
+	configPath := legacyConfigPath
+
+	// Check if config.json exists
+	if _, err := os.Stat(configPath); os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		// No config to migrate, mark as migrated
+		return database.setConfigMigrated(true)
+	}
+
+	// Read the config file
+	b, err := os.ReadFile(configPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("read legacy config: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	var legacy legacyData
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(b, &legacy); err != nil {
+		// If we can't parse it, just mark as migrated and move on
+		slog.Warn("failed to parse legacy config.json", "error", err)
+		return database.setConfigMigrated(true)
+	}
+
+	// Migrate the ID if present
+	if legacy.ID != "" {
+		if err := database.setID(legacy.ID); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("migrate device ID: %w", err)
+		}
+		slog.Info("migrated device ID from config.json")
+	}
+
+	hasCompleted := legacy.FirstTimeRun // If old FirstTimeRun is true, it means first run was completed
+	if err := database.setHasCompletedFirstRun(hasCompleted); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("migrate first time run: %w", err)
+	}
+	slog.Info("migrated first run status from config.json", "hasCompleted", hasCompleted)
+
+	// Mark as migrated
+	if err := database.setConfigMigrated(true); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("mark config as migrated: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	slog.Info("successfully migrated settings from config.json")
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *Store) ID() (string, error) {
+	if err := s.ensureDB(); err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+
+	return s.db.getID()
+}
+
+func (s *Store) HasCompletedFirstRun() (bool, error) {
+	if err := s.ensureDB(); err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+
+	return s.db.getHasCompletedFirstRun()
+}
+
+func (s *Store) SetHasCompletedFirstRun(hasCompleted bool) error {
+	if err := s.ensureDB(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return s.db.setHasCompletedFirstRun(hasCompleted)
+}
+
+func (s *Store) Settings() (Settings, error) {
+	if err := s.ensureDB(); err != nil {
+		return Settings{}, fmt.Errorf("load settings: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	settings, err := s.db.getSettings()
+	if err != nil {
+		return Settings{}, err
+	}
+
+	// Set default models directory if not set
+	if settings.Models == "" {
+		dir := os.Getenv("OLLAMA_MODELS")
+		if dir != "" {
+			settings.Models = dir
+		} else {
+			home, err := os.UserHomeDir()
+			if err == nil {
+				settings.Models = filepath.Join(home, ".ollama", "models")
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if settings.LastHomeView == "" {
+		settings.LastHomeView = "launch"
+	}
+
+	return settings, nil
+}
+
+func (s *Store) SetSettings(settings Settings) error {
+	if err := s.ensureDB(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return s.db.setSettings(settings)
+}
+
+func (s *Store) Chats() ([]Chat, error) {
+	if err := s.ensureDB(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return s.db.getAllChats()
+}
+
+func (s *Store) Chat(id string) (*Chat, error) {
+	return s.ChatWithOptions(id, true)
+}
+
+func (s *Store) ChatWithOptions(id string, loadAttachmentData bool) (*Chat, error) {
+	if err := s.ensureDB(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	chat, err := s.db.getChatWithOptions(id, loadAttachmentData)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w: chat %s", not.Found, id)
+	}
+
+	return chat, nil
+}
+
+func (s *Store) SetChat(chat Chat) error {
+	if err := s.ensureDB(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return s.db.saveChat(chat)
+}
+
+func (s *Store) DeleteChat(id string) error {
+	if err := s.ensureDB(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// Delete from database
+	if err := s.db.deleteChat(id); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: chat %s", not.Found, id)
+	}
+
+	// Also delete associated images
+	chatImgDir := filepath.Join(s.ImgDir(), id)
+	if err := os.RemoveAll(chatImgDir); err != nil {
+		// Log error but don't fail the deletion
+		slog.Warn("failed to delete chat images", "chat_id", id, "error", err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *Store) WindowSize() (int, int, error) {
+	if err := s.ensureDB(); err != nil {
+		return 0, 0, err
+	}
+
+	return s.db.getWindowSize()
+}
+
+func (s *Store) SetWindowSize(width, height int) error {
+	if err := s.ensureDB(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return s.db.setWindowSize(width, height)
+}
+
+func (s *Store) UpdateLastMessage(chatID string, message Message) error {
+	if err := s.ensureDB(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return s.db.updateLastMessage(chatID, message)
+}
+
+func (s *Store) AppendMessage(chatID string, message Message) error {
+	if err := s.ensureDB(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return s.db.appendMessage(chatID, message)
+}
+
+func (s *Store) UpdateChatBrowserState(chatID string, state json.RawMessage) error {
+	if err := s.ensureDB(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return s.db.updateChatBrowserState(chatID, state)
+}
+
+func (s *Store) User() (*User, error) {
+	if err := s.ensureDB(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return s.db.getUser()
+}
+
+func (s *Store) SetUser(user User) error {
+	if err := s.ensureDB(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	user.CachedAt = time.Now()
+	return s.db.setUser(user)
+}
+
+func (s *Store) ClearUser() error {
+	if err := s.ensureDB(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return s.db.clearUser()
+}
+
+func (s *Store) Close() error {
+	s.dbMu.Lock()
+	defer s.dbMu.Unlock()
+
+	if s.db != nil {
+		return s.db.Close()
+	}
+	return nil
+}
--- a/app/store/store_test.go
+++ b/app/store/store_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,248 @@
+//go:build windows || darwin
+
+package store
+
+import (
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestStore(t *testing.T) {
+	s, cleanup := setupTestStore(t)
+	defer cleanup()
+
+	t.Run("default id", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// ID should be automatically generated
+		id, err := s.ID()
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if id == "" {
+			t.Error("expected non-empty ID")
+		}
+
+		// Verify ID is persisted
+		id2, err := s.ID()
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if id != id2 {
+			t.Errorf("expected ID %s, got %s", id, id2)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("has completed first run", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Default should be false (hasn't completed first run yet)
+		hasCompleted, err := s.HasCompletedFirstRun()
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if hasCompleted {
+			t.Error("expected has completed first run to be false by default")
+		}
+
+		if err := s.SetHasCompletedFirstRun(true); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		hasCompleted, err = s.HasCompletedFirstRun()
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if !hasCompleted {
+			t.Error("expected has completed first run to be true")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("settings", func(t *testing.T) {
+		sc := Settings{
+			Expose:     true,
+			Browser:    true,
+			Survey:     true,
+			Models:     "/tmp/models",
+			Agent:      true,
+			Tools:      false,
+			WorkingDir: "/tmp/work",
+		}
+
+		if err := s.SetSettings(sc); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		loaded, err := s.Settings()
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		// Compare fields individually since Models might get a default
+		if loaded.Expose != sc.Expose || loaded.Browser != sc.Browser ||
+			loaded.Agent != sc.Agent || loaded.Survey != sc.Survey ||
+			loaded.Tools != sc.Tools || loaded.WorkingDir != sc.WorkingDir {
+			t.Errorf("expected %v, got %v", sc, loaded)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("settings default home view is launch", func(t *testing.T) {
+		loaded, err := s.Settings()
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if loaded.LastHomeView != "launch" {
+			t.Fatalf("expected default LastHomeView to be launch, got %q", loaded.LastHomeView)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("settings empty home view falls back to launch", func(t *testing.T) {
+		if err := s.SetSettings(Settings{LastHomeView: ""}); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		loaded, err := s.Settings()
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if loaded.LastHomeView != "launch" {
+			t.Fatalf("expected empty LastHomeView to fall back to launch, got %q", loaded.LastHomeView)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("settings disabled home view falls back to launch", func(t *testing.T) {
+		if err := s.SetSettings(Settings{LastHomeView: "claude-desktop"}); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		loaded, err := s.Settings()
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if loaded.LastHomeView != "launch" {
+			t.Fatalf("expected disabled LastHomeView to fall back to launch, got %q", loaded.LastHomeView)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("settings codex app home view is accepted", func(t *testing.T) {
+		if err := s.SetSettings(Settings{LastHomeView: "codex-app"}); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		loaded, err := s.Settings()
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if loaded.LastHomeView != "codex-app" {
+			t.Fatalf("expected codex-app LastHomeView to be preserved, got %q", loaded.LastHomeView)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("window size", func(t *testing.T) {
+		if err := s.SetWindowSize(1024, 768); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		width, height, err := s.WindowSize()
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if width != 1024 || height != 768 {
+			t.Errorf("expected 1024x768, got %dx%d", width, height)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("create and retrieve chat", func(t *testing.T) {
+		chat := NewChat("test-chat-1")
+		chat.Title = "Test Chat"
+
+		chat.Messages = append(chat.Messages, NewMessage("user", "Hello", nil))
+		chat.Messages = append(chat.Messages, NewMessage("assistant", "Hi there!", &MessageOptions{
+			Model: "llama4",
+		}))
+
+		if err := s.SetChat(*chat); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("failed to save chat: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		retrieved, err := s.Chat("test-chat-1")
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("failed to retrieve chat: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		if retrieved.ID != chat.ID {
+			t.Errorf("expected ID %s, got %s", chat.ID, retrieved.ID)
+		}
+		if retrieved.Title != chat.Title {
+			t.Errorf("expected title %s, got %s", chat.Title, retrieved.Title)
+		}
+		if len(retrieved.Messages) != 2 {
+			t.Fatalf("expected 2 messages, got %d", len(retrieved.Messages))
+		}
+		if retrieved.Messages[0].Content != "Hello" {
+			t.Errorf("expected first message 'Hello', got %s", retrieved.Messages[0].Content)
+		}
+		if retrieved.Messages[1].Content != "Hi there!" {
+			t.Errorf("expected second message 'Hi there!', got %s", retrieved.Messages[1].Content)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("list chats", func(t *testing.T) {
+		chat2 := NewChat("test-chat-2")
+		chat2.Title = "Another Chat"
+		chat2.Messages = append(chat2.Messages, NewMessage("user", "Test", nil))
+
+		if err := s.SetChat(*chat2); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("failed to save chat: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		chats, err := s.Chats()
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("failed to list chats: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		if len(chats) != 2 {
+			t.Fatalf("expected 2 chats, got %d", len(chats))
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("delete chat", func(t *testing.T) {
+		if err := s.DeleteChat("test-chat-1"); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("failed to delete chat: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		// Verify it's gone
+		_, err := s.Chat("test-chat-1")
+		if err == nil {
+			t.Error("expected error retrieving deleted chat")
+		}
+
+		// Verify other chat still exists
+		chats, err := s.Chats()
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("failed to list chats: %v", err)
+		}
+		if len(chats) != 1 {
+			t.Fatalf("expected 1 chat after deletion, got %d", len(chats))
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// setupTestStore creates a temporary store for testing
+func setupTestStore(t *testing.T) (*Store, func()) {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+
+	// Override legacy config path to ensure no migration happens
+	oldLegacyConfigPath := legacyConfigPath
+	legacyConfigPath = filepath.Join(tmpDir, "config.json")
+
+	s := &Store{DBPath: filepath.Join(tmpDir, "db.sqlite")}
+
+	cleanup := func() {
+		s.Close()
+		legacyConfigPath = oldLegacyConfigPath
+	}
+
+	return s, cleanup
+}
--- a/app/store/test_home_test.go
+++ b/app/store/test_home_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+//go:build windows || darwin
+
+package store
+
+import "testing"
+
+func setTestHome(t *testing.T, home string) {
+	t.Helper()
+	t.Setenv("HOME", home)
+	t.Setenv("USERPROFILE", home)
+}
--- a/app/store/testdata/schema.sql
+++ b/app/store/testdata/schema.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+-- This is the version 2 schema for the app database, the first released schema to users.
+-- Do not modify this file. It is used to test that the database schema stays in a consistent state between schema migrations.
+
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS settings (
+    id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY CHECK (id = 1),
+    device_id TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+    has_completed_first_run BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+    expose BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+    survey BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT TRUE,
+    browser BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+    models TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+    remote TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+    agent BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+    tools BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+    working_dir TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+    context_length INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+    window_width INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+    window_height INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+    config_migrated BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+    schema_version INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 2
+);
+
+-- Insert default settings row if it doesn't exist
+INSERT OR IGNORE INTO settings (id) VALUES (1);
+
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS chats (
+    id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+    title TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+    created_at TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
+);
+
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS messages (
+    id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
+    chat_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    role TEXT NOT NULL,
+    content TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+    thinking TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+    stream BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+    model_name TEXT,
+    model_cloud BOOLEAN,
+    model_ollama_host BOOLEAN,
+    created_at TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+    updated_at TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+    thinking_time_start TIMESTAMP,
+    thinking_time_end TIMESTAMP,
+    FOREIGN KEY (chat_id) REFERENCES chats(id) ON DELETE CASCADE
+);
+
+CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_messages_chat_id ON messages(chat_id);
+
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS tool_calls (
+    id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
+    message_id INTEGER NOT NULL,
+    type TEXT NOT NULL,
+    function_name TEXT NOT NULL,
+    function_arguments TEXT NOT NULL,
+    function_result TEXT,
+    FOREIGN KEY (message_id) REFERENCES messages(id) ON DELETE CASCADE
+);
+
+CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_tool_calls_message_id ON tool_calls(message_id);
--- a/app/tools/browser.go
+++ b/app/tools/browser.go
@@ -0,0 +1,863 @@
+//go:build windows || darwin
+
+package tools
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/url"
+	"regexp"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/app/ui/responses"
+)
+
+type PageType string
+
+const (
+	PageTypeSearchResults PageType = "initial_results"
+	PageTypeWebpage       PageType = "webpage"
+)
+
+// DefaultViewTokens is the number of tokens to show to the model used when calling displayPage
+const DefaultViewTokens = 1024
+
+/*
+The Browser tool provides web browsing capability for gpt-oss.
+The model uses the tool by usually doing a search first and then choosing to either open a page,
+find a term in a page, or do another search.
+
+The tool optionally may open a URL directly - especially if one is passed in.
+
+Each action is saved into an append-only page stack `responses.BrowserStateData` to keep
+track of the history of the browsing session.
+
+Each `Execute()` for a tool returns the full current state of the browser. ui.go manages the
+browser state representation between the tool, ui, and db.
+
+A new Browser object is created per request - the state is reconstructed by ui.go.
+The initialization of the browser will receive a `responses.BrowserStateData` with the stitched history.
+*/
+
+// BrowserState manages the browsing session on a per-chat basis
+type BrowserState struct {
+	mu   sync.RWMutex
+	Data *responses.BrowserStateData
+}
+type Browser struct {
+	state *BrowserState
+}
+
+// State is only accessed in a single thread, as each chat has its own browser state
+func (b *Browser) State() *responses.BrowserStateData {
+	b.state.mu.RLock()
+	defer b.state.mu.RUnlock()
+	return b.state.Data
+}
+
+func (b *Browser) savePage(page *responses.Page) {
+	b.state.Data.URLToPage[page.URL] = page
+	b.state.Data.PageStack = append(b.state.Data.PageStack, page.URL)
+}
+
+func (b *Browser) getPageFromStack(url string) (*responses.Page, error) {
+	page, ok := b.state.Data.URLToPage[url]
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("page not found for url %s", url)
+	}
+	return page, nil
+}
+
+func NewBrowser(state *responses.BrowserStateData) *Browser {
+	if state == nil {
+		state = &responses.BrowserStateData{
+			PageStack:  []string{},
+			ViewTokens: DefaultViewTokens,
+			URLToPage:  make(map[string]*responses.Page),
+		}
+	}
+	b := &BrowserState{
+		Data: state,
+	}
+
+	return &Browser{
+		state: b,
+	}
+}
+
+type BrowserSearch struct {
+	Browser
+	webSearch *BrowserWebSearch
+}
+
+// NewBrowserSearch creates a new browser search instance
+func NewBrowserSearch(bb *Browser) *BrowserSearch {
+	if bb == nil {
+		bb = &Browser{
+			state: &BrowserState{
+				Data: &responses.BrowserStateData{
+					PageStack:  []string{},
+					ViewTokens: DefaultViewTokens,
+					URLToPage:  make(map[string]*responses.Page),
+				},
+			},
+		}
+	}
+	return &BrowserSearch{
+		Browser:   *bb,
+		webSearch: &BrowserWebSearch{},
+	}
+}
+
+func (b *BrowserSearch) Name() string {
+	return "browser.search"
+}
+
+func (b *BrowserSearch) Description() string {
+	return "Search the web for information"
+}
+
+func (b *BrowserSearch) Prompt() string {
+	return ""
+}
+
+func (b *BrowserSearch) Schema() map[string]any {
+	return map[string]any{}
+}
+
+func (b *BrowserSearch) Execute(ctx context.Context, args map[string]any) (any, string, error) {
+	query, ok := args["query"].(string)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, "", fmt.Errorf("query parameter is required")
+	}
+
+	topn, ok := args["topn"].(int)
+	if !ok {
+		topn = 5
+	}
+
+	searchArgs := map[string]any{
+		"queries":     []any{query},
+		"max_results": topn,
+	}
+
+	result, err := b.webSearch.Execute(ctx, searchArgs)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, "", fmt.Errorf("search error: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	searchResponse, ok := result.(*WebSearchResponse)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, "", fmt.Errorf("invalid search results format")
+	}
+
+	// Build main search results page that contains all search results
+	searchResultsPage := b.buildSearchResultsPageCollection(query, searchResponse)
+	b.savePage(searchResultsPage)
+	cursor := len(b.state.Data.PageStack) - 1
+	// cache result for each page
+	for _, queryResults := range searchResponse.Results {
+		for i, result := range queryResults {
+			resultPage := b.buildSearchResultsPage(&result, i+1)
+			// save to global only, do not add to visited stack
+			b.state.Data.URLToPage[resultPage.URL] = resultPage
+		}
+	}
+
+	page := searchResultsPage
+
+	pageText, err := b.displayPage(page, cursor, 0, -1)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, "", fmt.Errorf("failed to display page: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return b.state.Data, pageText, nil
+}
+
+func (b *Browser) buildSearchResultsPageCollection(query string, results *WebSearchResponse) *responses.Page {
+	page := &responses.Page{
+		URL:       "search_results_" + query,
+		Title:     query,
+		Links:     make(map[int]string),
+		FetchedAt: time.Now(),
+	}
+
+	var textBuilder strings.Builder
+	linkIdx := 0
+
+	// Add the header lines to match format
+	textBuilder.WriteString("\n")                 // L0: empty
+	textBuilder.WriteString("URL: \n")            // L1: URL: (empty for search)
+	textBuilder.WriteString("# Search Results\n") // L2: # Search Results
+	textBuilder.WriteString("\n")                 // L3: empty
+
+	for _, queryResults := range results.Results {
+		for _, result := range queryResults {
+			domain := result.URL
+			if u, err := url.Parse(result.URL); err == nil && u.Host != "" {
+				domain = u.Host
+				domain = strings.TrimPrefix(domain, "www.")
+			}
+
+			linkFormat := fmt.Sprintf("* 【%d†%s†%s】", linkIdx, result.Title, domain)
+			textBuilder.WriteString(linkFormat)
+
+			numChars := min(len(result.Content.FullText), 400)
+			snippet := strings.TrimSpace(result.Content.FullText[:numChars])
+			textBuilder.WriteString(snippet)
+			textBuilder.WriteString("\n")
+
+			page.Links[linkIdx] = result.URL
+			linkIdx++
+		}
+	}
+
+	page.Text = textBuilder.String()
+	page.Lines = wrapLines(page.Text, 80)
+
+	return page
+}
+
+func (b *Browser) buildSearchResultsPage(result *WebSearchResult, linkIdx int) *responses.Page {
+	page := &responses.Page{
+		URL:       result.URL,
+		Title:     result.Title,
+		Links:     make(map[int]string),
+		FetchedAt: time.Now(),
+	}
+
+	var textBuilder strings.Builder
+
+	// Format the individual result page (only used when no full text is available)
+	linkFormat := fmt.Sprintf("【%d†%s】", linkIdx, result.Title)
+	textBuilder.WriteString(linkFormat)
+	textBuilder.WriteString("\n")
+	textBuilder.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("URL: %s\n", result.URL))
+	numChars := min(len(result.Content.FullText), 300)
+	textBuilder.WriteString(result.Content.FullText[:numChars])
+	textBuilder.WriteString("\n\n")
+
+	// Only store link and snippet if we won't be processing full text later
+	// (full text processing will handle all links consistently)
+	if result.Content.FullText == "" {
+		page.Links[linkIdx] = result.URL
+	}
+
+	// Use full text if available, otherwise use snippet
+	if result.Content.FullText != "" {
+		// Prepend the URL line to the full text
+		page.Text = fmt.Sprintf("URL: %s\n%s", result.URL, result.Content.FullText)
+		// Process markdown links in the full text
+		processedText, processedLinks := processMarkdownLinks(page.Text)
+		page.Text = processedText
+		page.Links = processedLinks
+	} else {
+		page.Text = textBuilder.String()
+	}
+
+	page.Lines = wrapLines(page.Text, 80)
+
+	return page
+}
+
+// getEndLoc calculates the end location for viewport based on token limits
+func (b *Browser) getEndLoc(loc, numLines, totalLines int, lines []string) int {
+	if numLines <= 0 {
+		// Auto-calculate based on viewTokens
+		txt := b.joinLinesWithNumbers(lines[loc:])
+
+		// If text is very short, no need to truncate (at least 1 char per token)
+		if len(txt) > b.state.Data.ViewTokens {
+			// Simple heuristic: approximate token counting
+			// Typical token is ~4 characters, but can be up to 128 chars
+			maxCharsPerToken := 128
+
+			// upper bound for text to analyze
+			upperBound := min((b.state.Data.ViewTokens+1)*maxCharsPerToken, len(txt))
+			textToAnalyze := txt[:upperBound]
+
+			// Simple approximation: count tokens as ~4 chars each
+			// This is less accurate than tiktoken but more performant
+			approxTokens := len(textToAnalyze) / 4
+
+			if approxTokens > b.state.Data.ViewTokens {
+				// Find the character position at viewTokens
+				endIdx := min(b.state.Data.ViewTokens*4, len(txt))
+
+				// Count newlines up to that position to get line count
+				numLines = strings.Count(txt[:endIdx], "\n") + 1
+			} else {
+				numLines = totalLines
+			}
+		} else {
+			numLines = totalLines
+		}
+	}
+
+	return min(loc+numLines, totalLines)
+}
+
+// joinLinesWithNumbers creates a string with line numbers, matching Python's join_lines
+func (b *Browser) joinLinesWithNumbers(lines []string) string {
+	var builder strings.Builder
+	var hadZeroLine bool
+	for i, line := range lines {
+		if i == 0 {
+			builder.WriteString("L0:\n")
+			hadZeroLine = true
+		}
+		if hadZeroLine {
+			builder.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("L%d: %s\n", i+1, line))
+		} else {
+			builder.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("L%d: %s\n", i, line))
+		}
+	}
+	return builder.String()
+}
+
+// processMarkdownLinks finds all markdown links in the text and replaces them with the special format
+// Returns the processed text and a map of link IDs to URLs
+func processMarkdownLinks(text string) (string, map[int]string) {
+	links := make(map[int]string)
+
+	// Always start from 0 for consistent numbering across all pages
+	linkID := 0
+
+	// First, handle multi-line markdown links by joining them
+	// This regex finds markdown links that might be split across lines
+	multiLinePattern := regexp.MustCompile(`\[([^\]]+)\]\s*\n\s*\(([^)]+)\)`)
+	text = multiLinePattern.ReplaceAllStringFunc(text, func(match string) string {
+		// Replace newlines with spaces in the match
+		cleaned := strings.ReplaceAll(match, "\n", " ")
+		// Remove extra spaces
+		cleaned = regexp.MustCompile(`\s+`).ReplaceAllString(cleaned, " ")
+		return cleaned
+	})
+
+	// Now process all markdown links (including the cleaned multi-line ones)
+	linkPattern := regexp.MustCompile(`\[([^\]]+)\]\(([^)]+)\)`)
+
+	processedText := linkPattern.ReplaceAllStringFunc(text, func(match string) string {
+		matches := linkPattern.FindStringSubmatch(match)
+		if len(matches) != 3 {
+			return match
+		}
+
+		linkText := strings.TrimSpace(matches[1])
+		linkURL := strings.TrimSpace(matches[2])
+
+		// Extract domain from URL
+		domain := linkURL
+		if u, err := url.Parse(linkURL); err == nil && u.Host != "" {
+			domain = u.Host
+			// Remove www. prefix if present
+			domain = strings.TrimPrefix(domain, "www.")
+		}
+
+		// Create the formatted link
+		formatted := fmt.Sprintf("【%d†%s†%s】", linkID, linkText, domain)
+
+		// Store the link
+		links[linkID] = linkURL
+		linkID++
+
+		return formatted
+	})
+
+	return processedText, links
+}
+
+func wrapLines(text string, width int) []string {
+	if width <= 0 {
+		width = 80
+	}
+
+	lines := strings.Split(text, "\n")
+	var wrapped []string
+
+	for _, line := range lines {
+		if line == "" {
+			// Preserve empty lines
+			wrapped = append(wrapped, "")
+		} else if len(line) <= width {
+			wrapped = append(wrapped, line)
+		} else {
+			// Word wrapping while preserving whitespace structure
+			words := strings.Fields(line)
+			if len(words) == 0 {
+				// Line with only whitespace
+				wrapped = append(wrapped, line)
+				continue
+			}
+
+			currentLine := ""
+			for _, word := range words {
+				// Check if adding this word would exceed width
+				testLine := currentLine
+				if testLine != "" {
+					testLine += " "
+				}
+				testLine += word
+
+				if len(testLine) > width && currentLine != "" {
+					// Current line would be too long, wrap it
+					wrapped = append(wrapped, currentLine)
+					currentLine = word
+				} else {
+					// Add word to current line
+					if currentLine != "" {
+						currentLine += " "
+					}
+					currentLine += word
+				}
+			}
+
+			// Add any remaining content
+			if currentLine != "" {
+				wrapped = append(wrapped, currentLine)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return wrapped
+}
+
+// displayPage formats and returns the page display for the model
+func (b *Browser) displayPage(page *responses.Page, cursor, loc, numLines int) (string, error) {
+	totalLines := len(page.Lines)
+
+	if loc >= totalLines {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("invalid location: %d (max: %d)", loc, totalLines-1)
+	}
+
+	// get viewport end location
+	endLoc := b.getEndLoc(loc, numLines, totalLines, page.Lines)
+
+	var displayBuilder strings.Builder
+	displayBuilder.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("[%d] %s", cursor, page.Title))
+	if page.URL != "" {
+		displayBuilder.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("(%s)\n", page.URL))
+	} else {
+		displayBuilder.WriteString("\n")
+	}
+	displayBuilder.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("**viewing lines [%d - %d] of %d**\n\n", loc, endLoc-1, totalLines-1))
+
+	// Content with line numbers
+	var hadZeroLine bool
+	for i := loc; i < endLoc; i++ {
+		if i == 0 {
+			displayBuilder.WriteString("L0:\n")
+			hadZeroLine = true
+		}
+		if hadZeroLine {
+			displayBuilder.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("L%d: %s\n", i+1, page.Lines[i]))
+		} else {
+			displayBuilder.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("L%d: %s\n", i, page.Lines[i]))
+		}
+	}
+
+	return displayBuilder.String(), nil
+}
+
+type BrowserOpen struct {
+	Browser
+	crawlPage *BrowserCrawler
+}
+
+func NewBrowserOpen(bb *Browser) *BrowserOpen {
+	if bb == nil {
+		bb = &Browser{
+			state: &BrowserState{
+				Data: &responses.BrowserStateData{
+					PageStack:  []string{},
+					ViewTokens: DefaultViewTokens,
+					URLToPage:  make(map[string]*responses.Page),
+				},
+			},
+		}
+	}
+	return &BrowserOpen{
+		Browser:   *bb,
+		crawlPage: &BrowserCrawler{},
+	}
+}
+
+func (b *BrowserOpen) Name() string {
+	return "browser.open"
+}
+
+func (b *BrowserOpen) Description() string {
+	return "Open a link in the browser"
+}
+
+func (b *BrowserOpen) Prompt() string {
+	return ""
+}
+
+func (b *BrowserOpen) Schema() map[string]any {
+	return map[string]any{}
+}
+
+func (b *BrowserOpen) Execute(ctx context.Context, args map[string]any) (any, string, error) {
+	// Get cursor parameter first
+	cursor := -1
+	if c, ok := args["cursor"].(float64); ok {
+		cursor = int(c)
+	} else if c, ok := args["cursor"].(int); ok {
+		cursor = c
+	}
+
+	// Get loc parameter
+	loc := 0
+	if l, ok := args["loc"].(float64); ok {
+		loc = int(l)
+	} else if l, ok := args["loc"].(int); ok {
+		loc = l
+	}
+
+	// Get num_lines parameter
+	numLines := -1
+	if n, ok := args["num_lines"].(float64); ok {
+		numLines = int(n)
+	} else if n, ok := args["num_lines"].(int); ok {
+		numLines = n
+	}
+
+	// get page from cursor
+	var page *responses.Page
+	if cursor >= 0 {
+		if cursor >= len(b.state.Data.PageStack) {
+			return nil, "", fmt.Errorf("cursor %d is out of range (pageStack length: %d)", cursor, len(b.state.Data.PageStack))
+		}
+		var err error
+		page, err = b.getPageFromStack(b.state.Data.PageStack[cursor])
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, "", fmt.Errorf("page not found for cursor %d: %w", cursor, err)
+		}
+	} else {
+		// get last page
+		if len(b.state.Data.PageStack) != 0 {
+			pageURL := b.state.Data.PageStack[len(b.state.Data.PageStack)-1]
+			var err error
+			page, err = b.getPageFromStack(pageURL)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, "", fmt.Errorf("page not found for cursor %d: %w", cursor, err)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Try to get id as string (URL) first
+	if url, ok := args["id"].(string); ok {
+		// Check if we already have this page cached
+		if existingPage, ok := b.state.Data.URLToPage[url]; ok {
+			// Use cached page
+			b.savePage(existingPage)
+			// Always update cursor to point to the newly added page
+			cursor = len(b.state.Data.PageStack) - 1
+			pageText, err := b.displayPage(existingPage, cursor, loc, numLines)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, "", fmt.Errorf("failed to display page: %w", err)
+			}
+			return b.state.Data, pageText, nil
+		}
+
+		// Page not in cache, need to crawl it
+		if b.crawlPage == nil {
+			b.crawlPage = &BrowserCrawler{}
+		}
+		crawlResponse, err := b.crawlPage.Execute(ctx, map[string]any{
+			"urls":   []any{url},
+			"latest": false,
+		})
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, "", fmt.Errorf("failed to crawl URL %s: %w", url, err)
+		}
+
+		newPage, err := b.buildPageFromCrawlResult(url, crawlResponse)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, "", fmt.Errorf("failed to build page from crawl result: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		// Need to fall through if first search is directly an open command - no existing page
+		b.savePage(newPage)
+		// Always update cursor to point to the newly added page
+		cursor = len(b.state.Data.PageStack) - 1
+		pageText, err := b.displayPage(newPage, cursor, loc, numLines)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, "", fmt.Errorf("failed to display page: %w", err)
+		}
+		return b.state.Data, pageText, nil
+	}
+
+	// Try to get id as integer (link ID from current page)
+	if id, ok := args["id"].(float64); ok {
+		if page == nil {
+			return nil, "", fmt.Errorf("no current page to resolve link from")
+		}
+		idInt := int(id)
+		pageURL, ok := page.Links[idInt]
+		if !ok {
+			return nil, "", fmt.Errorf("invalid link id %d", idInt)
+		}
+
+		// Check if we have the linked page cached
+		newPage, ok := b.state.Data.URLToPage[pageURL]
+		if !ok {
+			if b.crawlPage == nil {
+				b.crawlPage = &BrowserCrawler{}
+			}
+			crawlResponse, err := b.crawlPage.Execute(ctx, map[string]any{
+				"urls":   []any{pageURL},
+				"latest": false,
+			})
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, "", fmt.Errorf("failed to crawl URL %s: %w", pageURL, err)
+			}
+
+			// Create new page from crawl result
+			newPage, err = b.buildPageFromCrawlResult(pageURL, crawlResponse)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, "", fmt.Errorf("failed to build page from crawl result: %w", err)
+			}
+		}
+
+		// Add to history stack regardless of cache status
+		b.savePage(newPage)
+
+		// Always update cursor to point to the newly added page
+		cursor = len(b.state.Data.PageStack) - 1
+		pageText, err := b.displayPage(newPage, cursor, loc, numLines)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, "", fmt.Errorf("failed to display page: %w", err)
+		}
+		return b.state.Data, pageText, nil
+	}
+
+	// If no id provided, just display current page
+	if page == nil {
+		return nil, "", fmt.Errorf("no current page to display")
+	}
+	// Only add to PageStack without updating URLToPage
+	b.state.Data.PageStack = append(b.state.Data.PageStack, page.URL)
+	cursor = len(b.state.Data.PageStack) - 1
+
+	pageText, err := b.displayPage(page, cursor, loc, numLines)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, "", fmt.Errorf("failed to display page: %w", err)
+	}
+	return b.state.Data, pageText, nil
+}
+
+// buildPageFromCrawlResult creates a Page from crawl API results
+func (b *Browser) buildPageFromCrawlResult(requestedURL string, crawlResponse *CrawlResponse) (*responses.Page, error) {
+	// Initialize page with defaults
+	page := &responses.Page{
+		URL:       requestedURL,
+		Title:     requestedURL,
+		Text:      "",
+		Links:     make(map[int]string),
+		FetchedAt: time.Now(),
+	}
+
+	// Process crawl results - the API returns results grouped by URL
+	for url, urlResults := range crawlResponse.Results {
+		if len(urlResults) > 0 {
+			// Get the first result for this URL
+			result := urlResults[0]
+
+			// Extract content
+			if result.Content.FullText != "" {
+				page.Text = result.Content.FullText
+			}
+
+			// Extract title if available
+			if result.Title != "" {
+				page.Title = result.Title
+			}
+
+			// Update URL to the actual URL from results
+			page.URL = url
+
+			// Extract links if available from extras
+			for i, link := range result.Extras.Links {
+				if link.Href != "" {
+					page.Links[i] = link.Href
+				} else if link.URL != "" {
+					page.Links[i] = link.URL
+				}
+			}
+
+			// Only process the first URL's results
+			break
+		}
+	}
+
+	// If no text was extracted, set a default message
+	if page.Text == "" {
+		page.Text = "No content could be extracted from this page."
+	} else {
+		// Prepend the URL line to match Python implementation
+		page.Text = fmt.Sprintf("URL: %s\n%s", page.URL, page.Text)
+	}
+
+	// Process markdown links in the text
+	processedText, processedLinks := processMarkdownLinks(page.Text)
+	page.Text = processedText
+	page.Links = processedLinks
+
+	// Wrap lines for display
+	page.Lines = wrapLines(page.Text, 80)
+
+	return page, nil
+}
+
+type BrowserFind struct {
+	Browser
+}
+
+func NewBrowserFind(bb *Browser) *BrowserFind {
+	return &BrowserFind{
+		Browser: *bb,
+	}
+}
+
+func (b *BrowserFind) Name() string {
+	return "browser.find"
+}
+
+func (b *BrowserFind) Description() string {
+	return "Find a term in the browser"
+}
+
+func (b *BrowserFind) Prompt() string {
+	return ""
+}
+
+func (b *BrowserFind) Schema() map[string]any {
+	return map[string]any{}
+}
+
+func (b *BrowserFind) Execute(ctx context.Context, args map[string]any) (any, string, error) {
+	pattern, ok := args["pattern"].(string)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, "", fmt.Errorf("pattern parameter is required")
+	}
+
+	// Get cursor parameter if provided, default to current page
+	cursor := -1
+	if c, ok := args["cursor"].(float64); ok {
+		cursor = int(c)
+	}
+
+	// Get the page to search in
+	var page *responses.Page
+	if cursor == -1 {
+		// Use current page
+		if len(b.state.Data.PageStack) == 0 {
+			return nil, "", fmt.Errorf("no pages to search in")
+		}
+		var err error
+		page, err = b.getPageFromStack(b.state.Data.PageStack[len(b.state.Data.PageStack)-1])
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, "", fmt.Errorf("page not found for cursor %d: %w", cursor, err)
+		}
+	} else {
+		// Use specific cursor
+		if cursor < 0 || cursor >= len(b.state.Data.PageStack) {
+			return nil, "", fmt.Errorf("cursor %d is out of range [0-%d]", cursor, len(b.state.Data.PageStack)-1)
+		}
+		var err error
+		page, err = b.getPageFromStack(b.state.Data.PageStack[cursor])
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, "", fmt.Errorf("page not found for cursor %d: %w", cursor, err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if page == nil {
+		return nil, "", fmt.Errorf("page not found")
+	}
+
+	// Create find results page
+	findPage := b.buildFindResultsPage(pattern, page)
+
+	// Add the find results page to state
+	b.savePage(findPage)
+	newCursor := len(b.state.Data.PageStack) - 1
+
+	pageText, err := b.displayPage(findPage, newCursor, 0, -1)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, "", fmt.Errorf("failed to display page: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return b.state.Data, pageText, nil
+}
+
+func (b *Browser) buildFindResultsPage(pattern string, page *responses.Page) *responses.Page {
+	findPage := &responses.Page{
+		Title:     fmt.Sprintf("Find results for text: `%s` in `%s`", pattern, page.Title),
+		Links:     make(map[int]string),
+		FetchedAt: time.Now(),
+	}
+
+	findPage.URL = fmt.Sprintf("find_results_%s", pattern)
+
+	var textBuilder strings.Builder
+	matchIdx := 0
+	maxResults := 50
+	numShowLines := 4
+	patternLower := strings.ToLower(pattern)
+
+	// Search through the page lines following the reference algorithm
+	var resultChunks []string
+	lineIdx := 0
+
+	for lineIdx < len(page.Lines) {
+		line := page.Lines[lineIdx]
+		lineLower := strings.ToLower(line)
+
+		if !strings.Contains(lineLower, patternLower) {
+			lineIdx++
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Build snippet context
+		endLine := min(lineIdx+numShowLines, len(page.Lines))
+
+		var snippetBuilder strings.Builder
+		for j := lineIdx; j < endLine; j++ {
+			snippetBuilder.WriteString(page.Lines[j])
+			if j < endLine-1 {
+				snippetBuilder.WriteString("\n")
+			}
+		}
+		snippet := snippetBuilder.String()
+
+		// Format the match
+		linkFormat := fmt.Sprintf("【%d†match at L%d】", matchIdx, lineIdx)
+		resultChunk := fmt.Sprintf("%s\n%s", linkFormat, snippet)
+		resultChunks = append(resultChunks, resultChunk)
+
+		if len(resultChunks) >= maxResults {
+			break
+		}
+
+		matchIdx++
+		lineIdx += numShowLines
+	}
+
+	// Build final display text
+	if len(resultChunks) > 0 {
+		textBuilder.WriteString(strings.Join(resultChunks, "\n\n"))
+	}
+
+	if matchIdx == 0 {
+		findPage.Text = fmt.Sprintf("No `find` results for pattern: `%s`", pattern)
+	} else {
+		findPage.Text = textBuilder.String()
+	}
+
+	findPage.Lines = wrapLines(findPage.Text, 80)
+	return findPage
+}
--- a/app/tools/browser_crawl.go
+++ b/app/tools/browser_crawl.go
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+//go:build windows || darwin
+
+package tools
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+)
+
+// CrawlContent represents the content of a crawled page
+type CrawlContent struct {
+	Snippet  string `json:"snippet"`
+	FullText string `json:"full_text"`
+}
+
+// CrawlExtras represents additional data from the crawl API
+type CrawlExtras struct {
+	Links []CrawlLink `json:"links"`
+}
+
+// CrawlLink represents a link found on a crawled page
+type CrawlLink struct {
+	URL  string `json:"url"`
+	Href string `json:"href"`
+	Text string `json:"text"`
+}
+
+// CrawlResult represents a single crawl result
+type CrawlResult struct {
+	Title   string       `json:"title"`
+	URL     string       `json:"url"`
+	Content CrawlContent `json:"content"`
+	Extras  CrawlExtras  `json:"extras"`
+}
+
+// CrawlResponse represents the complete response from the crawl API
+type CrawlResponse struct {
+	Results map[string][]CrawlResult `json:"results"`
+}
+
+// BrowserCrawler tool for crawling web pages using ollama.com crawl API
+type BrowserCrawler struct{}
+
+func (g *BrowserCrawler) Name() string {
+	return "get_webpage"
+}
+
+func (g *BrowserCrawler) Description() string {
+	return "Crawl and extract text content from web pages"
+}
+
+func (g *BrowserCrawler) Prompt() string {
+	return `When you need to read content from web pages, use the get_webpage tool. Simply provide the URLs you want to read and I'll fetch their content for you.
+
+For each URL, I'll extract the main text content in a readable format. If you need to discover links within those pages, set extract_links to true. If the user requires the latest information, set livecrawl to true.
+
+Only use this tool when you need to access current web content. Make sure the URLs are valid and accessible. Do not use this tool for:
+- Downloading files or media
+- Accessing private/authenticated pages
+- Scraping data at high volumes
+
+Always check the returned content to ensure it's relevant before using it in your response.`
+}
+
+func (g *BrowserCrawler) Schema() map[string]any {
+	schemaBytes := []byte(`{
+		"type": "object",
+		"properties": {
+			"urls": {
+				"type": "array",
+				"items": {
+					"type": "string"
+				},
+				"description": "List of URLs to crawl and extract content from"
+			}
+		},
+		"required": ["urls"]
+	}`)
+	var schema map[string]any
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(schemaBytes, &schema); err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return schema
+}
+
+func (g *BrowserCrawler) Execute(ctx context.Context, args map[string]any) (*CrawlResponse, error) {
+	urlsRaw, ok := args["urls"].([]any)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("urls parameter is required and must be an array of strings")
+	}
+
+	urls := make([]string, 0, len(urlsRaw))
+	for _, u := range urlsRaw {
+		if urlStr, ok := u.(string); ok {
+			urls = append(urls, urlStr)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(urls) == 0 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("at least one URL is required")
+	}
+
+	return g.performWebCrawl(ctx, urls)
+}
+
+// performWebCrawl handles the actual HTTP request to ollama.com crawl API
+func (g *BrowserCrawler) performWebCrawl(ctx context.Context, urls []string) (*CrawlResponse, error) {
+	result := &CrawlResponse{Results: make(map[string][]CrawlResult, len(urls))}
+
+	for _, targetURL := range urls {
+		fetchResp, err := performWebFetch(ctx, targetURL)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("web_fetch failed for %q: %w", targetURL, err)
+		}
+
+		links := make([]CrawlLink, 0, len(fetchResp.Links))
+		for _, link := range fetchResp.Links {
+			links = append(links, CrawlLink{URL: link, Href: link})
+		}
+
+		snippet := truncateString(fetchResp.Content, 400)
+
+		result.Results[targetURL] = []CrawlResult{{
+			Title: fetchResp.Title,
+			URL:   targetURL,
+			Content: CrawlContent{
+				Snippet:  snippet,
+				FullText: fetchResp.Content,
+			},
+			Extras: CrawlExtras{Links: links},
+		}}
+	}
+
+	return result, nil
+}
--- a/app/tools/browser_test.go
+++ b/app/tools/browser_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+//go:build windows || darwin
+
+package tools
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/app/ui/responses"
+)
+
+func makeTestPage(url string) *responses.Page {
+	return &responses.Page{
+		URL:       url,
+		Title:     "Title " + url,
+		Text:      "Body for " + url,
+		Lines:     []string{"line1", "line2", "line3"},
+		Links:     map[int]string{0: url},
+		FetchedAt: time.Now(),
+	}
+}
+
+func TestBrowser_Scroll_AppendsOnlyPageStack(t *testing.T) {
+	b := NewBrowser(&responses.BrowserStateData{PageStack: []string{}, ViewTokens: 1024, URLToPage: map[string]*responses.Page{}})
+	p1 := makeTestPage("https://example.com/1")
+	b.savePage(p1)
+	initialStackLen := len(b.state.Data.PageStack)
+	initialMapLen := len(b.state.Data.URLToPage)
+
+	bo := NewBrowserOpen(b)
+	// Scroll without id — should push only to PageStack
+	_, _, err := bo.Execute(t.Context(), map[string]any{"loc": float64(1), "num_lines": float64(1)})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("scroll execute failed: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if got, want := len(b.state.Data.PageStack), initialStackLen+1; got != want {
+		t.Fatalf("page stack length = %d, want %d", got, want)
+	}
+	if got, want := len(b.state.Data.URLToPage), initialMapLen; got != want {
+		t.Fatalf("url_to_page length changed = %d, want %d", got, want)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestBrowserOpen_UseCacheByURL(t *testing.T) {
+	b := NewBrowser(&responses.BrowserStateData{PageStack: []string{}, ViewTokens: 1024, URLToPage: map[string]*responses.Page{}})
+	bo := NewBrowserOpen(b)
+
+	p := makeTestPage("https://example.com/cached")
+	b.state.Data.URLToPage[p.URL] = p
+	initialStackLen := len(b.state.Data.PageStack)
+	initialMapLen := len(b.state.Data.URLToPage)
+
+	_, _, err := bo.Execute(t.Context(), map[string]any{"id": p.URL})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("open cached execute failed: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if got, want := len(b.state.Data.PageStack), initialStackLen+1; got != want {
+		t.Fatalf("page stack length = %d, want %d", got, want)
+	}
+	if got, want := len(b.state.Data.URLToPage), initialMapLen; got != want {
+		t.Fatalf("url_to_page length changed = %d, want %d", got, want)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDisplayPage_InvalidLoc(t *testing.T) {
+	b := NewBrowser(&responses.BrowserStateData{PageStack: []string{}, ViewTokens: 1024, URLToPage: map[string]*responses.Page{}})
+	p := makeTestPage("https://example.com/x")
+	// ensure lines are set
+	p.Lines = []string{"a", "b"}
+	_, err := b.displayPage(p, 0, 10, -1)
+	if err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "invalid location") {
+		t.Fatalf("expected invalid location error, got %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestBrowserOpen_LinkId_UsesCacheAndAppends(t *testing.T) {
+	b := NewBrowser(&responses.BrowserStateData{PageStack: []string{}, ViewTokens: 1024, URLToPage: map[string]*responses.Page{}})
+	// Seed a main page with a link id 0 to a linked URL
+	main := makeTestPage("https://example.com/main")
+	linked := makeTestPage("https://example.com/linked")
+	main.Links = map[int]string{0: linked.URL}
+	// Save the main page (adds to PageStack and URLToPage)
+	b.savePage(main)
+	// Pre-cache the linked page so open by id avoids network
+	b.state.Data.URLToPage[linked.URL] = linked
+
+	initialStackLen := len(b.state.Data.PageStack)
+	initialMapLen := len(b.state.Data.URLToPage)
+
+	bo := NewBrowserOpen(b)
+	_, _, err := bo.Execute(t.Context(), map[string]any{"id": float64(0)})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("open by link id failed: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if got, want := len(b.state.Data.PageStack), initialStackLen+1; got != want {
+		t.Fatalf("page stack length = %d, want %d", got, want)
+	}
+	if got, want := len(b.state.Data.URLToPage), initialMapLen; got != want {
+		t.Fatalf("url_to_page length changed = %d, want %d", got, want)
+	}
+	if last := b.state.Data.PageStack[len(b.state.Data.PageStack)-1]; last != linked.URL {
+		t.Fatalf("last page in stack = %s, want %s", last, linked.URL)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestWrapLines_PreserveAndWidth(t *testing.T) {
+	long := strings.Repeat("word ", 50)
+	text := "Line1\n\n" + long + "\nLine3"
+	lines := wrapLines(text, 40)
+
+	// Ensure empty line preserved at index 1
+	if lines[1] != "" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected preserved empty line at index 1, got %q", lines[1])
+	}
+	// All lines should be <= 40 chars
+	for i, l := range lines {
+		if len(l) > 40 {
+			t.Fatalf("line %d exceeds width: %d > 40", i, len(l))
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDisplayPage_FormatHeaderAndLines(t *testing.T) {
+	b := NewBrowser(&responses.BrowserStateData{PageStack: []string{}, ViewTokens: 1024, URLToPage: map[string]*responses.Page{}})
+	p := &responses.Page{
+		URL:   "https://example.com/x",
+		Title: "Example",
+		Lines: []string{"URL: https://example.com/x", "A", "B", "C"},
+	}
+	out, err := b.displayPage(p, 3, 0, 2)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("displayPage failed: %v", err)
+	}
+	if !strings.HasPrefix(out, "[3] Example(") {
+		t.Fatalf("header not formatted as expected: %q", out)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "L0:\n") {
+		t.Fatalf("missing L0 label: %q", out)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(out, "L1: URL: https://example.com/x\n") || !strings.Contains(out, "L2: A\n") {
+		t.Fatalf("missing expected line numbers/content: %q", out)
+	}
+}
--- a/app/tools/browser_websearch.go
+++ b/app/tools/browser_websearch.go
@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+//go:build windows || darwin
+
+package tools
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"strconv"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// WebSearchContent represents the content of a search result
+type WebSearchContent struct {
+	Snippet  string `json:"snippet"`
+	FullText string `json:"full_text"`
+}
+
+// WebSearchMetadata represents metadata for a search result
+type WebSearchMetadata struct {
+	PublishedDate *time.Time `json:"published_date,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// WebSearchResult represents a single search result
+type WebSearchResult struct {
+	Title    string            `json:"title"`
+	URL      string            `json:"url"`
+	Content  WebSearchContent  `json:"content"`
+	Metadata WebSearchMetadata `json:"metadata"`
+}
+
+// WebSearchResponse represents the complete response from the websearch API
+type WebSearchResponse struct {
+	Results map[string][]WebSearchResult `json:"results"`
+}
+
+// BrowserWebSearch tool for searching the web using ollama.com search API
+type BrowserWebSearch struct{}
+
+func (w *BrowserWebSearch) Name() string {
+	return "gpt_oss_web_search"
+}
+
+func (w *BrowserWebSearch) Description() string {
+	return "Search the web for real-time information using ollama.com search API."
+}
+
+func (w *BrowserWebSearch) Prompt() string {
+	return `Use the gpt_oss_web_search tool to search the web.
+1. Come up with a list of search queries to get comprehensive information (typically 2-3 related queries work well)
+2. Use the gpt_oss_web_search tool with multiple queries to get results organized by query
+3. Use the search results to provide current up to date, accurate information
+
+Today's date is ` + time.Now().Format("January 2, 2006") + `
+Add "` + time.Now().Format("January 2, 2006") + `" for news queries and ` + strconv.Itoa(time.Now().Year()+1) + ` for other queries that need current information.`
+}
+
+func (w *BrowserWebSearch) Schema() map[string]any {
+	schemaBytes := []byte(`{
+		"type": "object",
+		"properties": {
+			"queries": {
+				"type": "array",
+				"items": {
+					"type": "string"
+				},
+				"description": "List of search queries to look up"
+			},
+			"max_results": {
+				"type": "integer",
+				"description": "Maximum number of results to return per query (default: 2) up to 5",
+				"default": 2
+			}
+		},
+		"required": ["queries"]
+	}`)
+	var schema map[string]any
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(schemaBytes, &schema); err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return schema
+}
+
+func (w *BrowserWebSearch) Execute(ctx context.Context, args map[string]any) (any, error) {
+	queriesRaw, ok := args["queries"].([]any)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("queries parameter is required and must be an array of strings")
+	}
+
+	queries := make([]string, 0, len(queriesRaw))
+	for _, q := range queriesRaw {
+		if query, ok := q.(string); ok {
+			queries = append(queries, query)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(queries) == 0 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("at least one query is required")
+	}
+
+	maxResults := 5
+	if mr, ok := args["max_results"].(int); ok {
+		maxResults = mr
+	}
+
+	return w.performWebSearch(ctx, queries, maxResults)
+}
+
+// performWebSearch handles the actual HTTP request to ollama.com search API
+func (w *BrowserWebSearch) performWebSearch(ctx context.Context, queries []string, maxResults int) (*WebSearchResponse, error) {
+	response := &WebSearchResponse{Results: make(map[string][]WebSearchResult, len(queries))}
+
+	for _, query := range queries {
+		searchResp, err := performWebSearch(ctx, query, maxResults)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("web_search failed for %q: %w", query, err)
+		}
+
+		converted := make([]WebSearchResult, 0, len(searchResp.Results))
+		for _, item := range searchResp.Results {
+			converted = append(converted, WebSearchResult{
+				Title: item.Title,
+				URL:   item.URL,
+				Content: WebSearchContent{
+					Snippet:  truncateString(item.Content, 400),
+					FullText: item.Content,
+				},
+				Metadata: WebSearchMetadata{},
+			})
+		}
+
+		response.Results[query] = converted
+	}
+
+	return response, nil
+}
+
+func truncateString(input string, limit int) string {
+	if limit <= 0 || len(input) <= limit {
+		return input
+	}
+	return input[:limit]
+}
--- a/app/tools/cloud_policy.go
+++ b/app/tools/cloud_policy.go
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+//go:build windows || darwin
+
+package tools
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/api"
+	internalcloud "github.com/ollama/ollama/internal/cloud"
+)
+
+// ensureCloudEnabledForTool checks cloud policy from the connected Ollama server.
+// If policy cannot be determined, this fails closed and blocks the operation.
+func ensureCloudEnabledForTool(ctx context.Context, operation string) error {
+	// Reuse shared message formatting; policy evaluation is still done via
+	// the connected server's /api/status endpoint below.
+	disabledMessage := internalcloud.DisabledError(operation)
+
+	client, err := api.ClientFromEnvironment()
+	if err != nil {
+		return errors.New(disabledMessage + " (unable to verify server cloud policy)")
+	}
+
+	status, err := client.CloudStatusExperimental(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return errors.New(disabledMessage + " (unable to verify server cloud policy)")
+	}
+
+	if status.Cloud.Disabled {
+		return errors.New(disabledMessage)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More